1 Choose a good site

The breeding of green shell laying hens is carried out under the condition of forest environment, and the chicken farm should choose natural forest land. Generally, natural secondary forests are better than primary forests, broad-leaved forests are better than coniferous forests, and natural forests are better than artificial forests. If possible, choose mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests. It is required that there is no major pollution source within 30 kilometers around the henhouse, the terrain is about 5 slope, the leeward is sunny, the water source is sufficient, the water is convenient, and there are high-voltage lines passing through the chicken farm.

Size design standard of chicken coop and sports ground: the heat preservation chicken coop for brooding is calculated as 1000 chickens, and the sports ground is calculated as 1 square meter chickens. The playground should be surrounded by fences and plastic nets.

2 chicken house construction

The henhouse is built in the sunny place, and the henhouse is opened every 3 meters before and after 1 70 cm x 120 cm for lighting in ventilation window. Indoor habitats, drinking fountains and sinks can be put aside. A 1 small door with a height of 160 cm and a width of 70 cm is opened to the sun, and a sand sports ground is paved outside the door.

2. Choose eggs weighing more than 40 grams as breeding eggs and adopt artificial incubation. Technical requirements for hatching of green shell laying hens:

① Temperature and humidity

Incubate eggs in batches at constant temperature. Each batch of eggs should be placed alternately, and people should pay attention to putting the big head up on the egg tray when incubating eggs. Incubation l- 18 days, the temperature of egg noodles in the incubator is 37.8℃ in winter and 37.5℃ in summer. After hatching 19 days, transfer to the incubator and pay attention to laying the eggs flat. The suitable temperature in the machine is 37.2 degrees Celsius in winter and 37 degrees Celsius in summer. The relative humidity of l- 18 days is 60%, and that of 19-2 1 day is 70%.

② Turn over eggs.

Turn the egg 1 to 90 degrees every 2 hours.

③ brooding

Generally, the hatching begins on the 20th day, and it is basically completed in 2 1 day.

④ Disinfection

Eggs must be disinfected 1 time from 30 minutes after delivery to before hatching. After the chicks are hatched, they are disinfected 1 time, often fumigated with formalin or sprayed with poison.

It is necessary to choose a suitable brooding season for green shell laying hens, so as to facilitate their grazing and feeding. It is good to hatch eggs in March-May. In spring, the temperature rises gradually and the sunshine is sufficient, which is beneficial to the growth and development of chicks and the survival rate of chicks is high. In the middle chicken stage, due to the appropriate temperature and long-term outdoor activities, you can get enough exercise and exercise, so your body is strong, which is very beneficial to natural grazing and prevention of natural enemies in the future. Chickens mature early in spring and lay eggs for a long time, especially chicks hatched in early spring are better, so they choose to raise chicks in spring.

Third, the management of chicks and chickens is similar to that of ordinary laying hens. It should be emphasized that:

1. The beak should be broken at the age of 8 days to 10 days. The principle is that the upper beak is 2 mm away from the nostril and the lower beak is not shorter than the tip of the tongue.

2. 10 weeks old, group feeding restriction, select chickens, and pick out those that are too fat and too thin. Those who are too thin can be intensively raised by laying hens with high nutritional level in the market, and the daily feed intake is increased by 8 g ~ 10 g compared with the normal group. For overweight people, about 10% of rice (or rice bran cake or cooked bean curd residue) can be added to the feed, or the daily intake of each feather can be reduced by 8- 10g. The general goal is that the difference of chicken population weight in the initial stage of production should be within 10%.

Feeding management in laying period

The laying period is 2 1-72 weeks, and the main points of feeding management are as follows:

1. The ideal illumination time is 16 hours. If the natural illumination is insufficient, artificial illumination should be supplemented at both ends in the morning and evening, and a programmable illumination controller should be adopted to keep the time and brightness of turning on and off the lights constant.

2. The suitable room temperature for temperature and ventilation is 10℃ ~ 27℃, and measures should be taken to prevent heatstroke and cool down or keep warm, so as to be as close to this temperature as possible. If the weather is fine in spring and autumn, you can open another woodland for free range.

3. Add gravel from the growing period until it is eliminated. The henhouse or outdoor sports ground should have limestone or aluminosilicate gravel with particle size (2 parts of sulfur powder for every 10 part of sand and mix well). There are four functions: following the nature of chickens, taking sand bath is beneficial to the health of feathers and skin; For chickens to peck, promote the grinding of chicken muscle stomach, which is beneficial to digestion; Strengthen eggshell hardness; Prevent pecking.

4. Preventing stress is mainly to keep a quiet environment and prevent rats, wild animals and other animals and outsiders from entering. Prevent noise (firecrackers, gongs and drums, etc.). ) and avoid the stimulation of strong light and fire at night.

Feeding and drinking water

The price of green shell eggs is higher than that of ordinary eggs 1 times. Consumers pay more attention to the consistency of protein, the color of yolk, the flavor of eggs and the drug residues in eggs. (1) protein consistency. The fresher the egg, the thicker the protein; Using 15% wheat or wheat flour as feed can enhance the consistency of protein. ② Egg yolk color. Fresh red (yellow) corn, alfalfa powder, marigold powder, pine needles, corn protein powder, pumpkin and red pepper contain more lutein. Lutein (2% preparation, per ton of feed 1 kg ~ 1.5 kg) can also be added to the feed. ③ Flavor substances. At present, the feasible measures are as follows: first, plant tall trees on the playground outside the henhouse, so that flowers, leaves and fruits often fall for chickens to eat, and also adjust the climate and purify the air. The second is to plant and feed green feed, such as amaranth, water spinach, Rumex, chicory, vetiver, sweet potato vine and so on. Third, in summer and autumn, insect traps are installed outside the chicken coop to attract all kinds of pests in nearby farmland and Woods and feed them fresh in the morning. Fourthly, using chicken manure and a small amount of pig manure to raise fly maggots and earthworms. Fresh feed in hot weather, and feed the surplus on the cement flat in winter. Fifth, the by-products of the brewing industry, such as beer distiller's grains, liquor distiller's grains, sugar residue, caramel residue, sauce residue, etc. Sixth, rare earth, humic acid, sepiolite, medical stone and bentonite are used as additives.

Fourth, stocking management After more than 3 weeks of feeding, the weight of chicks can generally reach more than 0.3 kg, which meets the stocking conditions. At this time, they can be scattered in Woods, reservoirs and grasslands, and green-shell laying hens can catch insects, eat grass seeds and tender grass and move freely in the vast fields. This period is as long as 15 weeks, and it can be fed five times from the hospitalization day and gradually reduced to two times. Feed twice a day, feed less when you are released in the morning and more when you come back at night. In the process of stocking, we must take safety precautions to prevent the harm of natural enemies. The natural enemies are mainly eagles, weasels and bobcats. They catch chickens at any time with natural forests as a barrier. Statistics of chicken farms in recent years show that among the natural loss rate of 1%, China chickens are more than 60% harmed by natural enemies. During this period, the weight of chickens has reached 0.5- 1 kg, and the loss of 1 chicken is equivalent to a loss of more than 20 yuan. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to safety during stocking period and improve the survival rate of chickens. There are three ways to prevent natural enemies: train domestic dogs to drive away rats and ferrets nearby, drive away eagles with firecrackers, and enclose pastures with nylon nets. This method is feasible.

The nutrition of the verb (abbreviation of verb) and the nutritional requirements for feeding green-shell laying hens are as follows: the crude protein in the diet of chicks accounts for 10%, that of chicks accounts for 15%, and that of breeders accounts for 17%. The brooding period is within 30 days after hatching, and the key to this period is heat preservation. The temperature was kept at about 33℃ within 3 days after hatching, and then decreased by 2C every 7 days. The principle is that chickens are evenly distributed around the heat source. Drink water before eating and feed full-price chicken feed 4-6 times a day. Pay attention to ventilation during brooding. The density is generally 10 day old, 40-50 heads/m2; 20 days old, 30/m2; 30 days, 20/ m2. The weight of 140-day-old hens is generally controlled at about l 1 kg, and the weight of cocks is about 2 kg. When 140 days old, the chicks' feed was changed to the complete feed for laying hens, and water-soluble multivitamins were added to the drinking water. Farmers can feed some vegetables or grass, which generally accounts for about 20% of the total feed, but it is not mixed with dry feed. Oviposition is: per day 16 hours in the prenatal period, and the peak of oviposition is 16- 17.5 hours per day. When laying eggs, the daily consumption of chicken feed is about 85g. Pay attention to feeding medium and coarse sand frequently, and the dosage is 6-7 kg per 1000 chickens. Green shell layer breeders can raise 100-200 chickens in each group. In addition to limiting feeding, breeders should also limit light if possible, and light for 8 hours every day after 55 days. The henhouse can be equipped with an egg-laying box, a rectangular egg-laying pond made of wooden boards and fine sand to keep the environment quiet and dry.

The disease prevention of intransitive verbs should run through the whole feeding process. Marek's vaccine should be injected into hatched chickens. Chickens with poor disease management 1 ~ 5 days old, 12 ~ 14 days old, and 35 ~ 37 days old should be given 1 time for 3 ~ 5 days each time to prevent bacterial diseases such as salmonella and Escherichia coli. The drug is enrofloxacin and the drug is 65438+. In addition, drugs such as tylosin and doxycycline are used to prevent respiratory diseases such as mycoplasma. Drinking water is often disinfected with disinfectants such as Baidu poison. Pay attention to prevent coccidiosis before and after 3 weeks of age. At the age of 7 ~ 10, Newcastle disease vaccine and vaccinia vaccine were inoculated by nasal drip or drinking water. 12 ~ 14 days old, the infectious bursal disease vaccine was injected for the first time, and the immunization was strengthened two weeks later. Breeding chickens should do a good job in vaccination and prevention of inactivated oil emulsion vaccines such as Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, infectious bronchitis and egg drop syndrome, which can be formulated with reference to local chicken immunization procedures.