Changquan: It is a kind of fist with fist, palm and hook as the main hand type, bow, horse and servant as the basic rest type, and it has movements and techniques such as jumping, flashing, jumping, ups and downs and tumbling, which is flexible, fast, powerful and distinctive in rhythm.
Key points of Tai Ji Chuan's exercises (10): ① Good figure, stable footwork, relaxed body and calm mind, light and even movements, 4 coordinated movements, 6 smooth hand-eye coordination, 7 clear distinction between reality and reality, combination of rigidity and softness, complete strength, concentration of mind, and close coordination of breathing with intention.
Tai Ji Chuan: It is a soft, slow and light fist, which is defined as thirteen basic forms: pressing, caressing, pressing, picking, lining, elbow, leaning, advancing, retreating, protecting and looking. The movements are soft and round, with arcs everywhere, and the movements are consistent and equal.
Duel: On the basis of single-person training, two or more people conduct imaginary actual combat drills of attack and defense under predetermined conditions. These include unarmed combat, unarmed combat with equipment.
Wushu illustrations refer to pictures and words that record Wushu movements and routines. Use pictures to describe the image of the action and the movement route of various parts of the body (including instruments), and use words to explain the detailed process and essentials of the action.
Group performance: it is a group exercise conducted by more than six people with bare hands or equipment. The formation and pattern can be changed and accompanied by music. The formation is neat and the movements are coordinated.
Struggle: It is a form of confrontation in which two people compete for wisdom and strength under certain conditions and according to certain rules.
Scoring standard: The scoring and deduction standard of each project is different, but the highest score is 10, and the deduction system is implemented. The optional routines of Changquan, Nanquan, Knife, Gun, Sword and Stick shall not be less than 65,438+0 minutes and 20 seconds in both juvenile and adult groups.
Venue: length 14m, width 8m (including edge line 5cm). Two midline marks should be made between the two long sides of the construction site.
Simple answer:
The characteristics of Wushu are: ① the combination of Wushu and sports; ② National style with both form and spirit; ③ Wide adaptability; ④ Strong regionality.
Functions of Wushu: ① Improving and strengthening physique; ② Improve self-defense ability; ③ Temper the will and cultivate moral sentiment; ④ Enjoy entertainment and enrich cultural life.
Characteristics of Wushu teaching: It has both the general characteristics of physical education and its own independent characteristics. ① Pay attention to intuitive teaching and give priority to the leader ("three plus" problems: there are many movements, many changes in direction and route, and each movement contains many elements). (2) emphasize the norms of action, highlight the strength and spirit. ③ Explain and demonstrate by combining offensive and defensive actions.
Wushu teaching process: teaching (technology)-accepting organization (practice)-guiding, checking and correcting mistakes-consolidating and improving, checking and testing-independent practice.
Teaching content and order: basic skills-basic movements-combined movements-boxing routines
The teaching method is holographic perception, including demonstration perception, language perception, password perception, audio-visual perception and thinking perception.
Complete demonstration: ① For the first martial arts action as the teaching content, teachers usually use complete demonstration to help students establish their first impression; ② For the specific movements with simple teaching structure and little difficulty, the movements taught by students with a certain martial arts foundation can be fully displayed; There are two kinds: constant speed-demonstration and slow speed; According to the needs of teaching, teachers can choose one or two methods to teach.
Decomposition demonstration: ① Actions with complex structure and direction can be divided into two parts or several sections for demonstration teaching; ② Actions with more offensive and defensive factors can be demonstrated in sections according to the number of offensive and defensive factors; ③ The action with frustration must have certain basic characteristics; (4) decomposition demonstration includes uniform demonstration and slow demonstration. Generally, slow demonstration is adopted first, and then gradually transition to uniform demonstration according to the situation. (5) When using it, attention should be paid not to decompose the action too finely. After the reasonable decomposition demonstration is completed, a thorough transition should be carried out as soon as possible. ⑤ In the process of needing this demonstration, teachers should follow the principle of "complete demonstration-decomposed demonstration-complete demonstration" and combine slow demonstration with constant demonstration.
Explain the demonstration position: ① Teachers can demonstrate at the vertex position of the equilateral triangle formed by the connecting line between the beginning and the end of the horizontal line; ② They can be demonstrated in the open space between two rows of horizontal lines facing each other; ③ It can be displayed in the middle of semi-circular arc or saddle stratum.
Positions of front demonstration: front, side, inclined plane, back, mirror. ① All lateral movements of the body can be demonstrated in front. ② All forward movements of the body can be demonstrated on the side and in the mirror.
Language sense: the content of the explanation ① Basic techniques ② Action specifications ③ Offensive and defensive techniques ④ Key links ⑤ Error-prone. Interpretation methods: ① visualization; ② Formula; ③ nominalization; 4 terminology. Methods of error correction: ① slow solution; ② Language control; ③ Static experience.
Formulate competition rules: content 1. Competition name 2. Purpose and task 3. Date and place of the competition. Competition method 5. Competition item 6. Registration method 7. Reward 8. Precautions.
Long fist: (fist) four fingers together, the fist surface should be flat, the thumb is pressed on the second knuckle of the index finger and middle finger (palm), the thumb is bent and buckled at the tiger's mouth, and the other four points are extended backward (hooked), and the first knuckle of the five fingers is close together; Or the thumb, forefinger and middle finger come together to form a knife hook. Bow and rest (pacing)
Tai Chi: (fist) Roll your thumb on the second knuckles of the index finger and middle finger, and don't tighten your fist (palm). The fingers are slightly bent apart, the palms are slightly contained, and the tiger's mouth is bent. Fingers should not be stiff or too bent (hooked) to bend the wrist. Fingers and wrists should be relaxed and natural, or thumb index finger and middle finger should be pinched together, and ring finger and little finger should be bent in the palm.
Three-way long fist: empty step and bright palm, step by step for boxing. Lunge boxing, bounce boxing, lunge boxing, lunge boxing, lunge boxing, lunge high five, lunge standing palm. Virtual step boxing, knee lifting and palm piercing, servant step palm piercing, virtual step palm picking, high-five with standing posture, double pendulum with fork step, high-five with lunge, elbow with standing posture with turning and kicking. Take a break, smash your fist, raise your palm step by step, lunge and split your fist, jump into lunge, lunge, lunge, fork and raise your palm, and kick your side with imaginary steps. Lunge to elbow, turn around to assist palm foot, right palm foot, fly foot in the air, punch at rest, swing and split fist with footman step, lift knee to pick palm, lift knee to split palm, lunge and punch and split fist. Open your hands with imaginary steps and punch step by step.
Tai Chi: Starting from the trend, the left and right wild horses are divided into manes, and the white cranes have bright wings. Bend your knees left and right, wave the pipa and roll left and right. Left hand, right hand, single whip, cloud hand, single whip. High horse, right pedal, twin peaks, turn around, left pedal. The left lower potential is independent and the right lower potential is independent. Shuttle left and right, submarine needle, flashing arm. Turn around and move the hammer, such as printing, cross your hands and close the momentum.
Form and content of routine competition: ① Boxing (7, divided into internal boxing and external boxing): Changquan, Tai Ji Chuan, Nanquan, fencing, fencing, spear and stick.
② Other musical instruments (3): single musical instrument, double musical instrument and soft musical instrument.
③ Training items (3): unarmed training, equipment training, unarmed training and equipment training.
Regular venue 14m×7m
Four strikes: kick and throw
The meaning of internal and external cultivation (2):① refers to the internal organs of human body and the cultivation of human mind, spirit, consciousness or morality; (2) refers to the shape or behavior of the human body (that is, "internal cultivation of character, external training behavior").
Compatibility between Wushu and other disciplines 8: military, Chinese medicine, health preservation, philosophy, aesthetics, magic, drama, dance, etc.
Functions of Wushu (4):① Fitness function of being strong inside and strong outside; ② the edifying function of edifying the mind; ③ Aesthetic function of combination of attack and skill; ④ Self-defense function with both offensive and defensive functions.
Eight exercise methods: manipulation, eye movement, posture, footwork, spirit, qi, strength and achievement.
The main forms of Wushu (3): ① routine ② fighting ③ skill.
Tai Ji Chuan schools: Chen, Yang, Wu, Sun, Wu, Li and Zhao Bao.
Tai Ji Chuan's main techniques: shed, rate, squeeze, press, pick, elbow, elbow and lean.
1959, the first Wushu competition rules were issued.
Eighteen weapons are short of nine: knives, swords, whips, maces, crutches, axes, sticks, spines and pestles.
Jiuchang: knife, gun, stick, shovel, fork, clank, hook, spear, halberd.
1 Meaning of Wushu: Shuowen Jiezi is interpreted as "stopping one's brother" as a kind of Wushu, which aims to stop the opponent's force by force, and the technique refers to technology or skill.
Martial arts is also known as martial arts, kung fu, fighting in vain, martial arts, martial arts, debate and hand fighting.
What is the traditional martial arts in China? Wude has a good teacher and will always be a master. When practicing martial arts, you will be beaten first, and you will laugh when you are bullied. Better be beaten than be beaten first, and live up to the teacher's heart.
Ten days of work: A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, people, ghosts.
Twelve earthly branches: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai.
Name of five elements: gold, water, wood, fire and earth.
The five elements of heavenly stem: a, b, c, d, e, g, n, n.
The five elements of the earth branch: yin, four or five fires, Shen, Haizishui and ugliness.
Direction of heavenly stems: A&B East, C&D South, Wuji Middle, Geng Xin West and Guiren North.
Location of earthly branches: Yinmao East, Siwu South, Shen Youxi, Haizi North, and Chen Xu Ugly is not in the Palace.
Eight diagrams: dry, right, inside, true, smoked, watching, root, Kun.
On the "Eight Methods" of Practice
What are the "eight methods" of practicing martial arts? The same is true of the ten familiar words-"hand-eye, body-step, spiritual strength". This is the practical experience and summary of countless Wulin colleagues, experts and scholars, and it is the essence of Wushu. It only takes ten words to explain the eight methods of practicing martial arts, which shows that it is extremely incisive.
Hand type: refers to hand type and technique. The hand types of Wushu mainly include fist, palm, hook and claw; Techniques include boxing, pushing hands, lifting hooks, grasping claws and so on. Boxing proverbs often say that "hands are two doors, both of which hit people with their feet." It can be seen that the hand is the portal of the human body, and the size and firmness of your portal are closely related to the style of your hand. Of course, the hand is also a special soldier and a vanguard. "An expert can tell whether there is a hand at a glance" fully illustrates the importance of the hand. This is one of the compulsory courses.
Eye method: refers to the eye method. Eyes are searchlights, scanners or scouts; The eye is one of the most concrete manifestation organs of God. Eyes on the head are related to whether the head movements are correct or not, and to the coordination of techniques. It is obviously counterintuitive to punch your fist to the east and look south or north. Then this move is a blind shot without a target. What can it do? This is the second required course.
Body posture: Body posture is mainly expressed through the waist. Any boxing must be "waist-oriented and finger-shaped." This is what Tai Ji Chuan's theory repeatedly emphasized: "waist is like an axle". Whether practicing at home or practicing at home, you should follow suit. Imagine if the axle is skewed, stuck and rusted, can its wheels still run smoothly? Similarly, the posture is not flexible, the fist is not in place, and the kung fu is not flattering. There is a saying in the boxing proverb: "If you don't practice your waist, you won't have any high skills in your life." This statement is also true. This is compulsory three.
Step: refers to the step type and footwork. Generally, there are steps such as bow, horse, servant, air and rest. In Nanquan series, the stepping steps are collectively referred to as tying the horse and taking the horse. Step rules refer to the process of completing the selected step type and the method of changing the step type. "Its roots are in the feet and legs", which is another sentence in the theory of boxing. In other words, footwork is the basis of martial arts movements. If the foundation is unstable and the body is scattered, how can the attack and defense get opportunities? This is the fourth required course.
The above four methods are all based on the elements of human body training. These four elements must be coordinated, and one stroke and one potential can be complete, smooth and perfect; Only in this way can the body get a good exercise and the strength of attack and defense can be fully exerted; It can also give people a beautiful enjoyment.
The elements of physical training are clear, so let's talk about the four elements of internal strength training-"psychological strength".
Spirit: Spirit reflects the inner temperament of martial arts practitioners and is a kind of consciousness. When practicing, if you are absent-minded, lazy, distracted, unfocused, or arrogant and frivolous, it is impossible to practice brilliant tricks. Because the mind is restless, how can you use your mind to guide actions, so as to play the role of action? This is the fifth required course.
Qi: refers to the training of respiratory system with motor organs. As the saying goes, "practice your muscles outside and your breathing inside." "Skin of bones and muscles" refers to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones and skin of the human body and extends to the surface of the human body. "Qi" refers to the breathing qi and the "internal qi" that consciousness controls the operation in the body. People often praise people who have kung fu: if you punch down, you won't be short of breath and your face won't change color. This is also caused by Qi Shun. On the other hand, people who can't practice Buddhism, even if it is a slow and gentle Tai Chi transmission, will be panting and turn pale. This is also caused by qi stagnation. As the boxing proverb goes, "You ask what the standard of body use is, and you will come to flesh and blood." This sentence also makes the relationship between internal and external practice very clear. Both Italy and Qi are kings, that is, generals; The flesh and blood are ministers, so naturally I have to listen to your command. If there is no commander in chief in the army, the defeat of the army is inevitable. How can you not practice your mind and spirit? So this is the sixth required course.
Force: refers to strength, strength. According to my decades of experience in practicing martial arts, I think there are four factors that determine strength: first, the number of muscles involved in sports; Second: the length of muscle extension and contraction (that is, flexibility); Third, the instructions issued by the brain nervous system to exercise muscles-that is, the frequency of signal pulses-are also the speed of reaction; Four: coordination of breathing. If these four elements are complete and of high quality, it is a powerful deterrent. The opposite is self-evident. Therefore, the practice of speed, strength, flexibility, quick response and coordination is essential. This is the seventh required course.
Gong: refers to kung fu, function and efficacy. Kung fu is practiced, not imagined; Everyone remembers that there is a famous line in the TV series Shaolin Temple, "You have to practice martial arts and are not afraid of hardship", which tells the true meaning that kung fu comes from hard practice. At the same time, kung fu also depends on "accumulation". As we all know, "practice for one day, not ten days" and "study for three days, practice for three years is good"; "Boxing practice a hundred times, posture from now on; Punching a thousand times, God speaks for himself. " This is also caused by accumulation. Function depends on "enlightenment". You have to know the specifications of each movement and the sense of attack and defense. Coupled with understanding and hard training, its role comes from itself, and its role in both physical training and spiritual practice is self-evident. This is what we often say: clear boxing practice is the only effective reason. This is the eighth compulsory course of Wushu.