The most common are aerobic exercise, strength training and flexibility exercise. Aerobic exercise is mainly to improve and enhance the aerobic working ability of human body. This kind of exercise includes walking (brisk walking, brisk walking, quantitative walking, walking on crutches and race walking), jogging (or fitness running), alternating walking and running, cycling, treadmill running, aerobic dance, aerobics and light ball games. Strength training is a kind of exercise with the main content of strengthening strength and bodybuilding. For example, the use of dumbbells, barbells, springs, rubber bands and other heavy objects or impedance methods is helpful for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Flexible exercise is the exercise of lengthening muscles and ligaments, supplemented by adjusting breathing rhythm, such as yoga, medical gymnastics and various health qigong. Whether it is a warm-up activity before aerobic exercise or strength exercise, or a finishing activity after exercise, stretching and flexibility are indispensable.

Another is functional exercise, which includes not only the above three elements, but also the exercise of body balance and coordination. It is an exercise designed according to different people's characteristics to solve the problem of joint and muscle function decline. It is used for stretching and relaxing the joints of spine and limbs, strength training of large muscle groups and small muscle groups, and joint activity training, such as radio exercises, rhythmic exercises and specially arranged gymnastics. Various aerobic activities, muscle strength exercises, and flexible joints.