Skin is divided into epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat. The outermost layer of epidermis is stratum corneum. Because of the water absorption and barrier function of the stratum corneum itself, and the natural moisturizing factors such as amino acids, lactate and sugar contained in the stratum corneum, the stratum corneum maintains a certain water content and keeps the skin moist. The appearance of skin is related to the moisture content of stratum corneum. Normal stratum corneum usually contains 10%-30% moisture to maintain skin softness and elasticity. However, with the increase of age, the water content of stratum corneum will gradually decrease. When the water content of stratum corneum is lower than 10%, the skin will be dry, tight, rough and desquamated.
So what are the reasons for skin moisture loss, dry skin and loss of luster? Generally speaking, the internal and external conditions that cause the natural moisturizing structure of the skin to lose balance mainly include:
With the growth of age and skin aging, its moisturizing function and barrier function gradually weaken, and the content of natural moisturizing factors decreases;
● Dry and cold climate with low humidity, such as autumn and winter;
● Some skin diseases, such as psoriasis and ichthyosis;
● Environmental and chemical factors, such as detergents such as washing powder, soap and detergent, organic solvents such as alcohol, and long-term air conditioning environment;
● Eating and sleeping habits, such as partial eclipse, drinking less water, insomnia, etc.
● Dry skin.
Because the skin is in direct contact with the external environment all the time, if it is not protected, it will lack water more or less, which will directly affect the appearance of the skin. At this time, in addition to ensuring a normal and healthy diet, protein and vitamin supplements, trying to avoid the influence of external adverse factors and actively treating skin diseases, appropriate moisturizing cosmetics should also be used as needed.
Seven laws of rejecting drying
In winter, although people like to take hot baths. But the water temperature that is beneficial to the skin is warm water, because hot water will completely wash off the natural oil on the skin, and this natural oil is much more effective than using skin care products to relieve dryness after bathing.
● Generally, bathing in winter should not exceed 15 minutes.
● If you must take a hot bath, use a bath or mild soap as much as possible. After bathing, emollients should be applied to all parts of the body when the skin is not completely dry. Doing so helps the moisturizing ingredients penetrate into the upper layer of the skin.
● When men shave in winter, it is best not to use shaving cream, but to use shampoo instead.
● For those parts of the body that are prone to chapping, it is best to use strong skin care products, such as vaseline. Different from ordinary skin care products, vaseline can "seal" the skin and reduce the evaporation of water, which is very effective in protecting dry skin.
● Use some hand cream that can keep moisture after washing or washing hands.
● At home, there are more exposed places than outdoors. Using humidifier is a good way to solve dry skin.
There are many skin problems in winter.
Skin itches easily, chapped hands and feet, and frostbite will come to you.
When the northwest wind blows, people's skin will be greatly reduced because of the drop in temperature. Whether it is overt sweating or covert sweating, the secretion of sebaceous glands, the lubricant of human skin, will also be greatly reduced. Most people's skin will be dry except babies. At this time, some common skin diseases in winter began to wreak havoc in some people. Many people, especially the elderly, complain that the skin is itchy, dry, scaly and itchy. Going to the hospital for dermatological treatment is often diagnosed as winter itching or seborrheic eczema.
So, why are some people's skin particularly dry in winter? Dry skin is related to skin dehydration, and insufficient skin moisture is related to skin's natural sebum. The lipid on the skin surface is like a coat, which prevents the skin from evaporation and keeps the skin moist. The skin of the elderly is thinner, and the lipid on the surface is also reduced, so the skin naturally appears dry. The cold wind in winter will increase the loss of water and further disturb the lipid balance of epidermis, so drying is inevitable.
Itching skin: dry skin is the culprit.
Primary skin pruritus is undoubtedly the most common skin disease in winter, which can occur in men, women and children, but it is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, especially the elderly. The patient will itch all over. During the day, due to external interference, they will be distracted and have no time to care about it. At night, the itching is unbearable, and the ants seem to climb all over the body, which is unbearable. If you eat some "hair", or drink wine and coffee, it will itch more. However, when the skin is examined, there is no primary rash, only secondary damage such as scratches, scabs or pigmentation caused by scratching can be seen, if it lasts for a long time. & gt
Question 2: My skin is very dry and there is a lot of white dandruff. What if basic nursing is not done well? If it is my face, I will wash my face with facial cleanser every morning and evening, apply some toner, and then apply cream or lotion. If it's my body, just apply some moisturizing cream on my body after taking a shower, so that my skin will be moisturized slowly and there will be no dandruff.
Question 3: What should I do if I have more dandruff? Dandruff has several conditions, which may be skin disease, too dry, or genetic. If you can stay moist for one day after applying the emulsion, it is generally not a skin disease. As long as you persist every day, take a bath every three days in winter, and don't use soap in the bath, the situation will be better.
If not, go to the hospital. It could be dermatitis.
If your parents have dandruff, it's hereditary. It is better to pay more attention.
I have some experience because I used to have dandruff. I hope I can help you!
Question 4: My skin will produce a lot of dandruff. What should I do? This is the problem of dry skin. Try double moisturizing body lotion. My mother's skin is dry. After using it, I said it was very comfortable, improved a lot, and moisturized better. As for your skin peeling, it should also be caused by excessive dryness.
Question 5: What should I do if I have a lot of dandruff, especially in winter? How can it be dry in winter? If you wash your hair often, too little scalp oil is particularly prone to dandruff.
Use a neutral shampoo and don't wash your hair often.
Question 6: What should I do if my body is always peeling? 50 points: Dry skin is probably caused by dry weather, overheated bath water and less skin oil secretion. In addition, the use of alkaline detergent or alkaline soap (such as sulfur soap and Shufujia) and too little vitamin supplement may lead to dry skin. You need to understand what caused you. Then give the countermeasures ~ ~
As for diet, it is mainly not to eat spicy food at ordinary times, but to eat more fruits and vegetables to supplement high-quality protein. Drink more water.
1, increase the intake of various vitamins. Vitamins play an important role in preventing skin aging and protecting skin tender and moist. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause skin elasticity to decrease and become rough; Without vitamin B2, the skin of the mouth and lips will dry and crack. Foods rich in vitamin A, such as animal liver, cod liver oil, lean meat, eggs and orange-red fruits and vegetables. Foods rich in vitamin B2, such as yeast, fish, eggs, beans, Monopterus albus, river crabs, etc. In addition, vitamin E has anti-cell membrane oxidation effect, so it has anti-aging effect on skin. Foods containing more vitamin E, such as sesame oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, Chinese cabbage, etc.
2, often eat foods containing collagen and elastin. Collagen can enrich cells, enrich skin and reduce wrinkles. So you can usually eat some food such as tendon, pigskin and chicken skin.
3. Increase the intake of trace elements. If you want delicate skin and rosy skin, you need adequate blood supply. Iron is one of the main components of heme in blood, so eat foods rich in iron, such as animal blood, egg yolk, meat and so on. The natural iron in food is a kind of high-priced iron, which has little solubility and cannot be directly absorbed. It can only be absorbed by gastrointestinal tract in acidic environment. Therefore, while supplementing iron, it is necessary to increase foods containing more vitamin C, such as tomatoes, green peppers and hawthorn. Zinc deficiency can make the skin dry and rough, easy to grow acne, and foods with more zinc such as oysters, malt, walnuts and melon seeds. In addition, pearls contain a variety of trace elements, amino acids and protein, which can improve the nutritional status of skin, increase the vitality of epidermal cells, make skin soft and clear, and slow down skin aging and wrinkling.
4. Pay attention to the intake of alkaline food. Reduce the intake of animal fat, meat and sweets in the diet. These physiological acidic foods will increase the contents of lactic acid and uric acid in body fluids and blood after oxidative decomposition in the body, making the skin rough and greasy. In order to neutralize the excess acidic substances in the body, we should eat more physiological alkaline foods, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, to improve the supporting power of the skin and make the skin smooth and moist.
5. Always pay attention to drinking water. The tender and moist degree of skin is closely related to its water content. When the water in the body is reduced, the skin will be dry and the secretion of sebaceous glands will be reduced, which will make the skin and liver lose elasticity and even wrinkle. Therefore, for the sake of skin fitness, we should insist on drinking proper amount of water every day.
In addition, usually pay attention to skin care:
1, choose the right skin care products.
The principle of choosing skin care products is based on skin properties, time and climate. For example, people with dry skin should choose skin care products suitable for dry skin, not for oily skin. Don't choose summer skin care products in autumn.
2. Daily skin care.
Use appropriate skin care products, insist on cleansing twice during the day, and use skin cream to supplement appropriate oil and moisture to make the skin clean and moist. Cleansing at night must be thorough. First, thoroughly clean the facial skin with warm water and facial cleanser, then further clean the skin with alcohol-free emulsion to replenish moisture, and then apply a layer of moisturizing night cream with strong permeability to the face thinly and evenly, and apply appropriate hot compress to let its nutrition penetrate into the deep skin.
3. Remove dead skin regularly.
In addition to daily skin care, every 1-2 weeks, use exfoliating cream to remove dead skin cells to make skin soft and clean.
The weather is dry, if you don't pay attention to moisturizing the skin, it will cause a lot of skin moisture loss, which is easy to form temporary wrinkles, that is, the increase of small wrinkles. Once small wrinkles appear, don't worry, as long as you keep a happy mood, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, take reasonable nutrition, eat more lean meat, milk, eggs and fresh fruits and vegetables in your daily diet, choose appropriate skin care products, insist on washing your face, promote facial blood circulation and improve skin nutrition, you can reduce small wrinkles.
Diet: Eat more alkaline food and less acidic food.
When the weather is dry, drink plenty of water at ordinary times to replenish the water loss of the body and skin. In addition, a reasonable diet can improve your physique and delay aging. Because human body fluids are weakly alkaline, we should eat more alkaline foods, such as vegetables, fruits, bean products, milk and so on. Can make skin delicate and shiny. Pay attention to reducing acidic food ... >>
Question 7: There is a lot of dandruff on the skin. How to judge several signs of dry skin?
O After washing my face for about 1 hour, my face still feels tight, and there is no moist feeling when I touch it with my palm.
O the skin on the body is often dry, and peeling occurs in some places.
O itchy skin after bathing, especially under the ribs, limbs and back.
O When the facial skin is dry to a certain extent, "dry seborrheic dermatitis" will appear, which is characterized by erythema on the face and peeling skin around the mouth and nose, which is very itchy and uncomfortable.
These phenomena all indicate that the skin is "thirsty".
Causes of dry skin
1. With the increase of age, the level of estrogen in the body decreases, sebum secretion decreases, and the water retention capacity of the skin decreases, thus making the skin drier and drier.
2. The stratum corneum on the skin surface contains a "natural moisturizing factor", which determines the moisture content of the skin. Excessive use of skin care products will reduce the ability of skin to secrete oil, leading to dryness and water shortage.
3. The change of external climate will lead to abnormal secretion of sebaceous glands and sweat glands, rough skin surface and weakened resistance. After a long time, it may be habitually dry.
4, lack of sleep, fatigue, excessive weight loss and partial eclipse will cause considerable harm to the body, and blood circulation will also deteriorate. If the health is out of balance, the skin will be lifeless and prone to dryness and roughness.
5. Bathing with overheated water, using soap or detergent, or changes in female endocrine, such as decreased estrogen secretion after menopause, can also lead to dry skin. However, this is a short-term phenomenon and can be improved immediately.
O In addition, if the situation is not serious, go to the cosmetics store and ask the clerk to choose a unisex moisturizing cream for you. After washing your face, the effect is obvious. If the situation is serious, it may be a skin disease. It is recommended to see a doctor early.
I wish you a speedy recovery. I hope I can help you and give you a satisfaction.
Question 8: Why does my body have so much dandruff? How can I make dandruff disappear normally? This is caused by dry skin and insufficient water in winter. Appropriate protective measures can be taken, such as applying some lotion to the calf before going to bed every night to slow it down.