1. Bian Que

Bian Que (407 BC-3 BC10), born in Bohai Desert (now Qiu County, Hebei Province), was a famous doctor during the Warring States Period. He also lived in Lu (now Changqing), so he was named Lu Yi. The historian's records and other records about his deeds cover hundreds of years. Bian Que is good at internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, five sense organs and other disciplines, and is known as the originator of medicine by applying acupuncture, acupuncture, massage, decoction and blanching to treat diseases. Legend has it that he once saved Prince Guo. After Bian Que's death, Prince Guo thanked him for his reconstruction and buried his bones. The tomb is located in the east of Tsinghua Town, yongji city. When Bian Que was young, he was open-minded and eager to learn, and studied his medical skills assiduously. He applied his accumulated medical experience to ordinary people, traveled around the world, practiced medicine everywhere, and relieved people's suffering. Because of his superb medical skills, he cured many diseases for the people, and Zhao's working people gave him the title.

2. Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing is a famous machine and is called a medical sage. Nie Yang, Nanyang County (now dengzhou city City, Henan Province, Zhangzhai Village, Gedong Town, Nanyang City, Henan Province). Born between Yuanjia and Yongxing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (about 150 ~ 154), he died at the end of Jian 'an (about 2 15 ~ 2 19) and lived for about seventy years. According to legend, it is filial piety and Changsha magistrate, so it is called Zhang Changsha.

Zhang Zhongjing loved medicine since he was a child. "Broaden the group of books and concentrate on Taoism." When he was ten years old, he had read many books, especially books about medicine. He Qing, a fellow countryman, admired his cleverness and specialty. He once said to him, "You will be a good doctor if you use your heart and don't rhyme well" (Biography of He Qing). Later, Zhang Zhongjing really became a good doctor, and was called "the sage of medicine and the ancestor of prescription science". Of course, this is related to his "using the essence of thinking", but it is mainly the result of his love for the medical profession and his good at "assiduous pursuit of ancient methods and learning from others". When I was young, I studied medicine in the same county town as Zhang Bozu. After years of hard study and clinical practice, he became an outstanding doctor in the medical history of China.

3. Li Shizhen

Li Shizhen (15 18-1593) was born in qi zhou, Hubei Province (now qi zhou Town, Qichun County, Hubei Province), Han nationality, and was the 13th military commander of the Ming Dynasty. His father Li Yanwen is a famous local doctor. Li Shizhen inherited family studies, attached importance to materia medica, was full of practical learning spirit, and was willing to learn from working people. At the age of 38, Li Shizhen was called by the King of Chu to Wang Fu as a "temple official" in Wuchang to take charge of the affairs of the good doctor's office. Three years later, he was recommended by his wife's hospital to go to Beijing for sentencing. Thai Hospital is a medical institution specially serving the imperial court. It was messed up by some quacks at that time. Li Shizhen only worked here for a year, then resigned and went back to his hometown. Li Shizhen consulted more than 800 books on medicine and its academic research in past dynasties, and combined with his own experience and investigation, compiled a book "Compendium of Materia Medica", which lasted for 27 years and was a summary masterpiece of pharmacology before the Ming Dynasty in China. It has been highly praised at home and abroad, and translated or abridged versions have appeared in several languages. In addition, there are books such as "Lakeside Pulse" and "Strange Classics and Eight Veins".

The Li family has been doctors for generations, and grandpa is "Dr. Bell". The father of Li Yanwen, the first person in yuechi county, is a local famous doctor. At that time, the status of folk doctors was very low. The Li family is often bullied by officials and gentry. Therefore, the father decided to let his second son, Li Shizhen, go to school and take exams, so that he could succeed once and get ahead. Li Shizhen was sickly since childhood, but his personality was straightforward and pure, and he disdained learning boring eight-part essay. In the nine years since 14 was admitted to the Jinshi, he went to Wuchang three times, with an average name of Sun Shan. So, he gave up his plan to be an official in the imperial examination and concentrated on studying medicine, so he asked his father for instructions and showed his determination: "Sailing against the current, my heart is stronger than stone. I hope that my father will aim high and not be afraid of difficulties until he dies. " Li Yuechi finally woke up in front of the cold facts, agreed to his son's request and taught him carefully. In a few years, Li Shizhen really became a famous doctor.

4. Sun Simiao

Sun Simiao (54 1 or 58 1 ~ 682) was a famous Taoist and medical doctor in Tang dynasty. Known as the "King of Medicine". Jingzhao Huayuan (now Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province) was born. Young, smart and studious. He claimed that "when he was young, he suffered from cold, repeatedly built a medical clinic, used up the money of soup and medicine, and exhausted his family property." And the dragon, through the old, Zhuang and hundreds, good Buddhist scriptures. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, he decided to study medicine. "He is quite open-minded, and he benefits more from those who are sick at home and abroad." In the first year of Dacheng in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (579), he lived in seclusion in Taibai Mountain (now Shaanxi County), learning Tao, refining qi, cultivating self-cultivation, and studying the art of health preservation and longevity. When Zhou Jingdi ascended the throne, Sui Wendi was appointed as a doctor and said that he was ill. In the Great Year of Sui Dynasty (605 ~ 6 18), I visited Emei in the middle of Sichuan. Sui died, hid in, and got along well with the monk's preaching. Emperor Taizong Li Shimin acceded to the throne and was called to the capital. He was knighted for his "Tao", but he refused to accept it, and later returned to Emei to refine "Taiyi Shenjing Dan". In 658, in the third year of Xianqing, Tang Gaozong was recruited to Beijing again and lived in the abandoned house of Princess Poyang. The next year, Emperor Gaozong summoned him to make suggestions to the doctor, but he still refused. In the fourth year of Xianheng (673), Gaozong fell ill, which made him obey the imperial edict. In the first year of Shangyuan (674), he resigned due to illness and returned to the mountain. Emperor Gaozong gave him a good horse. He belongs to Princess Poyang. In the first year of Yongchun, he was ordered to be buried thinly, not to hide funerary objects, and sacrificed to the prison. Song Huizong Chongning for two years (1 103) was awarded the title of Miaoying as a real person.

5. Ge Hong

Ge Hong (284 ~ 364) was a Taoist scholar, a famous alchemist and a medical doctor in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The word Chuan, named Bao Puzi, was born in Jurong, Danyang County, Jin (now Jurong County, Jiangsu Province). The grandnephew of Ge Xuan, the alchemist of the Three Kingdoms, was called Little Fairy Weng. He was once named as the Hou of Guannei, and then lived in seclusion in Luofushan for alchemy. He is the author of Bao Puzi, Anxious Prescription, Miscellanies of Xijing, etc. Among them, Bao Puzi's Inner Chapter, namely "Dan Shu", describes various knowledge about chemistry such as refining gold and silver pills, and also introduces the properties and changes of many substances. Ge Hong is proficient in medicine and advocates that Taoist priests should also learn medical skills.

6. Huangfumi

Huangfu Mi, whose young name is Jing, whose word is Shi 'an, is Mr. Xuanyan. Anding Chaona (now Chaona Town, Lingtai County, Gansu Province). Born in the twentieth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 2 15), he died in the third year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 282) and lived to be sixty-eight. He has compiled the Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Emperors of Past Dynasties, Biography of Gao Shi, Biography of Yi Shi, Biography of Lienv, Collection of Mr. Yan Yuan and other books, which are very famous in the history of medicine and literature.

7. Hua tuo

Hua Tuo (about 145-208) was a physician of the Han nationality in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Character, Pei Guoqiao (now Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City, Anhui Province). "Once"? In Hua Tuo's biography, he said that he was "proficient in the number of classics and the art of mending heaven", especially "proficient in prescriptions and medicines". People call him a "magic doctor". He once compiled his rich medical experience into a medical book called Qingnangjing, but it failed to be handed down.

Hua tuo's medical skill is superb. He pioneered general anesthesia surgery and was called "the originator of surgery" by later generations. He is not only proficient in prescription science, but also admirable in acupuncture. Every time he uses moxibustion, as long as he takes one or two acupoints and moxibustion for seven or eight times, he will get well.

8. Qian Yi

Qian Yi, the word Zhongyang. His ancestral home was Qiantang, Zhejiang, and his grandfather moved north, so he was born in Yunzhou, Dongping (now Yuncheng County, Shandong Province). Born in the first year of Ming Dow in the Song Dynasty (A.D. 1032), he died in Zhenghe three years (A.D.113).

Qian Yi's life, the most prominent place in academic research, is "forty years of undivided attention".

Qian Yi, the first famous pediatrician in the medical history of China, wrote the Prescription of Pediatric Medicine, which is the first existing monograph on pediatrics in China. The dialectical treatment of children was systematically summarized for the first time, which made pediatrics develop into an independent discipline. Later generations regarded it as a classic of pediatrics, and regarded Qian Yi as "the sage of pediatrics" and "the originator of pediatrics".

9. Zhu Zhenheng

Zhu Zhenheng, whose real name is Yan Xiu, lives in1231~1351. Jinhua (now Yiwu County, Zhejiang Province) was born in the Yuan Dynasty and lived in Danxi, so later generations called him Danxi Weng, also known as Zhu Danxi. I have been eager to learn since I was a child. Xu Qian, a disciple of Zhu, studied Neo-Confucianism and was proficient in Shirley. He didn't start studying medicine until he was forty. First he taught himself, and then he studied under Liu's disciples. Although Luo Zhi was a disciple of Hejian, he borrowed the knowledge of Zhang Congzheng and Li Dongyuan, so he awarded the books of Liu Hejian, Zhang Congzheng, Li Dongyuan and Wang Haizang to Danxi, which enabled Zhu Danxi to bypass the theories of famous scholars at that time and expand the scope of knowledge. In many years' clinical practice, Zhu created the famous theory of "Yang often has excess and Yin often lacks" and "Mutual Fire Theory", and put forward the syndrome differentiation and treatment of miscellaneous diseases of "Qi and blood stagnation", which contributed to the development of medical theory and the treatment of miscellaneous diseases and was known as one of the four famous doctors in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. He is the author of Ge Zhi Yu Lun, Fang Ju Opera, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Herbal Supplement. In addition, there are many books about Danxi, among which "Danxi Heart Method" and "Danxi Heart Method Attached" are the most representative, but they were not written by Danxi himself, but compiled by later generations according to Zhu's clinical experience.

10. Ye Shi Tian

Ye, whose real name is Gui, is also known as Shangguan old man. A native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, was born in the fifth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (A.D. 1666) and died in the tenth year of Qianlong (A.D. 1745).

Ye Shi Tian inherited less from his family. His grandfather's name was Zifan. When he was famous, his father's name was Yang Sheng. He was famous for his talent. They are all proficient in medical skills. During the day, he studied with the teacher and read the classics; In the evening, his father taught him "Huang Qi". Therefore, he searched and read all the books written by Su Wen, Nanjing and famous writers in Han, Tang and Song Dynasties since he was a child.

also

A Xu Yinzong

Xu Yinzong, a famous scholar, died in the second year of Liang Datong in the Southern Dynasties (536) and in the ninth year of Tang Wude (626) at the age of 90. Xu Shi is a native of Yixing, Changzhou (now Yixing, Jiangsu). He works in the Southern Dynasties. At first, he joined the army as a foreign soldier in Wang Xincai and served as a magistrate in Yixing. After Chen's death, he became an official in the Sui Dynasty and still served the emperor with medicine. In the first year of Tang Wude (6 18), he was awarded assistant minister of scattered riding.

Xu's medical skill is brilliant, he is good at pulse diagnosis and flexible in medication. In the 6th century AD, he treated Empress Chen with drug fumigation. At that time, the empress dowager was too ill to speak or take medicine. He put Huangqi Fangfeng decoction under the bed, which made the medicine smell like smoke, and it really worked. That night, the empress dowager could speak, so Yinzong was given the right of satrap.

Xu paid attention to pulse-taking, in order to explore the cause, and advocated that both diseases and drugs should be paid equal attention. It is not appropriate to throw miscellaneous drugs indiscriminately, but only use them blindly, hitting the root of the disease directly. Pulse diagnosis and medication in a lifetime are unique.

Second, Zhen Quan.

Zhen Quan was born in the seventh year of Liang Datong in the Southern Dynasties (54 1) and died in Fugou, Xuzhou (now Fugou, Henan) in the seventeenth year of Tang Zhenguan (643). Because of his mother's illness, he and his brother Zhen Liyan studied medical skills together, specializing in prescriptions, so he became a famous doctor. Zhenquan has a profound knowledge of acupuncture and is also good at treating diseases with medicine. I have been practicing medicine all my life, and there are many people alive: I worked as a secretary in the early days of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (58 1), and later resigned due to illness. Zhen Quantong's "Health Preservation" puts forward that expelling the old and absorbing the new can clear lung qi, which is an effective method to strengthen the body and prolong life. And advocate that diet doesn't have to be sweet. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, visited his home to investigate the medicinal properties and health preservation methods. See him in the morning and dress him with a longevity stick. At the end of that year.

Zhen Shi wrote many works in his life, including a volume of Tang Ming Characters. There are three volumes of acupuncture money, one volume of acupuncture prescription, one volume of pulse prescription, and four volumes of medicinal properties. These works have all been lost, and some of their contents can be found in works that have a certain influence on later generations, such as Prepare for Urgency, Prepare for a Thousand Daughters, Prepare for a Thousand Daughters, and Secrets of Foreign Taiwan Province.

Third, Zhen Liyan.

Zhen Liyan, the younger brother of Zhen Quan, was born in the 11th year of Liang Datong in the Southern Dynasty (545) and died in the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty (627 ~ 649). During the reign of Tang Wude (6 18 ~ 626), he was promoted to Tai Changcheng, who was famous for his medical skills with his younger brother Zhenquan. Li Yan has excellent medical skills, is proficient in materia medica, and is good at treating parasitic diseases. He has written seven volumes of Sound and Meaning of Materia Medica, three volumes of Medicinal Properties of Materia Medica, two volumes of Compendium of Materia Medica, and fifty volumes of Ancient and Modern Local Records, all of which have been lost, and some of the lost articles can still be found in Qian Jin Fang Yao and Wai Tai Ji. His ancient and modern records, such as the secret recipe of foreign Taiwan, introduced "quenching thirst and making urine sweet", which is the earliest record of diabetes in China.

Fourth, Sun Simiao.

vide supra

Five, a treasure

Zhang Baozi, whose real name is Lian, was born in Liyang (now Lintong, Shaanxi) in the Tang Dynasty and lived in the 6th century. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty (627 ~ 649), Bao was seventy years old and served as a satrap. At that time, Shimin in Li Taijing suffered from gas dysentery, and various doctors failed to cure him many times. So he wrote a letter to the doctor. Bao suffered from this disease, and he was fine after eating milk decoction, so he had to relieve this prescription. After Emperor Taizong took the medicine, dysentery was completely cured. Therefore, the treasure awarded three civil servants the title of "Hongqing", which is the highest title in the history of Chinese medicine.

Sixth, Cui Zhiti

Cui Zhiti was born in Yanling, Xuzhou (now Yanling, Henan) and in the Sui Dynasty. In the 11th year of Daye (6 15), he was located in the first year of Tang dynasty (685) and died at the age of 70. Cui Shi was born into an official family, and served as Sima, Langzhong and Hubu in Luozhou (now Henan). In the first year of Diao Lu (679), he was appointed to the Ministry of Commerce.

Cui Shi is good at Qi Huang and likes to engage in medical activities after politics. He is good at acupuncture, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and has many innovative prescriptions. His most famous works, such as Prescription for Steaming Moxibustion on Sick Bones, are included in the Tips of Outer Taiwan as a Picture of Steaming Moxibustion on Bones, that is, the moxibustion method passed down from generation to generation by Prime Minister Cui. His writings and documents are mainly found in ten volumes of Fang Yao Compilation, one volume of Bone Steaming Moxibustion Prescription and one volume of Zen Map, all of which have been lost, and their outlines can be found in the Secret of Outer Taiwan. There are also five volumes of Cui Zhiti and two volumes of Legislation.

Seven, Zhang Wenzhong.

Zhang Wenzhong was born in the Tang Dynasty. Wude died in Tang Dynasty in the third year (620). The Gregorian calendar is three years (700 years). Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan Province) was a native of Luo Yu in the Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Guangzhai (684), Wu Zetian was appointed as a physician, and later as a physician. Wen Zhongtong's medical theory, especially the study of wind and qi. He thinks that there are 124 kinds of wind and 80 kinds of gas. If you can't distinguish, it will delay the onset and lead to death. Although the treatment methods of qi disease and wind disease are basically the same, their human nature is different. Beriberi, head wind and upper qi often need continuous medication, while others are treated temporarily according to the incidence. People who suffer from ethos can get rid of serious illness in late spring, early summer and early autumn. Biography of Zhang WenzhongNo. 14 1, volume 19 1, Zhonghua Book Company 1975, first edition. At that time, Wu Zetian ordered him to compile The Famous Doctor, and ordered Lintai to supervise the compilation. Wen Zhong created 18 four-season uniforms and various light and heavy directions to show it. In addition, I have written three volumes of "Emergency Carry-on" and one volume of "Theory of Law and Image", all of which have been lost. Part of it can be found in The Secret of Foreign Taiwan Province.

Eight. Wei Xun

Wei Xun, Ci Zang, was born in the 18th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (644) and died in the 29th year of Kaiyuan (74 1). In the Tang Dynasty, Jingzhaofu (now Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province) was a Taoist priest with excellent medical skills. However, Shi Tian (684 ~ 690) was appointed as a physician, just as famous doctors Zhang Wenzhong and Li Qian at that time, and Zhang Wenzhong was appointed as Su Liangsi. In the year of Long 'an (707 ~ 7 10), Emperor Zhong Jing was appointed as Guangluqing, in charge of the imperial cuisine. He is old and will soon retire. He helps people with drugs, visits people and often takes a black dog with him. Xuanzong attached great importance to his skill and called him into an official position, but refused to accept it. He returned to his hometown and was honored as the king of medicine. Xuanzong gave him the title of drug king, and after his death, he was appointed to worship the drug king temple.

Nine, Wang Dao

Wang Dao was born in the 3rd year of Tang Dynasty (670) and died in the 14th year of Tianbao (755). His great-grandfather Wang Jue was the prime minister of Emperor Taizong. When my grandfather worshipped Ji and my father was Mao, Wang Dao was the second son, my brother was Everbright and my secretary was a doctor. Tao has two sons, the eldest son Sui was the minister of Dali Temple, and the second son Li was the secretariat of Suzhou.

Wang Dao was sickly when he was young, but he fell in love with medical skills when he was old. His mother was ill for many years, and he felt that an unknown doctor could not be a dutiful son. He decided to study medicine. At the beginning of the 8th century, he worked in Hong Wen Museum (National Library of Tang Dynasty) for more than 20 years. During this period, he read thousands of ancient medical documents. All the books I read were picked up and recorded, and a lot of information was accumulated. During the Tianbao period (742 ~ 755), he was demoted to Fangling (now Hubei) for some reason, and then he started to defend Daning. When endemic diseases were prevalent, Wang recorded classics, personally applied prescriptions and treated many patients, and decided to compile a comprehensive collection of medical prescriptions. In the 11th year of Tianbao Yu (752), he wrote forty volumes of Secrets Outside Taiwan. His other book, A Brief Introduction to Famous Stations, has ten volumes, which is a simplified version of The Secrets of Foreign Taiwan Province. Unfortunately, it has disappeared.

X. Jian Zhen

Jian Zhen, whose common name is Chunyu, was a Buddhist master in the Tang Dynasty. Born in the fourth year of Tang Dynasty (688), he died in the second year of Guangde (764).

Jian Zhen was originally from Guangling Jiangyang (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and his family was poor in his childhood. In the first year of Chang 'an (70 1) 14 years old, he became a monk with his father in Dayun Temple (later renamed Xing Xing Temple) in Yangzhou, and in the first year of Shenlong in Tang Zhongzong (705), he got a bodhisattva amulet from a Taoist monk. In the early years of Jinglong (708), he went to Luoyang and Chang 'an with his teacher and was taught by famous teachers. When he returned to Yangzhou in the first year of Kaiyuan (7 13), he had become a monk and had profound attainments in Buddhism, and presided over the daming temple in Yangzhou.

In the 21st year of Tang Kaiyuan (733), Japan sent monks Rong Rui and Pu Zhao to study in China, and invited eminent monks to give lectures in Japan. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Jian Zhen accepted the invitations of Japanese predecessors. In the second year of Tianbao (743), Jian Zhen and his disciples Xiang Yan and Daoxing began to cross eastward. I crossed the ocean five times in ten years and experienced difficulties and obstacles, but all failed. After the fifth trip to the East failed, the 62-year-old master Jian Zhen lost his sight, his eldest disciple Xiang Yan died, and the Japanese monk who invited him died, but his ambition to travel to the East did not change. In the 12th year of Tang Tianbao (753), on November 15th, he led more than forty disciples to cross the sea for the sixth time. In the same year, he landed in Saqiu's wife, Upu (now Qiuyuepu, Kagoshima, south of Kyushu), passing through Taizaifu and Osaka, and entered the Japanese capital, Heichengjing (now Nara) the following year, which was greatly welcomed by Japanese monks and nuns.

Jian Zhen was the first Japanese master to go to to establish Buddhism. At that time, the Japanese weather emperor, empress, crown prince and other senior officials all accepted Jian Zhen's three-thirds and seven-certificate precept and converted to Buddhism. In the second year of Tang Dynasty (759, the third year of Tianpingbuzi in Japan), Jian Zhen founded Zhao Ti Temple in Nara and wrote Three Commandments, which was the beginning of Japanese printing.

Jian Zhen is proficient in medicine and materia medica. He brought the identification, processing, formulation, collection and application of traditional Chinese medicine to Japan to teach medicine and treat diseases enthusiastically. In the first year of Zhide (756, the eighth year of Tianping Shengbao), Jian Zhen and his disciple Farong cured Emperor Shengwu's illness. At that time, although Jian Zhen was blind, he could tell the authenticity of the drug through his mouth, nose and hands, so he was right. In the History of Japanese Medicine, the Japanese medical historian Fujikawa You pointed out: "Although there were many famous doctors in ancient Japan, only Jian Zhen and Dai Tian were honored as statues" (Fujikawa You, History of Japanese Medicine).

Jian Zhen died on May 6th, the second year of Tang Guangde (764, the seventh year of Baozi in Tian Ping). Buried in Shimonoseki, Yakuji, Japan, the tower stands in a cube with the words "Zhenda monk" engraved on the front. In the Japanese bibliography, there is a volume of Master Jian's secret recipe and some secret recipes, whose books have been lost for a long time, and the lost articles can be found in Medical Heart Prescription.

Xi。 Qin

Qin, of unknown nationality, lived in the 7th century A.D. and used to practice medicine with him. He is good at medical technology and acupuncture. At that time, Emperor Gaozong suffered from wind dizziness, and his head was heavy and dizzy. After Qin was diagnosed, it was thought that it was caused by the upwelling of the atmosphere, and slight bleeding in the head could be recovered. Then the emperor was furious when he heard that, and said, How can the son of heaven bleed on his head? This crime should be punished. Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong, believed that doctors should treat diseases according to their own diagnosis, so they shouldn't add any more crimes, and their heads were dizzy and unbearable, so bleeding might not be bad. Qin pricked his Baihui, carved points in his brain, and recovered from micro-bleeding. Then the emperor thanked him behind the scenes and gave him a prize. Gao Zongji fifth, Zhonghua Book Company first edition 1955).

Twelve, Yu Tomanin. Yuandan Gongbu

Yutuo Ma Ning. Gyu-thogrnying-Mayon-Tanmgon-Po was born in Dunlong, the western suburb of Lhasa in 708. Gina's medical family. His great-grandfather Luo Zhexining was the physician of Tibetan king Songzan Gambu, and his grandfather Zhai Jiejia Bazaar was the physician of Tibetan king Gongri Gongzan and Mansong Mangzan. According to legend, when Yuto was three years old, he studied Tibetan writing and bible reading with his father Joan Budojie. At the age of five, he was taught by his father "chemistry in Japan and Shandong" and "practicing medicine as a Buddhist". Yutuo Ma Ning. Yuan Dan Kampot showed extraordinary talent and was carefully educated by his father.

Under the influence of family education and medical family, Yutuo is diligent and studious, and has a very deep medical foundation since adolescence. Yutuo has a deep friendship with the imperial doctor and mainland doctor Tomatsuoka wa. Tomatsuoka wa has written his own medical books, such as gZa-bCos, Srog-giKhor- 1o, khyibcospu-griiKhor-lo, etc.

In his youth, Yutuo went to Tianzhu twice to study. The first study abroad lasted four years, and the second study tour lasted one year and eight months. After returning to Tubo, he treated patients and taught his disciples medical skills.

At the age of 38, Yu Tuo visited Tianzhu for the third time for four years and became a famous doctor. Especially before the famous doctor Wang Mei honored him, he listened to 600,000 medicines (gSo-dpyadbum-pa), medicine-replenishing mirror (rGyud-gSel-gyiMe-long), and the supplement of Yuewang Medical Clinic (Somaratsakha-skong) in banqin. Before Chandra Bizun, he accepted many medical works such as Drang-Srongxiyan-Brgyud and Yan-lagbrGyad-pa. Back to Tubo, practicing medicine and teaching, with outstanding achievements. Sanbao sealed three fiefs of Tata, Gong and Qiong, and built temples in Longgou, Gong, to train doctors, process medicinal materials, make medicines, practice medicine and treat diseases, and collect folk prescriptions. Later, he led his disciples to Wutai Mountain in mainland China to worship Buddha and seek medical treatment from Arca, a monk doctor, and listened to many special medical instructions, such as Bjor-Byfron-Ba and Byan-Hogden-Kerem.

At the age of forty-five, Yu Tuo, on the basis of early Tubo medicine, absorbed Chinese and Tianzhu medicine, and after more than twenty years' efforts, wrote the famous medical masterpiece Four Medical Codes.

Given Uto. Yuan Dan Kampot's outstanding achievements in Tibetan medicine were honored by the Tibetan people as "the sage of medicine" and "the king of medicine".

Thirteen. Bing Wang

Bing Wang, even number, even number again. Born in the first year of Tang Jingyun (7 10), he died in the twentieth year of Zhenyuan (805). His birthplace is unknown. Tang Baoying (762 ~ 763) was an official of the imperial court, and people called him Wang Taifu.

When Wang was young, he was good at learning how to grow old easily. He is very picky about taking students and studying medicine. He has a special liking for Huangdi Neijing, and once said, "Guo of Yu Xiansheng was in Zhaitang and was honored by Zhang Gong's secretary". From the ninth year of Tianbao (750) to the first year of Baoying (762), it lasted twelve years and was compiled into twenty-four volumes of Su Wen, 8 1 article. Wang has a lot of research on the theory of luck, and his theoretical views are contained in the Notes on the Seven Major Stories, which laid the foundation for the formation of the theory of luck in later generations. He also played the theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment, such as treating deficiency of Yuanyang, and advocated "benefiting the source of fire and eliminating stagnation of yin." To treat true yin failure, it is a famous saying in clinical treatment so far to put forward "strong water to control the day"

Wang also has a book called Zhu Xuan, which was lost in the Song Dynasty. Ten volumes of Zhu Xuan's Secret Language, three volumes of Zhaoming Yin Zhi, thirty volumes of Tianyuan Yushu and one volume of Yuanhe Ji Yongjing are masterpieces of later generations.

Fourteen Liu Yuxi

Liu Yuxi, named Meng De, was a famous writer, politician and physician in the Tang Dynasty. Born in the seventh year of Tang Dali (772) and died in the second year of Huichang (842). His ancestral home is Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Because he is a guest of the prince, he is called Liu Bin.

Yuxi was sickly since childhood and often took medicine prescribed by doctors. Have rich knowledge of medicine. Thirty years of perseverance makes a good doctor. Treating diseases with medicine, emphasizing practical results, not sticking to ancient laws, putting forward the preventive thought of "treating diseases before they happen, attacking after they happen", making good use of single prescription to treat diseases, and attaching importance to collecting and sorting out folk medicine experience. He participated in the compilation of Compendium of Materia Medica and Classic Prescriptions, and wrote two volumes of Fang Chuanxin, including more than 50 articles such as Ten Prescriptions and Folk Experience Prescriptions given to him by Xue Jinghui when he was in Lianzhou. Because both sides have their own evidence, it was named Chuancong. Its content involves all clinical disciplines, and also includes the content of first aid. Drug treatment is simple, convenient and cheap.

Fifteen, praise

Zanyin was born in Chengdu (now Chengdu, Sichuan) in Tang Dynasty. He was born in the 13th year of Tang Zhenyuan (797) and died in the 13th year of Dazhong (859). Zane is good at obstetrics and is familiar with pharmacology. In the mid-Tang Dynasty (847 ~ 852), he told his predecessors about menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth.

In addition, Zanjia also has a lot of research on taking health care and diet. Many of his dietotherapy prescriptions are easy to obtain, cheap and effective, and he has written three volumes, Daoyang Prescription and Medical Mind Supervision, which still exist today.

Sixteen, Gambozong

Gambozong was born in life is unknown in the Tang Dynasty. He has compiled seven volumes of Biography of Famous Doctors. This book collects biographies of 120 famous doctors from Huang San to Tang Dynasty. It is the earliest monograph on biographies of medical figures in China, and was later called Biography of Famous Doctors or Record of Famous Doctors. In the Song Dynasty, when Xu Shen Zhai increased the number of characters in this book to the Five Dynasties, it was named "Famous Doctors Exploring the Original Map", which is a medical history biography with stories, pictures and praises. Unfortunately, the original book has long been lost, and some of its contents are scattered in Qiu Meng, a famous doctor in the Song Dynasty.

17. Li Xun

Li Xun, whose real name is Derun, was born in Zizhou (now Santai, Sichuan) in the five dynasties, and was born in the ninth and tenth centuries. Li Zhuzu borrowed Persia, and his ancestor came to China in the Sui Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, the Sui State changed its surname to Li, and settled in Zizhou, Sichuan during the Anshi Rebellion, so it was called Sichuan Persians. Li Xun's brother and sister can take three exams, and Xun is the eldest brother. His sister Li Shunxian is Wang Yanzhaoyi, the king of Shu. His younger brother Li Da's name is Yan Yi, and people call him Li Silang. He likes traveling and takes good care of his health. He is particularly interested in refining Dan medicine, regardless of family property. He used to be Wang Yan's prince.

Li Xun has rich knowledge of pharmacy. He has been to Lingnan, enjoyed the scenery in the south, and knows a lot of drugs imported from abroad. Materia Medica of Haiyao consists of six volumes, featuring references to Haiyao literature. According to the statistics of the existing lost articles, the book contains 124 drugs, of which 96 drugs are marked with foreign origin. Such as: benzoin, pears out of Persia, borneol out of France, and gold tablets out of grain countries. In addition, the book also describes the dosage form, authenticity, advantages and disadvantages, taste, indications, attached prescriptions, administration methods, pharmaceutical methods, taboos, fear of evil and so on. Some articles also contain explanations of drug names. Pittosporum bark, Tenjikukatsura and Myrrha included in the book were not included in other herbal works at that time. The original book was lost in the Southern Song Dynasty, and its contents are scattered in the works such as Administration Materia Medica and Compendium of Materia Medica.

18. Han Baosheng

Han Baosheng, five generations under one roof, was born in Shu (present-day Sichuan). He lived in the tenth century, and there is no historical record about his life. Meng Changjun (934 ~ 965), the ruler of the post-Shu Dynasty, served as a bachelor of Hanlin, majoring in materia medica. He and other doctors studied the morphology and efficacy of drugs in detail. On the basis of the newly revised Materia Medica, he consulted, supplemented, annotated and revised a variety of materia medica documents, and compiled the "Shu Hail Guangyinggong Materia Medica", which is called "Shu Materia Medica" for short, with a total of 20 volumes * * *, with illustrations, prefaced by Meng Chang and published in the world.

The content of Shu Ben Cao is more detailed than the newly revised Ben Cao. Unfortunately, the original book was lost, and most of its articles were collected by Tang Shenwei's "Zheng Ben Cao" and Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" in the Song Dynasty, which had a certain influence in history.