Wang Zhidao first, beauty, small and big. It is not feasible to do things, and it is not polite to know and make peace. "
Some people say: "The function of courtesy is that everything can be done properly. In the past, the wise king's method of governing the country was valuable here. No matter how big or small things are, they can be measured by politeness, with the aim of doing things well.
But if something doesn't work, we can't blindly seek power for the sake of seeking power, without certain rules and regulations to control it. (and: suitable, suitable benefits.
King: The former king. Here you are.
By: follow. Section 2: Restriction and moderation. )
(2) Confucius said: "If the Tao is political, it will be punished by punishment, and the people will avoid it." : Morality, courtesy, honesty and shame, and qualification. Confucius said, "If we use politics and law to educate and punish, ordinary people will only be temporarily free from sin, but they have no sense of shame.
Educate the people with morality and bind them with ethics. The people are not only ashamed, but also obedient. (Tao: the same as "guide", guide.
Politics: equivalent to the current administrative means. Qi: standardize and rectify.
Exemption: Exemption from crime and punishment. G: Please, it means surrender and yearning. )
(3) Confucius said: "Is it unkind to be polite? People are heartless, so what are you happy about? " Confucius said, "What's the use of keeping the ceremony without benevolence and righteousness?" If a person has no kindness, what is the use of rites and music? Confucius said, "I don't know his life, but I don't think he is a gentleman. "Don't understand the ceremony, you can't stand it. If you don't know what to say, you can't know people. "
Confucius said, "Don't be a gentleman if you don't know your destiny." You can't live in the world if you don't know manners; If you don't know how to distinguish people, it is impossible to understand others. "(5) YanYuan asked benevolence.
Confucius said, "Self-denial and courtesy are benevolence. A day of self-denial and self-denial, the world will return to benevolence.
You are benevolent, but others are benevolent? Yan Yuan asked what benevolence was. Confucius said: "Restrain yourself and make your words and deeds return to the scope allowed by traditional etiquette. This is benevolence." .
Once you can restrain yourself and make your words and deeds conform to etiquette, people all over the world will recognize you as a kind person. Xiuren is all for himself. Do you still depend on others? ⑥ Ask for appointment.
Confucius said, "Love." When asked about knowledge, Confucius said, "Know people."
Fan Chi asked what is benevolence. Confucius said, "Love also."
Ask again what wisdom is. Confucius said, "Be good at recognizing others."
All landowners Fan Chi failed to arrive. Confucius said, "If you complain, you can be straight."
Fan Chi still doesn't understand. Confucius said: "Putting honest people above evil people can make dishonest people upright.
(Wrong: Pass the "Measures". Location, location.
Waste: incorrect. (8) Confucius said: "A kind-hearted person should stand up and be a man, and he should realize it.
It can be said that the benevolent side has also been obtained. A benevolent person is a person who wants to achieve something, but also wants others to achieve something at the same time, hoping that everything will go well.
Being able to choose examples from things around you is also a way to practice benevolence. ⑨ Confucius said, "The knower is not confused, the benevolent is not worried, and the brave is not afraid."
(20 13) The wise are not confused, the wise are not worried, and the brave are not afraid. ⑩ Confucius said, "The knower enjoys water, while the benevolent enjoys Leshan.
Those who know move, those who are good are quiet. People who know are happy, and people who are kind live long. "
Love the water, a wise man, loves mountains. Wise people move, benevolent people are quiet. Wise people are happy, and benevolent people live long. "
⑾ Confucius said, "A benevolent person lives without harming benevolence, and dies without harming benevolence." A benevolent person with ambition does not hurt benevolence because he wants to survive, but only sacrifices his life to preserve benevolence.
2. (Our country also) Mencius (compulsory 3) Liang said: "Our country is also dedicated. If Hanoi is fierce, the people will move to Hedong and the millet will move to Hanoi; Hedong is also fierce.
People who observe the politics of neighboring countries have no intention like me. There are no more people in neighboring countries, and there are no more people in my country. Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the analogy of war.
Replenish drums, weapons company, abandon armor. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps.
What if the pot is too black? Said, "No, if you don't take a hundred steps, you will." "
He said, "If Wang knew this, there would be no hope of more people than those in neighboring countries." "If you don't go against the farming season, the valley can't take food; If you don't count, neither fish nor turtle can be eaten. Axe gold gets into the mountain in time, and mywood can't be used.
Valley and fish turtles can't fight for food, and wood and wood can't fight for it, which makes people lose their lives and have no regrets. Keeping in good health and dying without regret is the beginning of kingly way.
"Five acres of house, the tree to mulberry, fifty clothes. Chickens, dolphins and dogs are all domestic animals, so there is no time to waste. Seventy people can eat meat; A hundred acres of land, if you don't hurry, a family of several can be hungry; I sincerely hope that the godson of the cult will be filial, and the winners will not be on the road.
Seventy people eat meat, clothes and silk, and the Lebanese are neither hungry nor cold, but they are not kings and have nothing. "Dogs eat people don't know how to check, and I don't know how to send them when I'm hungry. When people die, they say,' It's not me, it's age. "
What's the difference between stabbing people and killing people, saying,' It's not me, it's a soldier'? The king is innocent, and the people in the world are heavy. "3. (Persuade to learn Xunzi) (Compulsory 3) The gentleman said: You can't learn.
Green is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice, water, but colder than water. Wood is straight in the rope and is considered as a wheel. Although it is violent, it is natural to let it stand still.
Therefore, the wood is straight by the rope, the gold is sharp, the gentleman is knowledgeable, and he saves himself every day, so he knows clearly without fault. (2005) I have been thinking all day that it is better to finish what I have learned in a short time.
I've tasted it and I'm looking forward to it. Let's go hiking. (2008) Climbing to the top, the arms are not lengthened, but the people you see are far away; Call with the wind, the sound does not add disease, but the listener is obvious.
Those who cheat horses are not good enough, but cause thousands of miles; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. The life of a gentleman is the same, and the goodness lies in personal leave.
Accumulated soil becomes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The water drops merged into the ocean and the dragon was born; Accumulate goodness into virtue, the gods are complacent, and the sacred heart is prepared. Therefore, you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; If you don't accumulate small streams, you won't be a river.
Leap, not ten steps; This is a great contribution to the success of Ma Xu. Perseverance, rotten wood can't be carved; Perseverance, the stone can be carved.
Earthworms do not have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink the yellow land with their hearts. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. It's not that the snake hole has no sustenance, it's also impetuous.
4. ("Chen Qingbiao" Li Mi) (Compulsory 5) Secretary's Secret Language: I will.
2. What ancient prose titles are helpful to improve the reading of ancient prose in senior high school? In fact, if reading only a few texts can improve the reading level of ancient Chinese, in my opinion, I am afraid it is biased.
But if you are eager to succeed, in my opinion, the following are the most appropriate:
1, Preface to Lanting Collection.
2,' persuasion'.
3,' Shi Shuo'
4. "Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong".
5. Selected Records of Ji Xiang
Preface to Lanting Collection is Wang Xizhi's masterpiece, which is first-class in both calligraphy and writing. Wang Xizhi himself also represents the spiritual outlook of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties. If you can read and understand thoroughly, you can meet ancient Chinese without damaging its meaning.
Persuasion is a famous work of Xunzi, among which epigrams are the most thought-provoking.
Han can be called a master of ancient Chinese prose, and the chapters in textbooks are one in a million.
Ten thoughts on admonishing Taizong represents the literature of the early Tang Dynasty and the literature of admonition. Its prose is parallel prose, but it is not artificial, and it is really a good product.
And "The Mystery of Jixiang" is Gui Youguang's work of looking at and thinking about people. The whole article is full of affection and makes people cry.
Some people may say that Teng's preface is good, but this film is a work for teenagers. Although the article is good, it is only limited to the age. Teenagers are articles, and it is inevitable that they are arrogant and flashy, among which emotions are mostly embarrassing.
3. What are the ancient Chinese texts in China's college entrance examination, and what is its scope? Reciting or ancient prose? If it is ancient prose, it is regular.
The first article focuses on the narrative of characters, basically saying what excellent qualities and wisdom this person has. In terms of examination questions, the interpretation of words, the translation of sentences and the judgment of function words are all compulsory.
The second article focuses on philosophy. There are also many itineraries and notes.
This focuses on the understanding of the full text and the grasp of the main idea. The topic is the understanding of some contexts, the understanding of the theme and so on, so it is more difficult.
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = If it is the range of recitation: 650 Li Bai's "Climbing the Mount Tianmu" (. Tao Yuanming's Drinking (Lesson 41 in the next semester of Senior Two) 5. Su Xun's Theory of Six Kingdoms (Lesson 32, First Term, Senior Three) 6. The last paragraph of Mutu's A Fang Gong Fu (Lesson 39, the first semester of Senior Three) 7. Bai Juyi's Pipa Xing (new textbook, lesson 26 in the next semester of Grade Three) (2) Ancient poetry and prose required to be recited in the new textbook, paragraph: 1, Lu You's Confession (lesson 34 in the last semester of Grade One) 2. Xin Qiji's "Never Meet Le Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia" 3. Qiu Jin's Wandering Meng Haoran's A Letter from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang (Lesson 42, the first semester of Senior One) 5. Wang Wei's The Flood by the River (Lesson 42, the first semester of Senior One) 6. Li Bai's Qingxi Tour (Lesson 42, First Term, Senior One) 7. Du Fu's One Night Abroad (Lesson 42, First Term, Senior One) 8. Wang Anshi's Flood by the River (Lesson 42 in the first semester of Senior One), Zhu's Boating (Lesson 42 in the first semester of Senior One) 10, Long Song Line (Han Yuefu) (Lesson 26 in the first semester of Senior One) 1 1, Liu Zhen's My Brother's Gift (High) Send Representative Li to Guan Jun, West China (Lesson 30 in the first semester of Senior One) 14, Li He's Toast (Lesson 30 in the first semester of Senior One) 15, Wang Ling's Summer Drought and Bitter Heat (Lesson 30 in the first semester of Senior One) 16, Zhang's Wine Kloc-0/9, Boarding Express Booth by Huang Tingjian (lesson 34 in the first semester of senior one) 20, Guan Shanyue by Lu You (lesson 34 in the first semester of senior one) 1000000000005 When is the bright moon? Lesson 36 in the first semester of senior one. Zhang Xiaoxiang's "Nian Nujiao Dongting Grass" (Class 36, Senior One) 23. Xin Qiji's "Magnolia is slow, poor today's month" (Lesson 36 last semester of Senior One) 24. Lu You's Autumn Night Reading is a Double Drum Festival Lu You's Winter Night Reading (Lesson 35 in the first semester of Senior Two) 26. Zhu's Goose Lake Temple and Lu Zishou (Lesson 35 in the first semester of Senior Two) 27. Zhu's My Topic (Lesson 35 in the first semester of Senior Two) 28. Meng Haoran's Night Watching Lushan Mountain (First semester of Senior Two) Climbing the Mountain in Nine Days by Du Mu (Lesson 36, the first semester of Senior Two) 32. Poems on History by Zuo Si (Lesson 41, the second semester of Senior Two) 33. Feeling by Zhang Jiuling (Lesson 41, the second semester of Senior Two) 34. Lin Bu. On Li Bai's "Nanjing on the Phoenix Terrace" (Lesson 38 last semester of Senior Three), page 36. Du Fu's "Climbing the Building" (Lesson 38, the first semester of Senior Three) 37. Li Shangyin's "Anding Tower" (Lesson 38, the first semester of Senior Three) 38. The Analects of Confucius (Lesson 28 last semester of Senior Three) 39. The second chapter of Mencius (the first semester of senior high school) is divided into four paragraphs (lesson 29 of the first semester of senior high school) 4 1, the first and second paragraphs of Xue Ji (lesson 32 of the first semester of senior high school) 42, Qu Yuan mourns his country (lesson 29 of the first semester of senior high school) 43, and the key sentences in the last three paragraphs of Jia Yi on Qin. Wei Zhi's Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong (Lesson 31 in the second semester of Senior Two) 46, Han Yu's Preface to Sending Dong Shaonan to Hebei (Lesson 27 in the second semester of Senior Two) 47, Su Shi's Shi Zhongshan (Lesson 38 in the first semester of Senior Two) 48, Wang Anshi's First Paragraph (Lesson 37 in the first semester of Senior Two). Su Shi's Qianchibi Fu (lesson 39 of the first semester of senior high school) 5 1, Su Shi's Qianchibi Fu (lesson 39 of the first semester of senior high school) 52, Su Zhe's Shangshu Mihan Taiwei Shu (lesson 28 of the second semester of senior high school) 53, and Xia Wanchun's Mu Shang Shu in prison (the last two paragraphs) Liang Qichao's Unfulfilled ambition (Lesson 29 in the next semester of senior high school) 58. A song [official] [upright] bid farewell to the pavilion. Cao Cao's Watching the Sea 2, Tao Yuanming's Drinking 3, Li Bai's Walking in the Dream on Tianmu Mountain 4, Bai Juyi's Walking on the Pipa 5, Tao Yuanming's Returning to the Garden, Tao Yuanming's Reading 7, Wu Junshu and Zhu 8, Han Yu's Teacher's Talk 9, Wen Tianxiang's Going South.
4. What are the test sites for classical Chinese in the college entrance examination? 1. The syllabus for reading classical Chinese requires that the examination contents and corresponding ability levels specified in the syllabus are as follows: 1. Understand B (1) Understand the meaning of common function words in classical Chinese (2) Understand the meaning and usage of common function words in classical Chinese: He, What, Hu, Nai, Qi, Qi.
(3) Understand the sentence patterns and usages different from modern Chinese: judgmental sentences, passive sentences, prepositional objects, component ellipsis and flexible use of parts of speech. (4) Understand and translate the sentences in the text. 2. Analyze and synthesize C (1) to filter the information in the text. 2. Summarize the main points and summarize the central meaning. 3. Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes in this paper. 2. explain the main points. 1: Understand the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese. Explain that "common content words in classical Chinese" refer to the meaning of ancient and modern Chinese words with high frequency of use. The content word 120 in the appendix of "Chinese Curriculum Standard for Ordinary Senior High Schools (Experiment)" is the main object of examination; According to the principle of "examination questions are outside the classroom and knowledge is outside the classroom", the key substantive words in the textbook are the focus of examination.
"Meaning in the text" refers to the meaning of notional words in classical Chinese in a specific context. Understanding the Meaning of Common Content Words in Classical Chinese not only examines the knowledge of content words in Classical Chinese, but also examines the ability to use this knowledge to solve practical problems. The main test sites involved include polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, interchangeable words, flexible use of parts of speech, compound words with partial meanings and other classical Chinese phenomena. Candidates should be able to make correct and reasonable inferences and explanations according to specific contexts.
Point 2: Understand the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese. This test center has two specific requirements: one is "common use" and the other is "meaning and usage in the text". The so-called "gong" refers to 18 commonly used function words in classical Chinese: er, he, Hu, Nai, Qi, Ye, Ruo, Suo, Wei, Yan, Ye, Yi, Cause, Yu, He, Zhe.
The so-called "meaning and usage in the text" refers to the grammatical functions such as the meaning (meaning) of function words and their parts of speech or components (usage) in sentences, and on the other hand, it refers to understanding the meaning and usage of function words in classical Chinese according to the specific context (meaning in the text), rather than relying on rote memorization. Although there is no separate test about this test center in the national volume of the new curriculum standard, having this ability is not only very helpful to dredge the meaning of the text and understand the article, but more importantly, to accurately translate sentences, so it can not be ignored.
Point 3: Understand the sentence patterns and usage points different from modern Chinese. Explain that the focus of this test center is "different from modern Chinese", indicating that the focus of this test center is the difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese. The examination syllabus clearly stipulates that it is necessary to master "sentence patterns different from modern Chinese", including sentence patterns in classical Chinese, such as judgmental sentences, passive sentences, prepositional objects and component ellipsis, and it is necessary to master "usage different from modern Chinese", that is, the flexible use of parts of speech in classical Chinese.
Although these classical Chinese sentence patterns are not specially set in the national volume of the new curriculum standard, they may be involved in sentence translation. Not only that, mastering these sentence patterns is also conducive to understanding the meaning; As for the flexible use of parts of speech, it may occur not only in the translation of sentences, but also in the examination of the understanding of the meaning of content words in classical Chinese. Point 4: Understanding and translating sentence points in the text This test center has two requirements: one is to correctly understand the meaning of sentences in the text, and the other is to translate classical Chinese sentences into modern Chinese.
"Understanding the sentence in the text" refers to reading the meaning of a sentence according to the context, and making an in-depth analysis of this sentence from the aspects of ideological content, expression effect and tone. Translating a sentence is to transform a classical Chinese sentence into a logical vernacular that conforms to the grammatical norms of modern Chinese on the basis of understanding, so as to achieve accurate meaning, orderly words and clear norms.
Accurate understanding and translation of classical Chinese sentences is the basis and key to reading classical Chinese, and we must attach great importance to it. Point five: filter the information in the article and explain the main points. This test center requires candidates to read articles purposefully.
The so-called "information in the text" generally refers to the language materials that reflect the characters' ideological character, personality temperament and behavior in the selected text. The so-called "screening" means that candidates are required to delimit intervals according to certain requirements or directions, identify and judge the language materials in the text from a certain angle, select the main information that meets the requirements, and remove the secondary and redundant information.
It requires two aspects: first, it can screen out sentences that meet the requirements of the topic, and second, it can distinguish the right and wrong information in the topic by comparing the materials. Point 6: summarize the main points of the content, summarize the central meaning and explain the main points. This test center examines the ability to further understand the materials and ideas of the article on the basis of screening information.
The so-called "content division" mainly includes the basic situation, main deeds, influence and evaluation of the characters, and the most important content is the deeds of the characters. The so-called "central meaning" refers to the spiritual quality and moral sentiment of the characters.
"Summarize the main points of content and summarize the central meaning" requires candidates to accurately understand the meaning of words and sentences, screen the main information through discrimination, grasp the main deeds of characters, and accurately summarize the spiritual quality and moral sentiments of characters accordingly. Point 7: Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes in the article. Explain that "the author's point of view and attitude in the text" refers to the attitude of the author of historical biography when describing a certain character.
This attitude or love-hate relationship of historical biography authors towards characters is generally implied in the narrative of the main deeds of characters. Therefore, "analyzing and summarizing the author's views and attitudes in the text" should first sort out and grasp the main deeds of the characters, then summarize the spiritual quality and moral sentiments of the characters, and finally judge the author's attitude towards the characters or love-hate relationship. It should be noted that "analyzing and summarizing the author's views and attitudes in the article" must be based on the premise of "summarizing the main points of the content and summarizing the central meaning". Therefore, the exams of these two test sites are generally inseparable.
5. How to learn the "seven-step method" of Chinese learning in high school Chinese reform, I think it may inspire you. The seven steps in this "seven-step method" are:
1, Reading: Reading the text is the first step in reviewing. Through reading, grasp the general idea of the full text and understand the author's mood, article characteristics and other knowledge points. Different types of texts need different reading methods: teaching reading texts requires intensive reading, mastering all knowledge points such as words, phrases, sentences and articles in an all-round way, and reciting wonderful paragraphs; Self-reading texts need extensive reading, and some need to skip reading in order to improve reading speed. Reading speed is also one of the items in the college entrance examination in recent years.
2. Draw a line: that is, while reading the text, draw out the key sentences, central sentences, famous sentences and even new words in the text with different symbols, which can not only deepen the impression, but also facilitate the review and consolidation, and be clear at a glance. When you meet a standard sentence, you might as well separate the sentence components, indicate the relationship in complex sentences, and summarize the typical paragraphs in different levels. If you encounter difficulties, you should also mark them so that you can consult your teachers and classmates in the future.
3. Check: What are you checking? Consult reference books. Dictionaries, dictionaries and reference materials should be used as reference books as much as possible. Finding the answer in person is a process of exploring learning methods and laws, and it is also a process of improving the ability to use reference books. For familiar sentences, we might as well look up the texts we have learned in the past and link the old and new knowledge so as to "review the old and learn the new". After analyzing and distinguishing the answers found, you can improve your understanding ability.
4. Q: "In a threesome, there must be a teacher." Problems will inevitably arise in the review process. Learn independently, and be good at consulting teachers and classmates if you can't solve them. Sometimes I ask a teacher a question, and the teacher will probably tell more than one question, asking relevant knowledge for you to master.
5. Write: As the saying goes, seeing is believing. Whether studying or taking exams, some students often make mistakes in commonly used words. Why? Is the lack of writing training. New words, new words and key sentences can be written repeatedly on the basis of understanding and memory. For example, some composition questions often seem easier to write than to write. You should write and write, too. Don't be arrogant.
6. Practice: Test your knowledge by doing exercises. To do the questions, we should make clear the purpose and intention of doing the questions, pay attention to induction and summary, find out the rules, learn from others' strengths, and enhance the ability to take exams. Do the problem consciously under the guidance of the teacher. We are opposed to "crowd tactics", but we can't talk about quality without doing a certain amount of exercises. Practice and then know the shortcomings, timely feedback and correction, in order to firmly grasp the knowledge and skills learned.
7. Think about it: the content of review can be consolidated by "thinking". You can organically connect knowledge points from point to surface, from whole to part, or vertically or horizontally to form a knowledge system and print it in your mind. When a knowledge point can't be remembered, it should be consolidated in time after searching. Time and space for thinking are limited. You can make full use of the time and space in class, after class and inside and outside the school. When you are at the end of your rope, you may enter the realm of "bright future" through association.
To learn classical Chinese, we must first hold the psychology of not being afraid, and never be afraid. In fact, classical Chinese is very simple. Think about it. In the past, our ancestors used this to communicate. We don't know how much higher our IQ is. There is no reason why we can't learn it well, is there?
You have to read the classical Chinese in the textbook many times before you can learn it. As for how many times "duo" is, it depends on your understanding of classical Chinese. Anyway, I have been reading it until you think you have a general understanding of the article. Then you can look at the real words and function words against the classical Chinese translation book, and remember them on the basis of mastering them. Because notional words and function words are the cells of classical Chinese. Only by mastering them can we learn classical Chinese well. And it is also a compulsory part of the college entrance examination.
After mastering the new words, you can learn the structure of classical Chinese. It is true that our ancestors made this thing so troublesome. It really is ... but I can't help it. Now that it all exists, we should accept it in its entirety. Classical Chinese sentence pattern is the skeleton of classical Chinese, and it is also the compulsory content of college entrance examination. Learning it well is of great help to you in learning classical Chinese. However, this is not very simple, so you have to spend a lot of time on it, hehe, you'd better be mentally prepared.
In fact, when you are in the third year of high school, or have experienced the college entrance examination, you will find that after studying classical Chinese for so long, you will only get the above two points in the end. Therefore, when reviewing, the focus is only on reviewing them. As for what Fang Fara's articles to use, where to look good, I basically don't take the exam, but write a few words at most. Moreover, Chinese dictation in college entrance examination generally does not dictate classical Chinese.
2
A good tutorial book, I think you Zhihong optimized the complete solution of classical Chinese in senior high school. Of course, the dictionary of common words in classical Chinese in the Commercial Press is also essential.
6. In the face of the college entrance examination, many students don't like or rarely read classical Chinese, so the "sense of language" of most students, that is, the intuitive perception of semantics and usage, is relatively shallow and dull. In the examination room, many students complained that they couldn't understand unfamiliar paragraphs when they met for the first time, so they had to muddle through the meaning of the text and even guess questions and answer questions.
If you can "read aloud" in the limited time before the exam, supplemented by "silent reading" in the examination room, it will be easy to "get into the question" and "solve the problem" when answering questions. Candidates might as well give it a try.
Read aloud before the exam.
In the limited days before the exam, if you can do a down-to-earth "reading aloud" again, you will certainly gain a lot. Because "reading" is not easy to be distracted-concentration is the best review effect; "Reading" is not easy to forget-unforgettable is the best state to grasp knowledge; "Reading" is easy to deepen understanding-accurate understanding is an important guarantee to win high marks; "Reading" is easy to inspire-the heart is the source of innovative ideas.
A few days before the exam, I "read through" the classical Chinese in Chinese books and various test papers, and reached the highest level of "synchronous translation". That is to say, reading in the mouth, translating in the brain, translating the sounds read in the mouth and the meanings understood in the heart.
Attach importance to the context of notional words in classical Chinese
In the process of reading aloud, we should grasp a core-the understanding of content words.
Every notional word has its most basic meaning, which is mostly within our understanding and grasp; But each notional word will show different meanings in different language environments. When we interpret the notional word, we often ignore or even forget the "context" of "this notional word"-this is the key point that we should always remind ourselves when reading aloud. If we leave the language environment of "this word" when answering questions, we will consciously or unconsciously get used to using the "basic meaning" of the content words to identify the content words on the test paper, thus causing serious deviation in our understanding of the content words.
When solving real words, we often make mistakes:
Word combination method-accustomed to thinking and explaining words with "word combination"; Fill in the blanks-throw away the words that need to be explained and just fill in a word according to the meaning of the context; Correspondence-only one disyllabic word is used to explain correspondence. These should be highly valued by candidates.
Silent reading in examination room improves reading quality
If there is a "warm-up" process of reading aloud before the exam, candidates will naturally enter a "silent reading" state in the examination room. "Silent reading" can promote the examinee to understand the meaning of the text accurately.
In the examination room "silent reading", candidates should have such two "consciousness":
Awareness of knowledge distribution. People who read classical Chinese in college entrance examination often cover more classical Chinese knowledge with limited questions, which can make the examination scope wider and the knowledge wider. The strategy of proposer's proposition is also our strategy of reviewing and examining questions, that is, the repetition of the same "knowledge points" in the same test paper may be minimal.
Grasp the consciousness as a whole. The translation of classical Chinese sentences needs to understand figures of speech, cultural significance, people, events and viewpoints. When the ancients expressed their thoughts, due to the political atmosphere, moral norms, cultural background, folk customs and other factors of the times, the author was infected with obvious space-time color when expressing his thoughts, which we should pay attention to when reading silently.