It is a very common endocrine disease in clinic. It refers to a series of hypermetabolic syndrome, symptoms of hyperexcitability and ocular symptoms of nervous system, circulatory system, digestive system and cardiovascular system caused by excessive secretion of thyroid hormone or elevated levels of thyroid hormone (T3, T4) in blood for various reasons. Palpitation, tachycardia, fear of heat, hyperhidrosis, overeating, emaciation, weight loss, fatigue, irritability, impatience, insomnia, inattention, exophthalmos, trembling hands and tongue, goiter or enlargement, menstrual disorder or even amenorrhea in women, impotence or breast development in men, etc. Goiter is symmetrical, and some patients are asymmetrical. Goiter or enlargement will move up and down with swallowing, and some patients with hyperthyroidism have thyroid nodules. 1. Patients with nervous system are easily excited and neurotic. When the tongue and the second-hand flat hand stretch forward, there are slight tremors, talkativeness, insomnia, nervousness, inattention, anxiety, irritability and paranoia. Sometimes they have hallucinations, even sub-mania, but there are also people who are silent and depressed. The tendon reflex is active and the reflex time is shortened. Second, patients with hypermetabolic syndrome are afraid of heat, sweat, low fever, high fever in crisis, palpitation and pulse, which have obvious hyperthyroidism, but lose weight and fatigue. Third, goiter is diffuse symmetric enlargement, a few asymmetric, or obvious enlargement. At the same time, thyroid blood flow increases, and vascular murmurs and tremors can be heard outside the upper and lower lobes, especially in the upper gland. This sign is characteristic and of great significance to diagnosis. Four, eye signs are divided into invasive exophthalmos and non-invasive exophthalmos. The latter is also called benign exophthalmos. The patient's eyeball is prominent, and his eyes stare or show frightened eyes; The former is called malignant exophthalmos and can be transformed from benign exophthalmos. Patients with malignant exophthalmos often have photophobia, tears, diplopia, decreased vision, eye swelling and pain, tingling, foreign body sensation and so on. Because the eyeball is highly prominent, you can't close your eyes, and the conjunctiva and cornea are exposed, causing congestion, edema and corneal ulceration. , even blind. Some patients with hyperthyroidism have no ocular symptoms or the symptoms are not obvious. 5. The chief complaint of cardiovascular system with palpitation, shortness of breath and slight activity is obviously aggravated. Tachycardia (multi-sinus), arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, dilated and congestive heart failure often occur, and serious cases are arrhythmia, dilated heart and heart failure, and sudden ventricular fibrillation is also reported. Sixth, the digestive system has excessive appetite, but the weight is obviously reduced. Both often suggest the possibility of this disease or diabetes. Excessive thyroid hormone can stimulate intestinal peristalsis, increase the number of stools, and sometimes lead to fatty dysentery due to fat malabsorption. Thyroid hormone also has a direct toxic effect on the liver, leading to hepatomegaly, BSP retention and GPT increase. Seven, blood and hematopoietic system The total number of white blood cells around this disease is low, the percentage and absolute value of lymphocytes and monocytes increase, the life span of platelets is short, and sometimes purpura can occur. Due to increased consumption, malnutrition and iron utilization disorders can lead to anemia. Eight, the motor system is mainly manifested as muscle weakness, and a few hyperthyroidism myopathy can be seen. Nine, the reproductive system of women's menstrual flow decreased, the cycle extended, and even amenorrhea. But some patients can get pregnant and have children. Men have more impotence. Ten, a small number of patients with skin and limb end is a typical symmetrical myxoedema, but not hypothyroidism, more common in the lower leg and tibia, and sometimes in the dorsum of the foot and knees, upper limbs and head. Skin lesions are dark red at first, flaky or nodular after skin thickness, and finally dendritic, which may be accompanied by secondary infection and pigmentation. In a few patients, the soft tissue at the fingertip swells like a rod, new bone is formed under the periosteum of metacarpophalangeal bone, and the adjacent free edge of finger or toenail is separated from the nail bed, which is called fingertip thickening. Xi。 Excessive secretion of thyroid hormone in endocrine system not only affects gonadal function, but also makes adrenal cortex function active in the early stage of the disease, while in severe patients (such as crisis), its function is relatively reduced or even incomplete; The secretion of ACTH in pituitary gland is increased, and the plasma cortisol concentration is normal, but its clearance rate is accelerated, indicating that its transport and utilization are accelerated. Eye changes caused by hyperthyroidism.