Planting techniques of Cyclocarya paliurus
1 seed collection and seed treatment
In order to ensure the use of improved varieties in production, excellent mother trees should be selected before seed collection. A good mother tree should have the following conditions: rapid growth, straight and complete stem shape, symmetrical and complete crown shape, no pests and diseases, and a strong mother tree that can blossom and bear fruit normally for 20 ~ 40 years. The mature period of Cyclocarya paliurus fruit is from September to 65438+ 10. When the fruit turns from green to yellowish brown, seeds can be collected. Tap the branches with a pruning knife or bamboo pole and spread the cloth to collect the seeds. After the fruit is harvested, wipe off the fruit wings and put them in a ventilated place to dry. Cyclocarya paliurus seeds are often difficult to germinate, and the germination can last for 2 years in the nursery. In order to have a good germination rate that year, use 50~60 before sowing! Soak the seeds in warm soup, cool them, then soak them in clear water for 5-7 days, dry them in the shade and sow them. Soaking seeds with ABT6 rooting powder 50mg/kg solution for 4 hours can also improve the germination rate.
2 seedling raising
Compared with pure Cryptomeria fortunei forest, it has better ecological functions such as enriching soil, conserving water and improving microclimate in the forest. Star-shaped mixed Cyclocarya paliurus (3000 Cryptomeria fortunei /hm2 and 375 Cyclocarya paliurus /hm2) in 20-year-old Cryptomeria fortunei forest farm in lichuan county City, Jiangxi Province, with an average tree height 12? 1m，DBH 15？ 4cm, higher than the pure forest of Cyclocarya paliurus in the same period, with a growth of 2? 5%, the growth of DBH is 6? Cryptomeria fortunei grows well It can be seen that the star-shaped mixing of Cyclocarya paliurus and Cryptomeria fortunei can promote the growth of the stand to some extent. In order to reduce the pressure of Cryptomeria fortunei as much as possible, it is not suitable to mix trees or rows, but to mix Cyclocarya paliurus with Cryptomeria fortunei or Cunninghamia lanceolata in a small proportion, or to replant Cunninghamia lanceolata in the open space after two years of cutting, with the number of 225~300 trees /hm2, so as to form a star-shaped mixed forest of Cyclocarya paliurus and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Cryptomeria fortunei).
3 Tending management
Young Cyclocarya paliurus forest grows fast, and the mountain can be closed in 3 ~ 4 years. It should be raised continuously for 3 years, twice a year. When tending, replanting, miscellaneous irrigation, hole expansion and soil loosening should be done well, and fertilization can be applied where conditions permit.
4 Prevention and control of major pests and diseases
(1) Rhizoctonia solani. Also known as catapult. When the disease is serious, it will cause a large number of seedlings to die. The etiology, onset period and symptoms are also different, including cataplexy and cataplexy.
Prevention and control methods:? Do a good job of soil disinfection; % to strengthen the management of seedlings, timely drainage in rainy season, to prevent water accumulation; & Spray 0 every 7 days before onset? 5%~ 1% bordeaux solution for prevention; ? At the beginning, 500 parts of 70% Dixon powder aqueous solution were sprayed.
(2) the earth tiger. Larvae bite off the seedlings from the ground and drag them into the soil hole. When the damage is serious, it will do great harm to the seedlings.
Prevention and control methods:? During larval development, larvae can be captured or killed. % ground spraying with 50% phoxim EC 1000 times solution or 99% trichlorfon 800 times solution.
At present, no pests and diseases have been found in young trees and big trees.
Seedling raising time is winter or spring. Nursery land should choose mountainous farmland with sufficient water, convenient irrigation and drainage and short sunshine time. The soil layer of the nursery needs deep and fertile slightly acidic sandy loam or loam. Because the seeds of Cyclocarya paliurus are relatively small, seedlings are unearthed.
1 ~ 2 months later, the resistance is poor, and heavy rain, drought, strong light, high temperature, pests and diseases are easy to cause damage or death to seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to plow three plows and three harrows and carefully prepare the soil. When preparing soil, it is required to disinfect the soil, with ferrous sulfate 8kg/667m2 and pesticide 2kg/667m2. Dried vegetable cake 80kg/667m2, phosphate fertilizer 25kg/667m2, 2? 5~3kg/667m2 as base fertilizer. Drill, row spacing 25~30cm, sowing ditch depth 2cm, covering soil thickness about 1? 5cm, covered with straw, sowing amount 5kg/667m2. When the seedlings grow to 7~ 10cm, they should be thinned, and the plant spacing is 13~ 17cm. The seedling yield is about 10000 plants /667m2. 1a seedling height is 40~50cm. According to the specific situation, 1~2a seedlings are adopted for afforestation.
afforestation
Afforestation site should be selected in the middle and lower part of hillside and valley stream, with deep soil layer, fertile and moist, above 400m m above sea level. A few months before afforestation, the woodland should be thoroughly cleaned, and pits should be dug at fixed points according to tree spacing, with specifications of 60cm. 60cm？ 50cm, after breaking the ground, the topsoil will return to the cave. What is the plant spacing for cultivating large diameter timber? The selection density is 833 plants /hm. The row spacing of short-period industrial raw material forest (for leaf taking) is 2m? The planting density is 2500 plants /hm2. 1a seedling afforestation, because the main root is not obvious, there are many fibrous roots on the lateral roots, so it is necessary to keep the root system moist from emergence to planting, and try to shorten the time from emergence to planting. Afforestation work should be completed before the end of February.
Propagation method of Cyclocarya paliurus
Five methods can be used: cutting, grafting, layering, dividing plants and sowing. Among them, cutting is more common, and its reproductive ability is second only to grafting and sowing.
cutting
It is best to use a new shallow pottery jar with a diameter of 20Cm for cutting pots, because it is breathable and easy to take root. 20% humus garden soil, 40% cow dung crumbs and 40% river sand can be used as substrate. Cutting time is best in spring and autumn. When cutting, the annual semi-lignified and well-developed technical tips are selected as cuttings, and the 6- 10Cm with knots is cut off smoothly and neatly, and the lower leaves are cut off, leaving only 3-4 leaflets at the top. Buy 1 tablet of vitamin B 12 injection. After opening, soak the strips in the liquid medicine, take them out and dry them for a while before cutting. Before cutting, spray the soil in the pot with a watering can the day before, but not too much. It is just wet the next day, which is most suitable for cutting. The insertion depth is 3-4 cm. When inserting, first poke a hole in the soil with chopsticks or bamboo sticks, then insert the cuttings, compact the soil by hand, make the pot soil fully contact with the cuttings, and then water it again. After inserting, it is best to cover the flowerpot with a plastic bag, tie the bag mouth tightly with a belt, open it when watering is needed, and then tie it tightly after watering. The cut flowerpot should be placed in a place without direct sunlight. The cut flowerpot soil should be sprayed with water 10 day every day except in rainy days, and sprayed twice when it is air-dried, but the amount of water sprayed should not be too much every day. Keep the soil moist after 10. Shade it for 4-5 weeks and gradually let it receive some sunshine until it germinates. It usually takes about two months to take root. After that, it only needs to be shaded for 2-3 hours at noon, and the rest of the time can be exposed to light, which is beneficial to the production of nutrients in photosynthesis.
June 10 fruit was collected from Huangshi, a blue brick, and stored with wings removed and mixed with sand. Sowing in winter or spring, the seed coat is hard. Before sowing, it should be soaked in warm water for 2-3 days, with about 5600 grains per kilogram and about 10 kg per mu.
Introduction experiment of Cyclocarya paliurus
Cyclocarya paliurus (Latin name: Cyclocarya paliurus ) Alias: cash cow, willow, green plum, willow, mountain tree. The plants of Juglandaceae and Cyclocarya are distributed in many provinces in southern China, and most of them are scattered. Cyclocarya paliurus is a rare tree species that survived the Quaternary Glacier and is only distributed in China. Cyclocarya paliurus is known as the giant panda in the plant kingdom and the third largest tree in the medical field. Do people know the first tree in medicine? Willow, which produces aspirin, has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antithrombotic effects, which has opened the first revolution in the history of human health. After cardiovascular disease, cancer and tumor, hyperglycemia has now become the second biggest killer of human beings. At this time, people discovered Cyclocarya paliurus and processed its bud leaves into Cyclocarya paliurus tea.
Value of Cyclocarya paliurus
Garden value
Cyclocarya paliurus is a deciduous fast-growing tree species with tall and straight tree shape and beautiful branches and leaves. From June 5438+00 to May of the following year, its fruit hangs on the tree like a string of copper coins, swaying with the wind, with unique shape and ornamental value, which can be used as ornamental and timber tree species for landscaping. It has high ornamental value in the courtyard.
economic value
Cyclocarya paliurus wood is light and soft, shiny, with staggered texture, slightly fine structure, easy to process, good adhesion and paint performance, and is a good furniture material; Bark contains tannin and fiber, which is the raw material of rubber and paper making. Bark contains tannin, which can be used to extract tannin extract or as fiber raw material.
Bark tannin is extracted from tannin extract and used as fiber raw material; Wood is good and can be used as furniture and industrial materials.
Edible
Organic nutrients Cyclocarya paliurus tea is rich in organic nutrients such as saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides. It can effectively balance human glucose metabolism, thus achieving the health care effect of reversing blood sugar and complications;
Inorganic nutrients
Cyclocarya paliurus compound tea contains a lot of inorganic nutrients such as iron, zinc, selenium, chromium, germanium, magnesium and calcium, and also contains trace elements such as manganese, iron, copper, chromium, zinc, selenium, vanadium and germanium. The high content of elements Ni, Cr, V and Se, which are closely related to glucose metabolism and insulin action, is helpful for insulin to play a hypoglycemic role and improve glucose tolerance.
Suitable crowd
Fat people over 40 years old; People with a family history of diabetes; People with high blood sugar before. Pregnant women over the age of 30 who have given birth to huge babies; Hyperglycemia with abnormal blood pressure and lipid; People with high uric acid, high blood viscosity and high insulin; People who do not participate in manual labor all the year round; People who are sickly and have low immunity.
Medicinal value
Functional indication
Bark and leaves: clearing away heat, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Used for stubborn tinea.
According to the records of Chinese traditional medicine resources, Cyclocarya paliurus leaves have the effects of clearing away heat, quenching thirst and detoxifying.
According to the famous Chinese herbal medicine Cyclocarya paliurus, the bark, leaves and roots have the functions of killing insects, relieving itching, diminishing inflammation, relieving pain and expelling wind. Traditional Chinese medicine is used to treat diabetes in clinic because it has obvious pharmacological effects of lowering blood sugar, reducing fat and urine sugar.
chemical composition
Medical research has found that Cyclocarya paliurus bud leaves contain magical original ecological hypoglycemic factor chains, which are mainly composed of two original ecological nutrients, inorganic nutrients and organic nutrients, and can effectively and comprehensively regulate human glucose metabolism.
See how Cyclocarya paliurus should be planted. See also:
1. Internship investigation report
2.20 17 chairman's year-end speech
3. Moss planting
4. How to plant willows?
5.20 17 National Support Policies