This paper is the most basic course for making a general Ghost system. The image file of the universal Ghost system can be restored to most computers, which can bring great convenience to friends who often install computers.

I. Preparatory work

1. Prepare the required tools and software.

※S & amp； R & amps _ v9.5.1118 intelligent system packaging tool

Expand. ※。 CAB (in the system installation CD: /SUPPORT/TOOLS directory)

※Ghost _ v 8.0 & amp； Version 8.2 (NTFS partition is only supported after version 8.0)

※ Windows2K/XP/2003 system installation CD (activation-free version recommended)

※Dllcache Manager _ v 1.0 (Dragon Empire Special Edition) DLlcache backup and recovery tool.

2. Install the operating system

Install the operating system normally, and fix the system security patch (it must be installed on drive C, not on other partitions, unless you are the ghost of the whole hard disk). The operating system can be installed in two file formats, FAT32 and NTFS. It is suggested to adopt the FAT32 file format (don't be lazy, it must be fully formatted to prevent bad areas on the disk), because Ghost has a higher compression rate on FTA32, which can reduce the volume of backup files after production. Another is that FTA32 format can be converted into NTFS after recovery, and it is more troublesome to convert NTFS into FTA32, so it is more flexible to adopt FAT32 file format. Of course, if you carefully look at the differences between MS FAT and NTFS, and between NTFS and Convert NTFS, you should know that "native" NTFS has advantages over converted NTFS in terms of performance and file fragmentation, so it is also recommended that people who pay attention to performance use NTFS file format to install the operating system ("native" refers to partitions formatted directly with NTFS file format, rather than through convert conversion).

For Windows XP, an important issue when making universal clones is system activation. Because Windows XP uses activation mechanism to prevent piracy, when the hardware changes, the system will require reactivation, so it is recommended to use the version of Windows XP that does not need activation, such as the version authorized by large enterprises.

3. Install application software

Install, register and set up the application software you need, such as Office, Winrar and so on.

Note: After repackaging the system with sysprep, the system will restore the relevant settings of the input method to the system default state when the installation is resumed, and the newly installed input method before packaging will not be displayed in the language bar list, so it needs to be added again manually. For this reason, WindowsXP system can make the following settings before the system is packaged: open the control panel, double-click the regional and language options, select Advanced, select "Apply all settings to current user account and default user profile" under the "Default user account settings" box, and then click "OK", so that the input method related settings of the language bar are added to the default profile of the system. After repackaging the system, the newly installed input method can be automatically added to the input method list in the language bar when reinstalling.

4. Install S&; R & amps _ v9.5.1118 intelligent system packaging tool

Double-click s&; R & amps _ v9.5.118 intelligent system packaging tool will automatically create a sysprep folder in the root directory of the current system partition as long as it "next" all the way. Then select and copy the deployment. Copy the. CAB file in the system installation CD /SUPPORT/TOOLS directory to the sysprep folder (the directory and its files will be automatically deleted when the system is packaged and installed for the first time).

5. Install DllCacheManager_V 1.0 (Dragon Empire Special Edition) Dllcache backup and restore tool (optional).

Unzip the DllCacheManager.rar file, and then copy the DllCacheManager.exe and ZProgBar.ocx files to the %systemroot% directory (C:/windows directory for XP system and C:/winnt directory for 2K system).

Cooperate with S&; R & When using S, autohal.exe will automatically call Dllcache Manager for backup recovery, and delete itself when installing the recovery packaging system after completing the packaging and running of Dllcache directory files backed up by DllCacheManager.exe. If you don't use S&; R & amps, you need to run DllCacheManager for manual recovery and then delete yourself; Or add DLlcachemanager/restore/autodelete/timeout (such as the command that runs for the first time after entering the system in Sysprep.inf file) in the relevant batch file. You can also extract DllCacheManager.rar files to any location in the current system partition. After running DllCacheManager.exe, you can choose "Automatically delete when restoring" or "Back up and delete yourself when restoring" for backup, and you can automatically restore the backup and delete yourself the next time the system is started.

Second, the system to lose weight (optional)

In order to reduce the time required for Ghost to restore mirror backup files, or install as much software as possible on a CD, it is necessary to make Ghost backup files small enough, so we need to carry out a series of weight loss work on the system. Of course, if you don't mind the size of Ghost backup files, there is no need to lose weight on the system.

1, turn off system restore.

Open the control panel and double-click the system. Select System Restore in the system property panel, check Turn off System Restore on all drives, and then click OK.

The system restore function of WindowsXP takes up a lot of disk space and must be turned off to reduce the system size. After turning off System Restore, the contents of the system volume information directory in the root directory of the system partition will be emptied immediately, so you can also turn on this function after turning off System Restore.

2. Turn off system hibernation

Open the control panel, double-click Power Options, select Hibernation, uncheck the check box before Enable Hibernation, and then click OK. At this time, the page file hiberfil.sys in the root directory of disk C of the system partition will be automatically deleted.

The hibernation function of WindowsXP, like system restore, takes up a lot of disk space, and the hibernation function takes up the size of system partition and the space of physical memory.

3. Transfer the virtual memory page file

Open the control panel, double-click "System", select "Advanced" in the system property panel, then click "Settings" in the performance box, select "Advanced" in the virtual memory box, select the current system partition C, then select "Custom Size", set the initial size and maximum value to "0", and then select the partition where the page file needs to be stored (such as D: etc.

The virtual memory page file Pagefile.sys is generally located in the root directory of the system partition, and the default setting size is 65438+ 0.5 times of physical memory. It is a stubborn hidden file that is difficult to delete, so it is best to transfer it to other partitions outside the system partition to reduce the volume of the system partition.

If you clone the system with Ghost version above 8.0, you can actually omit this item, because Ghost version above 8.0 can automatically delete the virtual memory page file pagefile.sys when making mirror files.

4, clean up the disk, delete the system and IE temporary files.

Run Disk Cleaner to delete temporary system files. ※

Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Cleanup-Select Drive-OK-Disk Cleanup-Select Delete File-OK.

Delete IE temporary files and history. ※

Open IE- Tools-Internet Options-General-Delete Cookies(I)- OK-Delete Files (f)- OK-Delete History (h)- OK-OK.

Delete recently used document records. ※

Start-Settings-Taskbar and [Start] Menu (t)-[ Start] Menu-[Start] Menu (s)- Customize (c)- Advanced-Clear List (c)- OK.

5. Use DllCacheManager to back up DllCache directory files (dll files).

This step must be performed after the system is packaged.

Using DllCacheManager_V 1.0 (Dragon Empire Special Edition) to back up DllCache directory files can reduce disk space by about 300M.

To slim down, delete the following directories or files (delete directories without *): Optional.

C:/windows/$* (all directories start with $,and patches are installed in reverse, about 70M).

C:/windows/*。 Log (not big, but too many, which makes me unhappy. )

C:/windows/PC Health Help Support Center, 30M

(Before deleting, please copy helpctr/binaries/msconfig.exe to the system32 directory. )

C:/windows/ime/chtime traditional input (unnecessary, many input methods support traditional input) 12M.

C:/windows/ime/imejp Japanese input 12M.

C:/windows/ime/imejp98 Japanese input 12M.

C:/windows/ime/imjp8_ 1 Japanese input 12M.

C:/windows/ime/imkj6_ 1 Korean input 12M.

C:/windows/system32/ime/cintlgnt Cang Xie code 3M.

C:/Windows/System32/IME/Tintlgnt Pinyin Input 3M.

C:/Windows/help, except for digital files such as Help/Tours/Mtour/Tour. Exe and agt0*. Hlp, several file names are all capitalized, and all others are deleted. Help file, 30M

C:/windows/temp/* usually nothing.

c:/windows/prefetch/*

C:/Windows/Installer/*。 MSI some LJ (long directory cannot be deleted! )

C:/Windows/Downloadedinstallations/* There are some LJ left after the MSI program is installed.

C:/windows/resources/themes/* (It is recommended to keep Classic as the classic theme and Luna. The theme is XP theme 8M, and the ones you don't like are deleted).

C:/Windows/srchast, except mui directory, C:/Windows/msgent, except intl directory, everything will be deleted.

C:/Windows/Software Distribution/Download/* (temporary storage point for downloading patches) is about 60M.

C:/windows/system32/oobe activation program (we all use activation-free XP, which is unnecessary) 8M.

C:/Windows/Web/wallpaper/* wallpaper, just leave a nice bliss.bmp, or delete it all. 2M

C:/programfiles/windowsnt/pinball, deleted. Remember to delete the connection 5M from the start menu.

C:/ Program files/audio-visual production are all deleted. 10M, LJ. Remember to delete the connection from the start menu.

C:/ program file /messenger

C:/program files/msn gaming zone Microsoft game, LJ

C:/program files/InstallShield installation information/* left by LJ installer.

C:/programfiles/windowsupdate/* LJ left by XP upgrade.

2. Turn off ZIP document support and run "REGSVR 32/U zipfldr.dll" (saving system resources).

3, visual effect adjustment. Adjust to the best performance, and then select Smooth screen font edges, Show window contents when dragging, Use visual styles on windows and buttons, and Use shadows for icon labels on the desktop in customization.

4. Turn off memory dump and disable error reporting; Run "drwtsn32" to keep the Visual Notification and cancel all other operations.

5. Run "inf/sysoc.inf", edit → replace → find the content "hidden" → replace all → save, and uninstall unnecessary windows components.

6. Delete the folders "$ $ $NtUninstallQ****** * * *" and "ServicePackFiles" under C:/Windows, and the log files starting with KB8 and Q..

7.C:/Windows/help, except for digital files such as Help/Tours/mmTour/tour.exe and agt0*. Hlp, several file names are all capitalized, and all others are deleted.

8.C:/Windows/srchast, except mui directory, C:/Windows/msgent, except intl directory, everything will be deleted.

9. Accelerate access to online neighbors, open the registry, and find HKEY _ Local _ Machine/Software/Microsoft /Windows/ Current Version/Explore Open the Computer/Namespace. Delete {2227A280-3AEA-1069-A2DE-08002B30309D} (printer) and {D6277990-4C6A-1CF-8D87-00060F5.

10, running services prohibited by "services.msc"; Search *. Tmp files and delete them all; Use windows Optimizer to clean the system; Run disk defragmentation after reboot.

Third, delete and change the system hardware driver (key! Must do)

1, uninstall the hardware driver.

(1) Uninstall the network adapter. (2) Uninstall the universal serial bus controller. (3) Uninstall the audio and video game controllers. (4) Unload the monitor. (5) Uninstall the graphics card (the purpose of uninstalling the graphics card is to prevent the blue screen from appearing when the ghost goes to another machine). If you are prompted to restart when uninstalling the hardware driver, select No to not start.

Note: first uninstall and change the driver inside: pay attention to the order! ! First uninstall the network card, universal serial bus controller, audio and video game controller, monitor and graphics card (it is normal that the graphics card still exists after uninstallation, not your operation problem). When uninstalling, right-click and click Uninstall. The system prompts to restart, press No to not start! ! (The purpose of uninstalling the graphics card is to prevent the blue screen phenomenon that may occur when installing GHOST on other computers. ) is generally uninstalled to the hardware that can be uninstalled and deleted.

2. (Key) Change the advanced configuration power interface (ACPI) of computer power management mode to a standard PC.

Open the device manager, right-click the Advanced Configuration Power Interface (ACPI) under the computer, select Change Driver, select Install from List or Designated Location (Advanced) in the pop-up hardware update wizard dialog box, click Next, then select Don't search, I will choose driver installation myself, and then click Next. Select Standard PC, and then click Next. The hardware manager will automatically install the driver of the standard PC, and then the computer will prompt you to restart. Select "No" not to start, and confirm the end.

Description of change: If the new machine and the mother machine are not the same model of ACPI, your newly cloned machine will not be able to realize soft shutdown or system crash, and must be changed to a compatible standard PC mode. Generally, older computers only have standard pc options, but now most computers are advanced configuration power interface (acpi), and new computers after 2003 are ACPI single-processor PCs.

3. (Press the key) Change the IDE ATA/ATAPI controller to "standard dual-channel PCI IDE controller".

Open device manager, right-click Intel (R) 8280 1babus main IDE controller under IDE ATA/ATAPI controller (note: different motherboards display differently), select Change Driver, select Install from list or specified location (advanced) in the pop-up Hardware Update Wizard dialog box, and click. Select "Don't search, I will choose to install the driver myself", click Next, select "Standard Dual-channel PCI IDE Controller", and then click Next, the hardware manager will automatically install the driver of the standard dual-channel PCI IDE controller, and then the computer will prompt to restart, and select No to not start, and complete the confirmation.

Description of change: This step is the main key step. If you don't do it, the system won't start when Ghost goes to another machine. Therefore, in order to adapt to all kinds of motherboards, IDE controller must be changed to "standard dual-channel PCI IDE controller".

Note: s&; R & AMPS _ V9.5.118 intelligent system packaging tool has built-in "changing computer power management mode" and "changing IDE ATA/ATAPI controller" (S&: S _ v9.5.1118 version has this function), so it works with S &；; R & B does not need to do these two steps when packaging S, but you must enter the device manager after the system is packaged to see whether the change is successful.

Fourth, defragment the disk (recommended)

After completing the above work, you must defragment the disk to ensure that there are no file fragments on the system partition, and the benefits are self-evident. Of course, this step can also be performed after the system is packaged, or it can be performed again after the system is packaged.

At this point, if you want Ghost, you can already do it. However, in order to install the hardware driver of the clone system more accurately and run more stably, we need to repackage the system with Sysprep.exe in Microsoft's enterprise deployment toolkit DEPLOY. CAB, so that after restoring the GHO file, the system will reinstall all the new hardware drivers at the first startup, effectively avoiding the instability of the universal cloning system.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) system packaging (recommended)

Sysprep.exe can repackage the system directly in enterprise deployment. CAB toolkit, provided with the system installation CD, or by S&; R & amps _ v9.5118 intelligent system packaging tool can package intelligently by calling Sysprep.exe (recommended). The difference between them is that the former needs to manually change the power management mode of the computer from the standard PC to the corresponding power management mode of the new machine after installing Ghost on the new machine, while the latter can automatically detect the HAL type of the hardware abstraction layer and realize the automatic identification and change of the power mode. Due to S&; R & AMPS _ V9.5.118 The packaging tool of intelligent system adopts detecthal technology of longhorn, so the accuracy of hal can reach 100%, and it can directly enter the packaging process, with fast packaging speed and no need to restart the computer many times.

Note: Windows2k/XP/2003 system installation disk has its own packaging tool, but it is not universal!

1. Create sysprep.inf automatic answer file.

Whether the system is installed in factory mode or repackaged, users will be required to input some necessary contents, such as user name, computer name, installation serial number and so on. However, there is a problem, that is, when we need to input this information when the new Ghost clone is installed, the system has not found the driver of the keyboard and mouse, and the keyboard and mouse are in suspended animation. At this time, the system must install automatic response, so an automatic response file sysprep.inf is needed to complete the input of relevant information. The creation process is basically stupid, just follow the prompts step by step. It should be noted that the installation type step must be "sysprep installation" and the license agreement step should be "fully automatic installation", so that manual intervention is not needed in the installation process. You can also add commands that need to be run in Run Once, such as the command "convert C:/FS:NTFS" to convert FAT32 to NTFS.

Creation steps: double-click the setupmgr.exe file in the sysprep folder-create a new file -Syprep installation-Windows XP Professional-Yes, fully automatic installation-enter name/company-enter product key-automatically generate computer name ... OK-End.

Note: The file name of the automatic answer file must be sysprep.inf, and the directory must be in the c:/sysprep directory.

2. Modify the background image when resuming installation.

Put your own setup.bmp background image in the sysprep folder, modify the sysprep.ini file, and add:

[OEM_Ads]

Background=setup.bmp

Do it.

This method will not replace the setup.bmp generated by autohal. When the installation is resumed, the default logo will still appear after the registration screen and before the minimum installation, but the time is short, and the background image of setup.bmp will be displayed during the minimum installation.

3. Repackaging system

Repackaging system: You can run the Sysprep.exe direct packaging system under the Sysprep directory, or you can run the msprep.exe intelligent packaging tool by calling the Sysprep.exe intelligent packaging system. After running Sysprep.exe or msprep.exe, you can follow the prompts to complete the system repackaging.

Pay attention to option settings when packaging: * Among the four options in the system packaging screen, the second option "Use minimum installation", that is, the installation item without residual drivers, is exactly what we need, so we must choose it. The first item "grace period for not resetting activation" and the third item "not regenerating security identifier" are used by genuine users for activation, but we use the activation-free version, so it doesn't matter whether these two items are selected or not, and the use of the system will not be affected after GHOST cloning. The fourth option "Detect non-plug and play hardware" is not required. * You can choose the shutdown mode according to your needs. It is recommended to select "Exit" to back up the DllCache directory file in the next step. * After setting the options, you can click the "repackage" button, and the system will repackage in about half a minute.

4. Back up the DllCache directory file (dll file)

Run DllCache manager.exe in the %systemroot% directory (C:/windows directory for XP system and C:/winnt directory for 2K system), and complete the DLlcache directory file backup according to the prompts, which can reduce the disk space by about 300M m..

Note: Cooperation with S&; R & When S is used together, because DllCacheManager adopts the way of registry runonce, when S &；; R & amps When the IDE is changed to standard or the power mode is changed to Standard PC, runonce will be activated, so it is necessary to package the system first, and then back up the DllCache directory file with DllCacheManager (if you back up first and then package, the backup will be automatically restored at the beginning of packaging).

5. After backing up the DllCache directory file (dll file), the system reduces the disk space occupation by about 300M. At this time, it is better to defragment the disk again.

After completing the above steps, the system in drive C is already a repackaged clean system. At this point, even if the whole packaging system is completed, you can turn off the computer (be careful not to start the packaging system, if you restart it, the newly completed packaging system will resume installation, and the above work will be in vain). The next work is to start the computer with DOS and make the clean system into a Ghost image file for installation.

Six, making Ghost system image file

Start the computer to run Ghost with DOS, select "local → partition → to mirror" in the menu in turn, select the first partition (drive C) of the hard disk in the pop-up dialog box, set the storage path and file name of the mirror file, such as "D:/ghost/xpghost.gho", select the compression method and press "Yes". The final xpGhost.gho file is the Ghost system image file.

note:

Ghost _ v8.0 is recommended. Version 8.2, on the one hand, version 8.0 and above can support NTFS partition, on the other hand, version 8.0 and above can automatically delete the virtual memory page file "pagefile.sys" when making image files, thus reducing the volume of image files.

If you want to make a universal clone that can install more software, then the image file is likely to exceed the capacity of a CD-ROM. At this time, you can use the Ghost partition compression function. For example, if you want to set the partition size to 650MB, you can enter the command "Ghost -split=650" to run Ghost, and the subsequent operations are no different from those described above.

Seven, restore the universal Ghost system image.

Note: Ghost _ V8.0 is recommended. V8.2 version

Instructions for use of DllCacheManager:

DllCacheManager is a Windows2k/XP slimming tool. Using this tool, you can back up the files in the DLLCache directory to reduce the disk space occupation (about 300M) on the current system partition.

Unzip the DllCacheManager.rar file, then copy the files of DllCacheManager.exe and ZProgBar.ocx to the %systemroot% directory (XP system x:/windows directory, 2K system x:/winnt directory, X is the current system partition), and then run DllCacheManager.exe for backup. Cooperate with S&; When R & amps uses the recovery package system, autohal.exe will automatically call DllCacheManager for backup recovery and delete himself; If you don't use S&; R & amps, you need to run DllCacheManager for manual recovery and then delete yourself; Or add DLlcachemanager/restore/autodelete/timeout (such as the command that runs for the first time after entering the system in Sysprep.inf file) in the relevant batch file.

You can also extract DllCacheManager.rar files to any location in the current system partition. After running DllCacheManager.exe, you can choose "Automatically delete when restoring" or "Back up and delete yourself when restoring" for backup, and you can automatically restore the backup and delete yourself the next time the system is started.

Use parameters:

/back backup

/restore restore

/restore /autodelete Restore and delete yourself.

/restore /autodelete /timeoutxx

Where "xx" is any 2-digit number between 0 and 99, and if it is /restore /autodelete /timeout, it will be automatically restored without counting down.

It should be noted that the /timeoutxx parameter can only be used in the recovery process, and it is only effective when you want to delete yourself using aotodelete.

* The new version of DllCacheManager V 1.0 Dragon Empire Special Edition can change the name of the application at will, and can place the application in any position of the system partition, supporting the backup and recovery operations of any partition and all disks whose systems are not on disk C.. When you back up, the program will automatically generate the corresponding registry key. If you don't want to mirror now, just run the program and click "Don't import any registry".

* with S&; R & When S is used together, because DllCacheManager adopts the way of registry runonce, when S &；; R & When the IDE is changed to standard or the power mode is changed to standard PC, runonce will be activated. Therefore, it is best to package and then back up with DllCacheManager (if you back up first and then package, the backup will be automatically restored when you start packaging), and then boot to DOS ghost.