Losing weight means reducing excess fat in the body, that is, reducing the fat content in the body. The way the human body stores energy is to convert heat into fat and store it in the body, but long-term fat accumulation will have many negative effects on the body.

There are three main ways to reduce fat:

1, change lifestyle

First of all, we should control the diet, limit the total energy intake to 1000- 1500kcal/ day, reduce the fat intake, and the diet is rich in fruits, vegetables and dietary fiber; Taking lean meat and plant protein as protein sources, you need to chew slowly when eating, which can slow down the absorption of nutrients and control energy intake.

Second, exercise properly. During exercise, the utilization of fatty acids and glucose in muscle tissue is greatly increased, so that excess sugar can only be used for energy supply, but not converted into fat storage. At the same time, with the increase of energy consumption, the stored adipose tissue is "mobilized" to burn for energy, and the adipose cells in the body shrink, thus reducing the formation and accumulation of fat.

2. Drug therapy

Orlistat is the only OTC slimming drug approved in China at present, which has obvious fat-reducing effect, but its side effects are relatively large, which easily leads to anorexia and depression. The rebound rate is high after drug withdrawal.

3. Surgical therapy

Diet control, exercise therapy or drug therapy sometimes fail to achieve the ideal weight loss effect. Surgical treatment is a long-term and stable way for obese patients to lose weight. According to the different principles of weight loss, weight loss surgery can be divided into three categories: (1) restrictive surgery, such as adjustable gastric banding and sleeve gastrectomy; (2) malabsorption surgery, such as laparoscopic cholangiopancreatography and duodenal bypass; (3) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, which not only limits the gastric capacity, but also leads to malabsorption.

There are more than 200,000 cases of bariatric surgery in the world every year, and more than 1 10,000 obese and diabetic patients in Europe and America benefit from the surgery, becoming the most commonly performed gastrointestinal surgery in the United States. Clinical studies have confirmed that 78% of diabetes mellitus is completely relieved and 87% of diabetes mellitus is partially relieved after bariatric surgery. More than 70% of hyperlipidemia has been alleviated; 6 1.7% hypertension was completely relieved and 78.5% was partially relieved; More than 80% of sleep apnea has been alleviated or improved.

At present, some domestic enterprises, inspired by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, are urgently developing endoscopic instruments which are similar to the principle of this operation but can realize non-invasive implantation. Gastric bypass stent system is one of them. Gastric bypass stent system is an innovative medical device, which can be taken out under gastroscope. It has the characteristics of minimally invasive, simple structure and convenient operation, and can be placed in about 15 minutes under ordinary endoscope. If this technology can be widely used in clinic, it can make up for the shortcomings of irreversible trauma caused by traditional surgery to the normal physiological structure of human body, and bring new treatment approaches to patients with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity ~