Liang Yusheng, the originator of the new martial arts, said that the new martial arts novels were carried forward by Jin Yong, reaching the peak and entering the elegant realm of pure literature; Then, this effort began in Liang Yusheng, which was earlier than Jin Yong, and Liang Yusheng became the "originator" of the new martial arts novels. Liang Yusheng, whose real name is Chen, 1922, is from Mengshan, Guangxi. He wrote poems and lyrics since childhood and received a good traditional education. During the period of 1943, a group of people took refuge in Mengshan. Jian Youwen, an expert in the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and Tsung i Jao, who is famous for his Dunhuang studies, poetry and calligraphy, live in his home. Liang Yusheng learned about history and literature from them, which is very instructive. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he studied international economics at Lingnan University in Guangzhou, settled in Hong Kong from 65438 to 0949, and worked in Ta Kung Pao. He usually loves to read martial arts novels and often pulls Zha to exchange ideas. 1952, a white crane faction with much thunder and little rain fought with Tai Chi. In order to rebuild its momentum and expand its distribution, the New Evening News invited the famous martial arts fan to write a serial novel, namely "Long Hudou Jinghua" at the beginning of the new martial arts novel. Because his prose is called Liang Huiru, and he has always loved White, he is called Liang Yusheng. Here we are at 1984, "Knife Seal", which means 32 years, 35 volumes, 160 volumes and100000 words. In addition to martial arts, Liang Yusheng also wrote essays, comments, essays, and chess scores under pen names such as Chen Lu, Feng Yuning, and Li Fu. He is the author of New Life in China's History, New Theory on Literature and Art, Random Talk on Ancient and Modern Times, etc. The achievement of Liang Yusheng and Jin Yong lies in the creation of a new generation of martial arts novels. The "new school" is not only their pretense, but also recognized by the society. Although the old martial arts novels are also in full swing, they have always been despised by the new literature and are always difficult to be elegant. At that time, newspapers that boasted elegance and newspapers that boasted big newspapers disdained publishing. The readers of Martial Arts are still short of intellectuals, but they are mainly "literati" at the lower level. At that time, the status of martial arts novels was like wandering artists. Although many people read them, they are still not worthy of respect. When Jin and Liang came out, the situation suddenly changed. Major newspapers also paid a lot of money for manuscripts and rushed to publish them. Readers also spread all over Hongkong, Taiwan Province, Singapore, Malaysia and other industries, creating a new century. Subsequently, the special study of martial arts novels gradually became a craze, which was even better than pure literature. Liang Yusheng is not only a great swordsman writer, but also a great swordsman critic. 1966, Liang Yusheng's On Jin Yong was published in Guang Hai Literature and Art, which was actually written by Liang Yusheng. He said: "Liang Yusheng is a celebrity with a strong flavor (Chinese style), while Jin Yong is a modern' foreign genius'. Liang Yusheng is deeply influenced by China's traditional culture (including poetry, novels, history, etc.). ), and Jin Yong's acceptance of Western literature and art (including movies) is even heavier. " This view is still influential today. 1977 gave a lecture on "Looking at chivalrous novels from a literary perspective" at the Singapore Writers Association, and put forward the view that "no weapons are inferior to chivalrous men". 1979, he met the famous mathematician Hua in Birmingham, England. Hua Lao had just finished reading Liang Yusheng's "The Jade Bow in the Sea of Clouds" at that time, so he proposed that martial arts novels were nothing more than "adult fairy tales" for Liang Yusheng. Liang Yusheng also joined the Chinese Writers Association, attended the Fourth Congress of the Chinese Writers Association and made a speech at the meeting. Voice for the status of martial arts novels. Someone once wrote a poem for Liang Yusheng: There are strange people in Jintian, and Xia Ying said that Yu Sheng was born. South chess is good, Dongpo loves others. The horizontal knife is a hundred mountains, and the sword light is. Don't have a career, the satellite is brighter. "Jintian" is Jintian Village of Taiping Rebellion, near his hometown Mengshan. The blur is the blur's record. Chess fan said that he was good at writing chess characters. Feelings outside the bamboo is taken from Su Dongpo's "Better live without bamboo than eat without meat", saying that Liang Yusheng loves to eat meat and fat meat, and "Returning the Sword" is taken from his "Returning the Sword", saying that he washed his hands and sealed his sword and stopped writing martial arts. "Don't have a future" said that he would write a historical novel about the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. As the founder of the new martial arts novels, most of Liang Yusheng's works are of high level, creating a new style of martial arts novels. Later, he moved to Australia and devoted himself to history, probably in order to carry forward this righteousness and raise it to a new level.

His works:

Bride with white hair Glacier Goddess Biography Glacier Wash Sword Record Ice Soul Cold Light Sword

The dragon and snake spread the Tang Ranger, and the fingers played Leifei Phoenix to hide the dragon.

The wind and thunder thundered against the sky, and the nine continents thundered against the sea.

Return to the sword, record the spirit flag of the magic sword, and huijian the devil sword cleans the dust silk.

The three women in Jianghu are absolutely banned, which is recorded in legend.

Dragon Bupleurum Bean Jinghua Fengyun Record Muye Meteor

The legend of female emperor Qi Ying, the legend of chivalrous man, and the legend of chivalrous man under the Great Wall of Tianshan Mountain with seven swords.

Wudang sword, scattered female, martial arts heroism

The old martial arts master returned the pearls to the landlord.

Zhu Huan landlord (1902- 196 1), whose real name is Li Shoumin, was originally named Li Shanji, and was renamed Li Hong after liberation. Sichuan longevity people. He grew up in Sichuan with high mountains and deep water, and traveled with his father since childhood. He once climbed Emei and Qingcheng Mountain and was deeply impressed by the great rivers and mountains. Although he only went to a private school, he has experience in Buddhism, Taoism and astrology. 17 years old, his father died and his family came down. 19 years old, moved to Tianjin with his mother, worked in Ta Kung Pao and worked as a tutor. When he was 23, he joined the army as an assistant. After marriage, he served as secretary of Tianjin Telephone Bureau, writing Peking Opera scripts. His first novel, the hoof of a wheel, was signed Huanzhugege, describing his running experience and teenage love, which was based on the poem "Huanzhugege with tears" in the poem Ode to a Woman by Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, martial arts novels were very popular in the north, and Li Shoumin himself wanted to write down the landscape figures he had experienced. 1930 or so, Tianjin Tianfeng Daily lacks a martial arts novel. Encouraged by others, he wrote day by day, and the title of Zhu Huan landlord began to ring. Because of this, his creative desire is high. Coupled with the pressure of life, he writes for eight newspapers at the same time at most. After he became addicted to cigarettes, he pointed to heaven and earth, talked with Kan Kan, and asked someone to record it, which was a beautiful article. After the Japanese invaders invaded North China, the Japanese asked him to co-organize a publication, but he refused. He was arrested and locked up for two months. After getting out of prison, life is very difficult. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Shanghai again. Mr. Lu from Zhengqi Bookstore advised him not to set foot in the political and military circles again, but to live and write manuscripts in Shanghai. Life can always be maintained. So I lived in the north of Shanghai Old Garbage Bridge and wrote 1948. After liberation, he wrote a public comment on the absurd novel of supernatural beings in the newspaper 1956. Later, he served as a member of the editorial board of Beijing Opera, wrote some plays and also wrote novels and plays. 1959 stroke, 196 1 died in March. The Landlord of Zhu Huan represents the grotesque school of martial arts in the Republic of China, which integrates myth, ambition, sword fairy and martial arts, deduces a very philosophical and artistic imagination, especially the magic weapons of sword fairy and fantasy, and shows the great spirit of wizards, which is an eternal wonder in China's novel world. It had a great influence on later martial arts writers, and almost no one could. For example, Taiwan Province martial arts master Gu Long once said that he was deeply influenced by the landlords in Zhu Huan. There are 37 kinds of martial arts novels in Zhu Huan. Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan and Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan are the representative works of Zhu Huan landlords. Taking this as the center, it constitutes a huge series of martial arts novels by Zhu Huan's landlord, including: Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan-Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan, Biography of the Swordsman of Shushan and Seven Dwarfs of Emei; Biography of the Swordsman in Shushan-Biography of Long Eyebrows, Hiding Liuhu Lake, Slaughtering Dragons in Beihai and Heroes in the Desert; Biography of swordsman in Shushan-Nineteen Heroes in Qingcheng Mountain, Seven Women in Wudang, Biography of Wudang Aliens, Biography of swordsman in Shushan-Biography of swordsman in Shushan, Frontier Hero, Cold Valley; Legend of the Swordsman in Shushan-Legend of the Wonder Man in the Sea of Clouds, Legend of the Wonder Man in the War Gorge, Legend of the Flying Man in Tianshan Mountain, Legend of the Wonder Man Begging for Wood, Legend of the Fourteen Chivalrous Men in the Qing Dynasty, Legend of the Hero Dilongzi, Legend of the Savage Hiding, Legend of the Woman's Night Pearl, Legend of the Alien in Gaolan, Legend of the Four Friends in Longshan, Legend of the One-handed Beggar, Legend of the Iron Flute and Legend of the Black Child.

Wen Ruian's

Master of martial arts novels in Hong Kong and Taiwan, Malaysian overseas Chinese, poet background, organized student movements while studying in the Chinese Department of Taiwan Province Provincial University, served his sentence in the political prison of Taiwan Province Province, and then went into exile in Southeast Asia and settled in Hong Kong. Wen Ruian takes "the literariness of martial arts novels" as his own responsibility, and his writing style is amazing. The representative works include "Who is a Hero" series.

His works:

Fang Zhenmei in the First World War of Chang 'an was a great man in the sky, wandering in rivers and lakes.

The Legend of Heroes and Knife Master

Poetry in the sword, biography of the emperor, short story, romantic style

Black fire, red electricity, lonely master, firm but gentle Yangtze River.

The rivers and lakes are picturesque and the blood is amazing.

Never mess with me. Karate skull drawing Bluetooth.

Heroes of Guangdong and Guangxi, green hair, troubled times, sentiment, sunset flag

Get on the horse at once, and the sword of the Seven Commanders will be sacrificed before them.

Madam, please borrow the sword of seven kills. Please start work later.

The leader of the dragon, who wants to kill Chu in the world.

Kill you, okay? Killing heartbeat.

Murderer, murderer, murderer, Tang chop, murderer, kindness.

Killing snow mountain and flying fox, sad little arrow, cold-blooded teenager, iron hand

Teenagers chase their lives by doctors, and China is invincible with stone fists.

Clean up the four famous arrests, fight tigers, fight zombies and catch the capital.

The four famous soldiers won the dream and smashed the knife. Typhoon Tang Fang World War I

There is hatred on the rooftop, and it snows all over the world.

Iron fist swallows fire, tender feelings one knife, Xijiang Yue.

Shao Xia Xiao Yao Chu Xue Qing health care master

Ye Meng's angry and heroic battle.

Master Gong's

Older people may be familiar with Gong, who was an China martial arts novelist who was active in 1930s and 1940s.

I've seen twelve-money darts, martial arts hegemony, stealing fists and bloody cold light swords.

"United darts" and other works. His martial arts novels are also known as one of the "Four Great Martial Arts Novels of the North School"

The other three are Zheng Zhengyin, Zhu Huan landlord (Li Shoumin) and Wang Dulu.

The first letter to Zhou Zuoren was signed by Zhou Shuren.

Gong, formerly known as Xing Dai, is a native of Dong 'e, Shandong Province, 1899. Bai was written by him specially for Wu.

Pen names in chivalrous novels. He grew up in the northeast and moved to Tianjin with his father after the Revolution of 1911. 19 18 was admitted to Beijing normal university.

University, because his father died and his family was poor, he was forced to drop out of school. In order to make a living, he worked as a peddler, a primary school teacher,

Postman, newspaper proofreader, etc. , sometimes wearing several hats, "one person does three people's work"? Gong said to him:

He likes literature very much, especially China's new literary works since the May 4th Movement. But his family is in trouble,

If you can't afford books, you will often take advantage of the opportunity of working in post offices, schools and newspapers to secretly read books or borrow books.

192 1 in early summer, he found the address of Zhou Zuoren, a famous writer at that time, from the newspaper and dared to give it to Zhou.

The writer wrote a letter. The content of the letter is simple. In addition to words of appreciation, it is more about seeking advice on novel creation.

Law. At the end of the letter, he also listed a long list of titles and begged the famous scholar to give him some books in time.

He studies and reads. Afterwards, he regretted being so rash and didn't expect anything from sending letters.

Hope. Unexpectedly, a week later, he actually received a reply, and then received the History of European Literature.

More than a dozen books, such as Dewey's lectures, also indicated that it was unnecessary to return them. Strangely, the signature at the end of the letter is not "Zhou Zuoren"

But "Zhou Shuren".

This is Mr. Lu Xun's first letter, "192 1 July 29th to wish the new".

I wrote one letter after another, but unfortunately I didn't ask to come, but closed my eyes.

Gong Baiyu doesn't know who Zhou Shuren is. Although he has read Mr. Lu Xun's novels,

Moreover, I have copied the Diary of a Madman word for word as a study sample, but I still don't know Zhou Shuren.

Is it Lu Xun? Gong has this letter and a dream book in his hand. This unexpected surprise made the palace

White couldn't believe his eyes. He doesn't know how Mr Zhou Shuren answered his letter.

Why send a dozen books to a complete stranger?

At that time, Gong was a postman, who often rode his bike around and got up early and went to work late.

Income is difficult to support the family. Besides, this job has nothing to do with his hobbies and ambitions. He came early.

I want to leave the post office and do what I like. He immediately wrote back to Zhou Shuren and had a heart-to-heart talk.

They talked about their anguish, their plans and their determination.

When the letter was sent, Gong felt that he was still unfinished. The next day he wrote another letter, indicating that he was determined to resign.

Continue to study in the original post and apply for higher normal schools. Attached to the letter are two short stories I wrote before, Li Donation.

Bureau "and" two copper coins ",please correct me. In the letter, I boldly asked if I could come to the door for advice and face to face.

Express gratitude.

After the two letters were sent, he stayed in front of the mailbox almost every day, hoping to get a reply ... Finally, two weeks later,

Gong received a second letter from Lu Xun. In addition to encouraging him to work hard and make progress, the letter pointed out again

It's for him. You don't have to return it He expressed his willingness to recommend his two novels to the supplement of Beiping Morning Post for publication. In addition,

You can receive him at home. So, he hurried to the west without prior agreement or phone call.

Mr Lu Xun went to his home in Badaowan, Zhimen, only to find a lock hanging at the door? Only gong

I left a note on the door to express my regards to Mr. Lu Xun.

Mr. Lu Xun pointed out the maze and recommended him to read the works of two authors.

A few days later, Gong received a third letter from Mr. Lu Xun, which did not blame him.

Gong was very moved and apologized for his vain trip.

After a while, Gong finally knocked on Mr. Lu Xun's study with a feeling of anxiety. exist

In front of his eyes, Mr. Lu Xun is not tall, especially a beard on his lips. He gave Risi a deep thought.

Lu Xun, who missed the night, bowed 90 degrees and said with trepidation, "I am just a pupil in front of you, I"

I came to listen to your teachings with pilgrimage-like piety. "Mr. Lu Xun lifted him up by hand and sat on a cane chair.

Then, he said with a smile, "I am not a saint, and there is no saint in China. Lu Xun is just a Ping named Lu Mingxun.

Ordinary people, just write some ordinary articles, very ordinary. "

During the conversation, Mr. Lu Xun asked about his life with concern. When Gong begged Mr. Lu Xun to speak several times

As for his own creative experience and understanding, Mr. Lu Xun said that there was nothing to talk about, just recommending and introducing him.

Shao Ye Shao Jun? Ye Shengtao and peanuts? Xu Dishan's novel says that Ye's "Ni Huanzhi" describes a primary school.

It is very true that teachers found a bright and painful course in the turbulent life at that time; A short story about peanuts

The Spider Weaving the Web is full of sympathy for the hard life of the working people, and both works are extraordinary. Mr Lu Xun

He also promised to find these two works for Gong to study hard and introduce him and these two works if possible.

Writers know each other.

Later, Lu Xun wrote to Gong several times, sent books to him, helped him revise the manuscript and sent it to various families.

Newspaper recommendation. Gong also wrote some new literary works. Later, he published a collection of essays "Gossip under the Lamp" and a collection of short stories.

A collection of novels, Pian Yu and My Heart.

Life forced me to write martial arts novels, but I succeeded by "boring words"

Just as Gong began to embark on the road of new literature with the encouragement of Mr. Lu Xun, he suffered setbacks one after another.

Repeated merciless blows wiped out his literary dreams. His mother, wife and children are on their way home to visit relatives.

It was robbed by soldiers and bandits, and then bombed by Japanese planes. Gong returned to Tianjin. At the right time, a family specializes in

A publishing house that publishes martial arts novels found him, asked him to write martial arts novels, and promised him a high salary. Gong forced.

In order to make a living, I reluctantly picked up a pen. He wrote in the preface of his autobiographical prose Word Handle: "Where is it?"

People always have to eat, so am I. ""What a person has done or is doing is not necessarily what he wants.

Meaning to do, this is the environment. The combination of environment and rice bowl forced me to write some boring words. "this

"Boring words", Gong refers to those in martial arts novels.

However, to Gong's surprise, his martial arts novels sold well again and again, which made him out of control.

Critics once wrote: "Gong's martial arts novels are as old as possible, but the author's attitude, thoughts,

Literature and technology are fresh and sound. ""It embodies an artistic charm far beyond the martial arts novel itself.

Force. "I'm afraid this is gong unexpected?

Although Gong wrote many best-selling martial arts novels, he always held strong remorse. He has repeatedly said:

"My attitude towards life is disgust, and my attitude towards creation is boredom." "I won't write a manuscript until I am extremely poor."

"These boring words can be published and sold, which is a disgrace to the literary world in North China today. I am not responsible. "

Gong deeply failed Mr. Lu Xun's ardent expectations of him. When he felt ashamed to see Lu Xun again, he automatically cut off his friendship.

Let's go

1939, Gong founded a Zhenghua primary school in Tianjin with a large amount of remuneration and served as the principal.

And personally teach students new literature. Later, he published a collection of autobiographical essays with his own funds, called "Talking about Handle".

This book is specially attached with the handwritten letters sent to him by Mr. Lu Xun, and there is also a poem on the title page:

Long song was furious,

Write Gao Jing incisively and vividly

Drunk by the fireside, nameless,

Just burning a feather under the sky.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he attended the first national conference of writers and artists and successively served as a writer in Tianjin.

Member, special editor of Tianjin People's Publishing House, librarian of Tianjin Literature and History Museum, etc. 1966 is dead.