Liang Ri: I also dedicate it to the country. If Hanoi is fierce, the people will move to Hedong and the millet will move to Hanoi; Hedong is also fierce. It is not my intention to inspect the politics of neighboring countries. There are not many people in neighboring countries, and there are not many people in our country. Why? Who?
Mencius said to Japan: Wang is belligerent, please use the metaphor of war to fill the drums, take weapons and abandon armored soldiers. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? God: No! Straight is not a hundred steps, but it is also a walk. Japan: If Wang knew this, there would be no hope for more people than neighboring countries.
If you don't go against the farming season, the grain can't beat the food, and if you don't enter the bay pool after a few pounds, the fish can't beat the food; Axe gold gets into the mountain in time, and mywood can't be used. Food and fish can't be eaten, wood can't be used, and people lose their lives without regrets. Keeping in good health and dying without regret is the beginning of kingly way.
Five acres of houses, trees are mulberry, and fifty people can wear clothes and silks. Chickens, dolphins and dogs are the most domestic animals, so there is no time to waste. Seventy people can eat meat. A hundred acres of land, if you don't hurry, a family of several can be hungry; I would like to itch the edict and apply it with filial piety. Those who win the prize can't bear to wear it on the road. Seventy people eat clothes, silk and meat, while Li people are neither hungry nor cold. However, those who are not kings are not there.
Dogs don't know what to do when they dance cannibalism, but hungry grass doesn't know what to do. One day after a person dies: "It's not me, it's also age." Why is it different from stabbing and killing people? Japan: "If it's not me, it's a soldier." Wang is innocent, and everyone is embarrassed. "
Liang said: I am loyal to my country! When there is a famine in the north of the Yellow River, the people there will be moved to the east of the Yellow River, and the grain from the east of the Yellow River will be transported to the north of the Yellow River. The same is true when there is a famine east of the Yellow River. No one looks at neighboring countries and sees people who are in charge like me. But there are not many people in neighboring countries, and neither are I. Why?
Mencius replied: Your Majesty likes fighting. Allow me to use the metaphor of fighting. When the drums are drummed, the weapon blades have collided, throwing armor and dragging the weapon to escape. Some people stop after running a hundred paces, while others stop after running fifty paces. How about running only fifty steps by yourself and laughing at others for running a hundred steps?
Hui Wang said: No. Just didn't escape to a hundred paces, this is also an escape! Mencius said: If your majesty knew this truth, he wouldn't have to expect the people in his own country to increase compared with those in neighboring countries.
Appreciation: Mencius is the most famous Confucian master after Confucius. The core of his theory is benevolence, that is, the practice of the so-called king. Its theoretical basis is people-oriented thought, which attaches importance to human survival. Therefore, Mencius hated the feudal princes for being heartless and brutally plundering the people.
When I was in the countryside, I made a bitter mockery of King Hui Liang, who thought himself a saint, and pointed out angrily that some feudal princes claimed to be the parents of the people, but in fact they led wild animals to eat people, which was the bane of the people.
Good use of metaphors and fables to reason, very clever argumentation skills, these are clearly reflected in this article. Use various methods to lure the enemy into submission, use broad and sharp words, sometimes sharp, like to use parallelism to fight, and use a pen to be aggressive.
The Core of Mencius Liang's Thought
Through the process of Mencius lobbying Qi Xuanwang to give up hegemony and practice kingliness, this paper systematically expounds Mencius' thought of benevolent governance. This article covers a wide range of topics, and the paragraphs are closely linked in one go. The momentum of Mencius' prose stems from his strong personality, his own opinions, unshakable beliefs and extensive knowledge. When he is energetic, he chooses the right words, so he speaks with confidence.
However, this paper is not only ups and downs, magnificent, but also very rigorous in logic. On the surface, it is sloppy. In fact, it has always been around the central argument of "protecting the people is king", and the level has been clearly deepened step by step. From Qi Xuanwang's unbearable heart, he deduced the basis of his kingly way, and then discussed that it was not that he could not be king, but that he could not be king.