(1) Wear thick clothes to keep warm in cold weather. In order to keep warm and cold, some people dress up carefully, thinking that the more they wear, the warmer they will be. In fact, this is one-sided. Because clothes themselves do not generate heat, they only play the role of isolation, so that a good microclimate zone is formed between clothes and the body and between clothes, and the convection between cold air outside and hot air on the body surface is buffered, so that the heat of the human body can be preserved and people feel warm. When you put on a piece of clothing, the thickness of the air layer increases and the warmth is strengthened. When the thickness of air layer exceeds 1.5 cm, the air convection in clothes increases obviously, but the warmth retention decreases. Physiologically speaking, wearing too thick clothes will inhibit the adaptability of thermoregulation function and weaken the ability to keep out the cold. In addition, wearing too many clothes is bloated, which is neither beautiful nor convenient to move.
Tips: There should be a certain number of clothes and suitable thickness in winter. Winter clothes should choose light and warm down products and leather clothes that are not suitable for cold air. Office white-collar workers should try not to wear too tight high-necked underwear or sweaters, otherwise it will easily oppress the carotid artery and lead to insufficient blood supply to brain tissue.
(2) Wearing a mask to keep out the cold In order to keep out the cold, many people wear masks, which will actually reduce people's ability to keep out the cold and make them more likely to catch a cold. Because there are abundant capillaries in the nasal mucosa, its function is to heat and humidify the cold air entering the nasal cavity. When cold air is inhaled into the lungs through the nasal cavity, it is usually close to body temperature. If you wear a mask all day, the nasal mucosa and the whole respiratory tract will not get exercise, and you will catch a cold if you catch a little cold.
Some people like to use scarves as masks, because the raw materials of scarves are mostly wool and chemical fiber fabrics. If you put a scarf around your mouth, fibers and bacteria will be inhaled into your lungs when you breathe, which is very harmful to human health.
Tips: It is necessary to wear a mask to resist cold and sandstorm when walking in the wild or in an environment with serious air pollution, but the time should not be too long.
(3) Love to wear pointed shoes. The pointed shoes of street fashion women add a different style to the cold winter. However, "cold starts from the first step." Experts pointed out that when walking in shoes with pointed and narrow toes, the center of gravity of the human body will tilt forward, which will make the blood circulation of the feet not smooth. After a long time, the skin of the feet will be damaged or blisters will grow. In cold weather, such feet are most vulnerable to frostbite. When the weather is slightly hot, frostbitten feet will start to itch. If frostbite is serious, it may recur next year.
Tip: You should wear loose and warm shoes in winter. If you really want to wear those pointed shoes, you can prepare a pair of comfortable flat shoes in the office for easy replacement.
(4) Close the doors and windows and sleep warmly. Sleeping with doors and windows closed in winter does reduce air convection and increase indoor temperature, but the resulting air circulation is more harmful. According to experts, more than 500 kinds of chemicals will occur in the process of human metabolism, of which 149 kinds are excreted from the respiratory tract. As a result, the air contains a lot of bacteria, viruses, carbon dioxide and dust particles, which have an impact on the respiratory tract. Therefore, people who can't sleep well with the windows closed often suffer from colds, coughs and pharyngitis.
Tip: Don't close the doors and windows all day, because it's cold outside. Always open the window to keep the air circulating. Open the window 2 ~ 4 times a day in winter, each time lasting about 10 minute. Especially the patient's residence should pay more attention to frequent ventilation.
(5) The air conditioner is high in temperature and comfortable. In winter, the wind is biting, and some families use air conditioners to keep warm. In order to enjoy the indoor warmth, quite a few people like to adjust the temperature of the air conditioner to above 27℃, so that the indoor temperature is like the turn of spring and summer, which really makes people feel very comfortable. Although the high temperature of air conditioning has brought a lot of convenience to work and life, people who have been in an air-conditioned environment for a long time are prone to air conditioning syndrome. The specific manifestations are nasal congestion, dry throat, dry mouth, headache and decreased immune function. Especially in winter, if the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is above 25℃, once something goes out, it is easy to catch a cold; Some patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are prone to myocardial infarction, stroke, facial paralysis and even death.
Tips: Proper use of air conditioning is good for health. When using air conditioning, you can put a humidifier or a basin of water indoors to keep the room moderately humid. Indoor temperature adjustment should be appropriate, and the temperature should rise slowly. When the temperature is adjusted to the right level, take off your coat, and don't be afraid of trouble. If you want to go out, slowly adjust the temperature to 15℃, do not leave the air-conditioned room immediately, and let the nasal cavity adapt to the air temperature. The suitable temperature for sleeping at night is between 65438 05℃ and 65438 08℃. Families with patients with colds or other infectious diseases should not use air conditioning.
(6) Take a hot bath at one end. Take a bath in winter and pay attention to some problems. You can't start bathing from the beginning as soon as you turn on the tap, you should start washing from your feet. Because the skin temperature in winter is lower than the bath water temperature, and the bath water temperature used in winter is often higher than that in summer, sudden hot water will make the heart unable to load. In addition, many people often raise the water temperature because they are afraid of cold, but too hot water will make the skin lose moisture, make the skin dry, and even lead to microvascular rupture.
Tip: It is best to get your feet wet before taking a bath in winter, so that your feet can adapt to the water temperature first, then slowly pour water on your body and start taking a bath. The suitable water temperature for bathing in winter is 37℃ to 42℃, so the temperature of bathing water in winter is slightly higher than the body temperature. In addition, it is best not to take a bath for more than a quarter of an hour in cold weather to avoid catching a cold.