Guizhou, referred to as "Guizhou" or "Guangxi" for short, is located in the hinterland of southwest China. Compared with Sichuan Basin and Yunnan, which are closed to South Asia and Southeast Asia, Guizhou's position as a domestic hub is more obvious. Huguang can be connected to the east and Sichuan and Yunnan can be controlled to the west, which has a huge geographical advantage. It is a transportation hub in the southwest of China and an important part of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
-0 1- Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is not a whole.
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the same plateau where Yunnan and Guizhou are located. In order to show fairness, this originally loose plateau was named "Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau" by geographers. Compared with the complexity of Yunnan Plateau, Guizhou Plateau is a more complete whole. Guizhou's landforms belong to the plateau mountains in the southwest of China. The terrain in the territory is high in the west and low in the east, inclining from the middle to the north, east and south, with an average elevation of about 1 100 meters. The landform of the whole province can be summarized into four basic types: plateau, mountain, hill and basin. The plateau and mountain are the majority, and it is also the only province in China without plain support.
Guizhou seems barren, but for the rulers of the central dynasty, controlling Guizhou is equivalent to the possibility of attacking the southwest of the whole Chinese territory. Similarly, the loss of Guizhou means that the central government lacks the right to speak in the southwest, which is a battleground for military strategists to declare southwest sovereignty after pacifying the north and Jiangnan.
For the first time in history, Ming Taizu took the rule of Guizhou as one of its opening-up strategies, with the aim of marching into Yunnan more steadily and realizing the effective rule of Yunnan Plateau. In this process, Guizhou's strategic position in the southwest has been highlighted to the greatest extent.
Rich Yunnan Plateau has always been the destination of conquerors, while Guizhou Plateau is not a destination, but the only way to it.
-02- Guizhou on the watershed
To understand the geography of Guizhou, we must first understand the water in Guizhou.
Guizhou is located in the southwest hinterland of China, and the convergence and dispersion of paths endow Guizhou with a unique geographical position as a loose plateau. Then, through the road assisted by water system, two important geographical passages, east-west and north-south, intersect on the Guizhou Plateau, and outline the basic features of Guizhou as a transportation hub.
Rivers in Guizhou are located in the crisscross zone between the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, which is an important ecological barrier between them. On the plateau here in Guizhou, the land area belonging to the Yangtze River basin is larger. Miaoling in central Guizhou is the main watershed of the two major basins in Guizhou Plateau, and Wujiang River and Chishui River are the main lifeblood of the north-south traffic in Guizhou Plateau. However, compared with the stronger transit property of the east-west crossing road in Guizhou, the north-south waterway really constitutes the traffic artery entering the Guizhou Plateau.
-03- Jiabian Park
In fact, the history of Guizhou Plateau is really not brilliant.
The particularity of Guizhou topography has created a series of wonderful karst landforms, but it is not a blessing for Guizhou in the agricultural era. The natural productivity of the land is not high, and the climatic conditions are not optimistic, so it cannot be said that it is a paradise for farmers. On the other hand, Guizhou's original industrial and economic foundation is very weak, living in the southwest and not adjacent to any border. It must be the first choice for industrial transfer.
With the continuous improvement of traffic in China, the barrier of terrain no longer makes builders feel at a loss. The traffic lines in Guizhou are more and more straight, even directly off the ground, realizing air displacement and finally getting rid of the constraints of the terrain. The advantages of Guizhou as a spatial hub in southwest China began to appear. At the same time, with the rise of mountain agriculture, mountain tourism and mountain health care in Guizhou, the mountain areas that we once thought hindered development have gradually found the right direction and are "making money".
Today, Guizhou is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the vision of "seeing the green in 300 meters and seeing the garden in 500 meters" has finally come true.
-End-
Wen Wenjun Xu Xuanjunda
Editor Zhang Yu
The original text is taken from the authentic scenery of Guizhou, with additions, deletions and changes.