A brief history of the development of TCM health preservation 1 the suitable natural environment for human beings
Chinese medicine believes that the natural environment directly affects people's life span. "Su Xiang? The theory of political leaders of the five permanent members points out:? In one state, the spirit of biochemical life is different? High people live long, low people die. People living in mountainous areas with fresh air and cold climate live longer; People who live in low-lying areas with dirty air and hot climate are usually short. Don? Sun Simiao also mentioned:? The mountains are deep and solid, which is a good place. ? With mountains and water at the back, the climate is Gao Shuang, the land is fertile and the springs are beautiful. ? Good terrain, still living in peace? . Since ancient times, temples and palaces of monks and royalty have been built in scenic spots with mountains, islands and many trees. It shows that Chinese people have a unique understanding of the choice of ideal healthy environment.
Then, what conditions should human beings have to have a suitable natural environment? Based on the research of ancient and modern times, we should have the following points: clean and sufficient water, fresh air, abundant sunshine, good vegetation and quiet and beautiful landscape. This suitable natural environment should not only meet the basic material needs of human beings, but also adapt to the special psychological needs of human beings, and even coordinate with different nationalities and customs.
A brief history of the development of TCM health preservation II. Examples of adverse natural environmental factors.
Unfavorable geographical conditions
1. Abnormal distribution of chemical elements in the crust. Due to the lack or surplus of some trace elements in the geographical environment, endemic diseases can be caused, so endemic diseases are also called biogeochemical diseases. With obvious regional characteristics, Chinese medicine has long known the occurrence of endemic diseases such as multiple galls in mountainous areas and multiple miasma in Lingnan. This article will discuss different methods.
Generally speaking, with the change of topography, the chemical environment of the earth will also change. Trace elements closely related to human health have different distributions under different geographical conditions. Usually, mountain areas are prone to active element deficiency, such as endemic goiter caused by iodine deficiency, dental caries caused by fluoride deficiency, and low selenium is related to the occurrence of Keshan disease. Low-lying areas in the plain are prone to excessive active elements, such as skeletal fluorosis caused by excessive fluorine. In addition, according to the research, there is almost no strontium and calcium in the rock, soil and water in Kaschin-Beck disease area. The imbalance of calcium and strontium causes bone metabolism disorder, affects the growth of long bones, destroys the normal function of osteochondral, and thus produces diseases. The three most publicized endemic diseases in China (endemic goiter, Keshan disease and fluorosis) are closely related to the unfavorable geographical environment.
2. The harmful radioactive substances and minerals accumulated in some areas are also harmful to human body. Such as uranium ore and phosphate rock, if there is a strong radioactive level, it will lead to anemia, leukemia and cancer for local people. The progress of science has made human beings enter the industrial society, but excessive urbanization has also destroyed the ecological environment, the cultivated land area has dropped sharply, the forest coverage rate has gradually decreased, the grassland has been seriously degraded, soil erosion and climate deterioration have led to the decline of the overall environmental quality, including geographical conditions.
water pollution
Water pollution is also called water pollution. Natural water body can accept a certain amount of pollutants for self-purification and maintain the balance of water quality components, which is called water environmental capacity. Because human activities discharge pollutants into rivers, lakes, oceans, reservoirs or groundwater, the water quality, physical and chemical properties of sediments and biological populations change, which reduces the utilization value of water. This phenomenon is called water pollution.
People in China have always attached importance to the quality of water. It was Lu Yu in the Tang Dynasty who first divided the water quality into three levels: upper, middle and lower. He wrote in the Book of Tea: Making tea? Its water is used for mountains, rivers and wells? And said:? Better take people away from the river? . Modern research has proved that mountains and rivers contain less sodium and magnesium ions and are rarely polluted, so they are most suitable for drinking. River water is complicated, and well water has high salinity, so it is not an ideal drinking water. Especially the rivers near the city are often polluted by human factors. So what? Better take people away from the river. The viewpoint is correct. Ouyang Xiu's On Daming Water in Song Dynasty also clearly pointed out: River water? Water is mixed, so it is the second landscape? . As for well water, there are advantages and disadvantages. In the early Ming dynasty, Wang Ying's Medicinal Diet pointed out? Well water comes first where it is suitable for local veins, and then infiltrates from nearby rivers and lakes. The city near ditches is mixed with sewage to form alkali? But the well water is also polluted.
According to recent statistics, 27 of the 54 major rivers in China are polluted, and 4 1 groundwater sources in 44 cities are polluted. Some bays have also been polluted to varying degrees, causing huge economic losses. About 78 million tons of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage are discharged every day in China, accounting for 29.5 billion tons in the whole year, 90% of which are untreated.
Water pollution has many effects on human health. Human and animal feces and sewage containing pathogenic bacteria pollute water sources, which can cause the epidemic of intestinal infectious diseases. After the water body is polluted by toxic chemicals, people can suffer from acute and chronic poisoning or even death through drinking water and food chain. For example, Shuiwu disease is a central nervous system disease caused by long-term intake of fish shells rich in methylmercury. It is a public nuisance disease, named after it was first discovered in Yucun near Shuiwuwan in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. In addition, some pollutants will worsen the sensory characteristics of water quality and hinder the normal utilization of water sources; Or inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in water, affect the oxidative decomposition of organic matter in water, damage the natural self-purification ability of water source and destroy the sanitary condition of water source.
(3) Air pollution
Air pollution is caused by the discharge of non-intrinsic gases and particles into the atmosphere, which exceeds the normal composition of atmospheric components. When the self-purification ability of the atmosphere can not eliminate these pollutants, the air quality will be reduced, and it can be said that the atmosphere in this area has been polluted.
1, pollution source The main source of air pollution is the utilization of energy. For example, the burning of coal and oil emits a large number of five pollutants? Sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (nitrogen oxides), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter, including production pollution, traffic pollution and domestic pollution.
Harm to human health Air pollution is very harmful to human health. Including acute poisoning and chronic injury.
Acute poisoning is mainly seen in accidents. For example, the explosion of liquid chlorine cylinders leads to chlorine overflow, which can cause residents to die of acute poisoning. The frequent air pollution disasters in the world are mostly caused by the sudden deterioration of air quality, which has an acute impact on residents, leading to a sudden increase in the prevalence and mortality of certain diseases. The common characteristics of these disasters are: bad meteorological conditions (unfavorable temperature rise and fog) and unfavorable terrain (low-lying areas and canyons), which make pollutants accumulate in the air and cause a large number of people to get sick and die in a short time. Especially the elderly and the sick suffer the most. Chronic damage, mainly caused by low-concentration air pollution, has a long-term impact on the human body, causing chronic nonspecific diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, lung cancer and so on.
A brief history of the development of TCM health preservation III. Preventive health care measures
Ming? Li Shizhen pointed out in Compendium of Materia Medica:? People's health depends on water, but what can they choose? . Water, air and soil are all natural environments on which human beings depend. If you want to live in this land healthily, you must carefully choose the natural environment that suits you, and take effective health care and preventive measures to avoid the harmful factors in the natural environment from adversely affecting the human body.
(A) the choice of living environment
Try to avoid water sources and mineral deposits that are not conducive to human health, and avoid high-voltage lines, strong magnetic fields and places with ultrasound and radiation to build living quarters.
1. Reducing the intake of some harmful trace elements The fundamental measure to prevent endemic fluorosis and arsenic poisoning is to switch to drinking water sources with low fluorine and arsenic. Such as drilling deep wells, taking water from low fluorine or low arsenic formations or collecting natural precipitation for later use. If no suitable water source can be found in this area, the water quality should be treated to remove excessive fluorine or arsenic from the water.
2. Endemic diseases caused by the deficiency of some trace elements can be supplemented by appropriate methods, such as using iodized salt to prevent endemic goiter. In recent years, some people put ginger stone into drinking water in the high incidence area of esophageal cancer, and carried out the experiment of improving water to prevent cancer, and achieved remarkable results.
In addition, the prevention and control of endemic diseases should start from many aspects and adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures. The most fundamental method is to analyze the topographic features of this area, distinguish the favorable and unfavorable factors, choose a place with superior natural environment as the living area, and take corresponding protection measures.
(b) Social protection, integrated management
For the fact that the natural ecological environment is unbalanced and deteriorating. First of all, the government should strengthen the scientific research work of protecting the ecological environment, seek the road of coordinated development of economic construction and environmental protection, and avoid repeating the mistake of pollution first and then treatment in developed countries. Secondly, under the existing technical conditions in China, the more people, the higher density and the greater activities, the more sewage, waste gas and garbage are produced, and the more serious the ecological environment pollution is. Therefore, controlling population size is an important measure to reduce environmental pollution and improve environmental quality.
For drinking water hygiene, the focus is on governance? Three wastes? . From the aspects of rational planning, comprehensive utilization and purification. Personal protection can take some simple methods, such as boiling water to drink, and putting a proper amount of bleaching powder in the water tank of rural families can also achieve the purpose of disinfection.