Second, expand knowledge.
1, sweet potato (scientific name: sweet potato), also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, pillow potato. Common perennial dicotyledonous plants, herbs with slender vines and stolons. Root tuber, anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid, the skin color is white or red, and the meat quality is mostly yellow-white, but there are also purple. Besides being used for food, it can also be used to make sugar, wine and alcohol.
Experts pointed out that it is best to eat sweet potatoes at lunch time. This is because after we eat sweet potatoes, the calcium contained in them needs to be absorbed in the human body for 4 to 5 hours, and the afternoon sunshine can just promote the absorption of calcium. But it is best to eat sweet potatoes before lunch, so that calcium can be completely absorbed before lunch, and it will not affect the absorption of calcium in other foods at dinner.
Sweet potato is rich in essential nutrients such as starch, vitamins and cellulose, as well as mineral elements such as magnesium, phosphorus and calcium and linoleic acid. These substances can maintain the elasticity of blood vessels and are very effective in preventing and treating habitual constipation in the elderly. Unfortunately, most people think that eating sweet potatoes will make people fat and dare not eat them. In fact, on the contrary, sweet potato is an ideal diet food, its calorie is only 1/3 of that of rice, and because it is rich in cellulose and pectin, it has the special function of preventing sugar from transforming into fat.
Sweet potato is not only a healthy food, but also a good medicine for treating diseases. According to Compendium of Materia Medica, sweet potato has the effects of "tonifying deficiency and benefiting qi, strengthening spleen and stomach, and strengthening kidney yin". "Sweet potatoes are steamed, cut into sections, dried, and harvested as food, which is called potato food, which makes people live longer and less sick." Compendium of Materia Medica says that sweet potato can tonify the middle energizer, enrich the blood, warm the stomach and nourish the five internal organs. The Manual of Sweet Potato says that it has six medicinal values: treating dysentery and diarrhea; Treat wine accumulation and heat diarrhea; Treating damp-heat jaundice; Treating nocturnal emission with white turbidity; Treating blood deficiency and menstrual disorder; Treat infantile malnutrition. "Lu Chuan Materia Medica says that sweet potatoes can produce fluid to quench thirst and cure fever and thirst.
Sweet potato contains a lot of cellulose and pectin that are not easily destroyed by digestive enzymes, which can stimulate the secretion of digestive juice and gastrointestinal peristalsis, thus playing a laxative role. In addition, its rich β -carotene is an effective antioxidant, which helps to eliminate free radicals in the body. In fact, sweet potato is an ideal diet food.
Matters needing attention
1. Sweet potatoes with black spots are not suitable for eating. The virus with black spots on sweet potato is not easy to be destroyed and killed by high temperature, and it is easy to cause poisoning, resulting in a series of poisoning symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and even death.
2. Sweet potato should not be eaten with persimmon at the same time. The main ingredient is starch. After eating, it will produce a lot of fruit acid. If eaten with persimmon at the same time, fruit acid can condense with persimmon tannin and pectin to form gastrolith. If you eat too much, it should be at least five hours apart. If eaten at the same time, the sugar in sweet potato will ferment in the stomach, which will increase the secretion of gastric acid and precipitate and condense with tannin and pectin in persimmon to produce lumps. When the amount is serious, it can cause gastrointestinal bleeding or gastric ulcer. If you feel upset in the stomach, you must go to the hospital for gastroscopy to see if there is stomach bleeding or gastric ulcer.
3. Sweet potatoes should be in moderation
Sweet potato contains an oxidase, which easily produces a large amount of carbon dioxide gas in human gastrointestinal tract. Eating too much sweet potato will make people bloat, burp and fart. Sweet potato has a high sugar content. Eating too much will produce a lot of stomach acid, which makes people feel heartbroken.
The stomach is stimulated by acid and its contraction is strengthened. At this point, the myocardium at the junction of stomach and esophagus is relaxed, and the acid in the stomach flows back to the feeding tube, so people spit acid water. Too much sugar can't be absorbed by the body for a while, and the rest will ferment in the intestines and make the stomach uncomfortable.
So the popular sweet potato regimen is not suitable for everyone. If you have diarrhea after eating it, don't force it. Eating brown rice will have the same effect.
2. Dried beans are also called dehydrated beans (also known as dried beans). Cowpea and broad beans are usually used as raw materials. After high-temperature cooking, drying or sun drying, the finished products are black and fragile. After drying, bundle them one by one, put them into woven bags with inner membranes, seal them and store them in a dry place, pay attention to moisture protection, and dry them once in a while.
Sweet, light and slightly warm in nature.
Meridian tropism enters spleen and stomach meridian.
It has the effects of drying dampness but not dryness, strengthening spleen and not stagnation, and is often used for spleen deficiency and dampness stagnation; Has the effects of harmonizing viscera, tranquilizing mind, invigorating qi and spleen, removing summer heat and dampness, inducing diuresis and reducing swelling.
Indications: Spleen deficiency and dampness, eating less loose stool, dark and turbid betting, and excessive leucorrhea in women. It can also be used for treating summer-heat-dampness injury, vomiting and diarrhea, and muscle rotation. It contains a lot of plant fiber and has the function of relaxing bowels.
3. Red beans (scientific name: Adenanthera pavoninalinn). var。 Microsperma) is a plant of Leguminosae, which has pinnately compound leaves, oblong leaflets, panicles, white flowers, flat pods, bright red seeds, dark brown heartwood, hard texture and corrosion resistance, and can be used as columns, ships, building materials and box boards; The seeds are bright red and beautiful, and can be used as decorations.
Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces. Mostly in canyons, streams, forests or cultivated in gardens. Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia are also distributed. Red beans can be made into various delicious foods with high nutritional value. It is often used to symbolize acacia in ancient literature.
Traditional Chinese medicine attribute
Common names: red bean, red bean, red Mi Dou, Mi Dou.
It tastes plain and sweet.
Efficacy: strengthen the spleen to stop diarrhea, diuretic and detumescence.
It is suitable for people with various edema, including renal edema, cardiogenic edema, ascites due to liver cirrhosis, malnutrition edema, etc. If you can eat it with mullet, carp or yellow hen, the swelling effect will be better; Suitable for postpartum hypogalactia and postpartum edema, you can simply drink soup or cook porridge with red beans; Suitable for obese people. Herbal dietotherapy: "Cook with carp to cure beriberi and abdominal edema." Edible materia medica: "Red beans strengthen bones and muscles, pump muscles, and thin people eat them for a long time." Publisher: "Milk, boiled adzuki beans, drink juice." Compendium of Materia Medica: "Tongnai is cooked with carp, crucian carp and yellow hen."
Do not eat adzuki beans, adzuki beans can benefit waterways, so people who urinate too much should avoid eating. Tao Hongjing said: "Sex is draining body fluid, and eating for a long time makes people thin." Materialism of eating: "Eat thin people for a long time." New edition of materia medica: "adzuki bean can benefit water temporarily, but not for a long time." Dampness is mostly due to qi deficiency, diuresis, turning to deficiency, and dampness cannot be removed. In addition, adzuki beans are only beneficial to the water in the lower body and not to the wetness in the upper body. Covering the lower body is really wet and effective; The dampness and deficiency of the upper body are also very beneficial and inseparable. Compendium of Materia Medica: "adzuki bean, its sexual decline, will drop too much after taking it for a long time, and the body fluid will leak out, so the muscles will be thin and heavy." "Life and Taste Diet Spectrum": "Red beans should not be bitten by snakes within 100 days. "
Note: adzuki beans are not as nutritious as soybeans. Adzuki bean not only contains protein and fat, but also contains vitamins A, B, C, plant saponins and trace elements such as aluminum and copper. According to Jia Ming's "Food Instructions" in Yuan Dynasty, the flowers of adzuki beans are called "rotten women", which can relieve alcoholism and make people drunk.
* Warning * Both adzuki bean and Robinia pseudoacacia are similar in appearance (see the picture above), and both have aliases of "red bean". Sophora japonica seeds are produced in Guangdong, and their appearance is half red and half black. Acacia seeds were mistaken for adzuki beans in the past, leading to poisoning and even death. Don't be confused when eating.
4. The most common grain of mung bean is that in hot summer, we will eat delicious mung bean soup to relieve summer heat. Mung bean is a traditional bean food for our people. Mung beans contain more vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals than japonica rice. Therefore, it not only has good edible value, but also has very good medicinal value, and it is said that "good grain helps the world". When planted in March and April, its seedlings are about one foot high, with small and hairy leaves, and bloom in August and September, with pods like red pods. It has a wide range of uses, such as making mung bean cakes and raw mung bean sprouts.
Sweet in taste, cold in nature and non-toxic.
The effect can reduce swelling, ventilate, clear away heat and detoxify.
Indications: grinding raw mung beans into juice and swallowing it can cure erysipelas, irritating rubella, medical stone and hot air. Regulate the stomach. It can be used as a pillow to make eyes clear. It can treat colds and headaches and eliminate vomiting. Eat regularly, replenish vitality, regulate five internal organs, soothe the nerves, dredge twelve meridians, remove dandruff and moisten skin, quench thirst by boiling soup, and relieve all the poison of grass, cattle, horses and stones.
Experts pointed out that the protein content of mung bean is higher than that of chicken, the calcium content is seven times that of chicken, the iron content is four to five times that of chicken, and it is rich in vitamin C, B group and carotene. In traditional Chinese medicine, mung bean can be used as medicine, which has the effects of clearing heat and relieving summer heat, clearing blood and diuresis, improving eyesight and lowering blood pressure. It is a rare "helping the world and benefiting the valley".
Mung beans also have detoxification, skin care and anti-allergic effects. For example, people who are prone to aphtha, ulcer, acne and frequent allergies should eat more mung beans. Eating more for a long time will soon improve this phenomenon.
Mung beans can cure all kinds of poisons.
Chinese medicine believes that mung bean can treat all kinds of poisons, help the excretion of poisons in the body and promote the normal metabolism of the body. Mung bean can relieve alcoholism, wild bacteria poisoning, arsenic poisoning, organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, lead poisoning, erysipelas poisoning, rat poison poisoning and so on. Mung beans also contain ingredients for lowering blood pressure and blood fat. Eating mung bean sprouts can treat night blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency, glossitis and bursitis caused by vitamin B2 deficiency, scurvy caused by vitamin C deficiency, etc. The bean skin taken off by mung bean sprouts is called mung bean coat, which has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, improving eyesight and retreating.
Edible taboo
In summer, many families love to cook some mung bean soup to relieve the heat, and some ice the cooked mung bean soup. It is this little mung bean that brings us more coolness in the hot summer. But when we match food, we should pay special attention. Mung beans and some foods can't be eaten together.
1. Chinese medicine.
The unique protein in mung bean will react with some components in traditional Chinese medicine, reducing the efficacy, which is not conducive to the recovery of our disease.
2. tomatoes
Tomatoes are a kind of vegetables that people like to eat very much in summer, but if we eat these two foods at the same time, it will damage our vitality.
3.dog meat.
Eating mung beans with dog meat can lead to bloating, vomiting and poisoning. At this time, you can eat 2~3 water spinach to relieve it, but eating too much may lead to a stomachache, so you should send it to the hospital immediately for rescue.
4. Xunzi.
Eating a small amount of two foods together will produce some adverse reactions. But if you eat too much, it may kill you.
5. carp.
Eating mung beans and carp at the same time can cause symptoms such as wind flu.
5. Peanut, also known as groundnut, is a dicotyledonous plant with reticular veins and seeds covered with peanuts. Historically known as longevity fruit, sweet potato, ginseng, pine, longevity fruit, beans, figs, sweet potato and common bean. Peanut is good at nourishing and helping to prolong life, so it is also called "longevity fruit" by the people, and it is also called "vegetable meat" and "vegetarian meat" like soybeans.
Sexual taste is sweet; Entering spleen and lung meridians.
efficacy
1. Lowering cholesterol: Peanut oil contains a lot of linoleic acid, which can decompose cholesterol in human body into bile acid and excrete it, so as to avoid the deposition of cholesterol in the body and reduce the incidence of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by cholesterol exceeding normal.
2. Delaying human aging: The zinc content in peanuts is generally higher than other oil crops. Zinc can promote the development of children's brain, enhance the memory function of the brain, activate the brain cells of middle-aged and elderly people, effectively delay the premature aging of the human body and have anti-aging effects.
3. Promote children's bone development: Peanut is rich in calcium, which can promote children's bone development.
4. Prevention of tumor: Peanut and peanut oil contain resveratrol, which is a natural polyphenol with strong biological activity. Peanut products rich in resveratrol, peanut oil and other related peanut products will play a greater role in diet and health.
5. Coagulation and hemostasis Peanut coat contains oil and vitamins, and contains substances that shorten coagulation time, which can resist the dissolution of fibrin and promote the production of platelets in bone marrow. It not only has hemostatic effect on various hemorrhagic diseases, but also has certain therapeutic effect on primary diseases, which is beneficial to human hematopoietic function.
Grams of food stage
For people with weak stomach and intestines, peanuts should not be eaten with cucumbers and crabs, otherwise it will easily cause food reactions and lead to diarrhea.
Suitable food
1. Eating peanuts with red wine is conducive to promoting the smooth flow of heart blood vessels.
2. Peanut can nourish blood and stop bleeding, promote lactation and increase milk; Pig's trotters can moisturize the skin and are suitable for people with postpartum blood deficiency and insufficient milk. Taking it together can enhance the curative effect.
6. Hemerocallis (orange day lily) belongs to Hemerocallis, which belongs to Liliaceae in the old Cronquist classification. There are many aliases, such as girl without sorrow, day lily, day lily, yi, cure sorrow and deer arrow. Because the buds and stamens are lemon-colored, foreigners call them "lemon daylily". Originally from China, Siberia, Japan and Southeast Asia, Taiwan Province Province was introduced from South China in 166 1 year.
Sex is sweet and plain.
Efficacy: nourishing blood and calming the liver, diuresis and detumescence.
Indications: dizziness, tinnitus, palpitation, lumbago, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia under large intestine, edema, gonorrhea, sore throat, and mammary abscess.
Therapeutic value
1. has the functions of strengthening brain and resisting aging: among the eight brain-strengthening foods listed by Japanese health experts, day lily is the first one. A picture of a girl without sorrow (20) He said, "Daylily is a good medicine to prevent the mental decline of the elderly."
2. Lowering animal serum cholesterol: it is a good vegetable to prevent hyperlipidemia and delay the aging of the body. Day lily has high nutritional value. Every100g contains protein 14. 1g, calcium 463mg, phosphorus 173mg, and various vitamins, especially carotene.
3. It also has the functions of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, invigorating stomach and promoting digestion, improving eyesight and calming nerves, stopping bleeding and promoting lactation, and reducing swelling. Its flowers, stems, leaves and roots can all be used as medicine. Day lily is often cooked with vegetarian dishes such as black fungus, and can also be made into soup or fried with eggs, chicken and meat, which is rich in nutrition.
Matters needing attention
Eating fresh daylily with 0. 1-0.2 mg of colchicine once will be toxic, while eating 7-65 mg of colchicine will be fatal, which means that normal people may be poisoned if they eat 50- 100 g of fresh daylily. Day lily is a hot and humid food. People who choose injuries and gastrointestinal disharmony should eat less, especially asthma patients, not to eat. Fresh day lily contains colchicine, which will cause dry throat, vomiting and nausea after eating, but once cooked, washed and dried, there will be no side effects. It must be cooked, dried and stored before eating. In addition, the dried day lily sold in the market is golden in color and fumigated with sulfur. It is recommended to soak in clear water for 2-3 hours before eating, and then wash it for 4-5 times.
Compared with fresh day lily, dried day lily can remove most colchicine through steam fumigation, drying and other processes in the production process, which is safer. Colchicine is soluble in water. Therefore, if you eat fresh day lily, you must first go through the process of blanching and boiling, and it is best to soak the day lily before eating.
The general population can eat it.
1. Pregnant women, middle-aged and elderly people, and overworked people are especially suitable for eating.
2. Itching people should not eat. Patients with gastrointestinal diseases should eat carefully.
7. Rice is one of the staple foods of human beings. According to modern nutritional analysis, rice contains protein, fat, vitamin B 1, A, E and many minerals. As far as varieties are concerned, rice can be divided into stem rice and glutinous rice.
Rice contains about 75% carbohydrates, 7%-8% in protein, 1.3%- 1. 8% fat and rich in B vitamins. The carbohydrate in japonica rice is mainly starch, and the protein in japonica rice is mainly glutenin, followed by mucin and globulin. Its protein biological value and amino acid composition ratio are higher than those of wheat, barley, millet, corn and other cereal crops, and its digestibility is 66.8%-83. 1%. It is also one of the higher cereal protein.
Meridian enters spleen, stomach and lung.
Efficacy has the functions of invigorating middle energizer, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, nourishing yin and moistening lung, and quenching thirst.
Therefore, edible rice has high nutritional value. However, the content of lysine and threonine in rice protein is relatively small, so it is not completely protein, and its nutritional value is not as good as that of animal protein.
The fat content in rice is very small, and the fat in rice is mainly concentrated in rice bran. The linoleic acid content in the fat is relatively high, accounting for 34% of the total fat, which is 2-5 times higher than that of Lai seed oil and tea oil respectively. So eating rice bran oil has a good physiological function.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that rice is sweet in taste and flat in nature, and has the functions of benefiting essence and strengthening will, harmonizing five internal organs, dredging blood vessels, quenching thirst and improving eyesight, and stopping diarrhea. Known as the "head of the five grains", it is the main grain crop in China, accounting for about a quarter of the cultivated area of grain crops. Half of the world's population lives on rice. Well-known rice brands: Wuchang rice, Zheng Lun rice, Northeast rice, Thai fragrant rice, Longfeng rice, Fulinmen, Wuhu, Gongjing No.1, Yuanyang rice and Sihong rice (geographical indication protection products).
Ancient health experts also advocated "morning porridge" to produce fluid. Therefore, patients with cough and constipation caused by lung yin deficiency can cook porridge with rice in the morning and evening. Drinking rice porridge often contributes to the growth of body fluid and can relieve discomfort such as dry skin to some extent. If you add some pears when cooking porridge, the health care effect of traditional Chinese medicine will be better.
8. Wheat is the general term for wheat plants. It is a gramineous plant widely cultivated all over the world. It originated from the fertile crescent zone in the Middle East and is one of the earliest cultivated crops in the world. Wheat caryopsis is one of the staple foods of human beings. After grinding into flour, it can be made into bread, steamed bread, biscuits, noodles and other foods. After fermentation, it can be made into beer, alcohol, vodka, or biomass fuel. Wheat is rich in starch, protein, fat, minerals, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin A and vitamin C, etc.
Sweet in taste, cold in nature and non-toxic.
Efficacy: new wheat fever, old wheat flat. It can clear away heat, stop polydipsia, moisten throat and promote diuresis, nourish liver qi, stop bleeding and promote fluid production, and make women easy to get pregnant. Nourish the heart, suitable for heart patients. Boiling soup can cure gonorrhea. Grinding into powder can kill ascaris, and boiling old wheat into soup can also stop sweating. Burning it to ashes and blending it with oil can cure all kinds of sores and burns in local records.