According to an article in the British medical journal The Lancet, compared with the past 25 years, the average life expectancy in China has increased by 8.5 years, but there are regional differences. In the list of China's hometown of longevity, the southern region accounts for the vast majority.
According to the report, most of the top ten longevity maps in China are in the south. They are Hainan, Shanghai, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Henan and Sichuan. Besides living longer, there are more centenarians along the Yangtze River in the south. The report shows that China's centenarians are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Southeast Coast, Sichuan and Chongqing and the Central Plains. Long-lived elderly people generally live in low-middle hills and alluvial plains, where there is less industrial and noise pollution, dense vegetation and high content of negative oxygen ions in the air, which is beneficial to their health.
The average life expectancy of China people is 8.5 years higher than that of 1990, but there are regional differences. In 20 13 years, the average life expectancy in Shanghai ranks first in China, while that in some western regions is lower than the highest level in China 10 years. There is a high incidence of cardiovascular diseases in northern China, and the death rate of heart disease in Heilongjiang Province is three times higher than that in Zhejiang Province.
China Cardiovascular Disease Report 20 13 shows that the prevalence of hypertension in the north is much higher than that in the south, reaching more than 30%. The "2065 438+05 China Obesity Index" released on 2015128 also shows that compared with the south, there are more obese people in the north, with the obesity rate exceeding 35%, among which Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang rank among the top three in the country.
Experts believe that southerners live longer than northerners for several reasons.
Reason one: Southerners are shorter than northerners.
The length of life is closely related to genetic inheritance, and a healthy living environment is also related to the length of life. However, in the same working and living environment, generally speaking, the shorter the person, the longer his life span and the younger he looks. This is also the reason why the average life expectancy of southerners in China is longer.
Reason 2: The diet in the north is salty, while the diet in the south is light.
In life, diet is one of the most important reasons that affect life span. It can be said that in the north, in terms of salt in food, it is far higher than the national intake. Coupled with the cold weather in the north, the blood vessels of the body will be in a state of contraction for a long time, and such contraction will lead to an increase in blood pressure, which in turn will lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Southerners have a light diet. Although there is sugar in such a light diet, it is far more harmful than salty food through proper control.
Northerners have always attached great importance to taste in their diet, and they like foods with high salt and oil. I think that's enough. In the long run, there are more fat people in the north, and the winter climate in the north is cold, and the blood vessels around the human body tend to contract for a long time, which is easy to induce various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, so cardiovascular diseases in the north are relatively high. In addition, northerners love meat and eat less fruit. According to the report, eating meat can easily lead to excessive oil intake and increase the incidence of diseases such as colorectal cancer and hypertension.
Reason 3: Southerners eat carefully, while northerners don't pay much attention to it.
Northerners eat faster and like to gobble, while southerners chew more slowly. In fact, the stomach is a crushing mixer for our human body. Chewing slowly can prolong the residence time of food in the mouth, promote saliva secretion and digest food initially, thus reducing the burden on the stomach. Eating fast, if you don't chew food carefully, it is easy to damage the mucosa of digestive tract, produce chronic inflammation, and also cause the decline of gastric motility, which will cause digestive tract damage and even cancer over time.
Reason 4: Southerners love drinking tea, while northerners love drinking.
China Cardiovascular Disease Report 20 13 shows that the prevalence of hypertension in the north is much higher than that in the south, reaching more than 30%. The "2065 438+05 China Obesity Index" released on 2015128 also shows that compared with the south, there are more obese people in the north, with the obesity rate exceeding 35%, among which Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang rank among the top three in the country. Fan Huimin, chief physician of cardiac surgery in Shanghai Oriental Hospital, said that in Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Hainan and other areas with large longevity population, people's eating habits pay attention to nourishing nutrition, varieties and cooking methods, and prefer low-alcohol rice wine to alcohol. Moreover, South China is rich in vegetables, fruits, marine fish and seaweed products, which are beneficial to health and longevity.
Drinking a small amount of white wine in winter can not only promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, but also keep out the cold. However, excessive drinking will greatly increase the probability of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, and the negative impact of liquor is the most obvious. In contrast, the efficacy of tea is mild, and drinking more tea can adjust the pH of the human body.
When it comes to drinking, many people will say that the three northeastern provinces are the best in the country, and eating big meat and drinking spirits are the favorite things of northerners. Probably because of the weather, drinking in the north can keep warm. Moreover, the stronger the wine, the more northerners like it. It can be said that in the north, without a catty of alcohol, people are embarrassed to say that they are northerners. But behind eating big meat and drinking spirits, it often brings physical harm, because drinking spirits will greatly increase the incidence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.
Nowadays, alcohol is essential in the brewing process of liquor. It is common that long-term drinking will lead to an increasing concentration of alcohol in the blood. At the same time, alcohol in wine will harm the central nervous system, keep it excited and seriously damage the normal function of the nervous system. Drinking too much is also very harmful to the liver, which will lead to polyneuritis, myocardial lesions and brain lesions.
Reason 5: The smog in the north is serious.
In life, air is an important factor affecting health. Relatively speaking, the air in the south is better than that in the north, and the north of China is mostly a heavy industrial city. These heavy industrial areas have a pulling effect on the economy to a certain extent, but they also have potential harm, that is, environmental pollution.
In winter, smog has become a situation that people have to guard against. It's foggy outside in the morning. Haze is common in the north, but much less in the south.
A research report published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences said that air pollution shortened the average life expectancy of residents in northern China by 5.5 years and increased the incidence of lung cancer, heart disease and stroke. It is an indisputable fact that smog weather will do harm to human health. This has become common knowledge in meteorology and medicine, and has been confirmed by epidemiological investigation and some laboratory studies. The research shows that the hospitalization rate of respiratory diseases can be increased to 3. 1% with the increase of 10 μ g per cubic meter of PM2.5.
But personal healthy living habits may be more important. In addition, a good attitude is also one of the secrets of longevity. You can always overcome things and always keep a childlike innocence, which is like a panacea.
In a word, there are unexpected events in the sky, and people are doomed to misfortune. People's life expectancy is actually the same in the north and the south. If the maintenance is not good, drinking a lot of white wine and smoking a lot will do the greatest harm to your health and shorten your life. We should get rid of bad living habits, improve people's internal quality and prolong life.
For more exciting content, please pay attention to the official account of Caiye.com WeChat.