Modern research shows that ginseng mainly contains ginsenoside (more than 30 kinds have been separated), various amino acids (17 kinds), sugars, enzymes, organic acids and esters, sterols and their glycosides, vitamins and flavonoids, as well as volatile components such as panaxynol and β-elemene with special fragrance and more than 20 kinds of copper, zinc, iron, manganese and germanium. Most of these ingredients are beneficial to human health.
What are the uses of ginseng?
The efficacy of ginseng is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
First, it can regulate the central nervous system, improve the excitement and inhibition process of the brain, and make it tend to be balanced; Can improve mental and physical labor ability, improve work efficiency, and has anti-fatigue effect. Second, it can promote the use of energy substances by the brain and improve the ability of learning and memory. Third, it can increase myocardial contractility, slow down heart rate, increase cardiac output and coronary flow, and resist myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia. Fourth, it can lower blood sugar, improve blood lipid, lower blood cholesterol and triglyceride, and increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol (anti-atherosclerotic cholesterol), which has anti-atherosclerosis effect. Fifth, it can enhance sexual function and promote gonadal function and development. Sixth, it can enhance the immune function of the body. Seventh, improving the resistance to harmful stimuli can enhance the body's stress ability and adaptability. Eighth, it can improve hematopoietic function. In addition, ginseng also has anti-radiation, anti-virus, anti-tumor and anti-shock effects.
Clinical application methods of ginseng
Ginseng is used clinically, and taken orally, 5 ~ 10g each time. It should be decocted separately with slow fire, and then the juice should be mixed with other medicinal soups. Grinding and swallowing, 0.5 ~ 1g each time, 1 time or twice a day; During the rescue, take a large dose of15 ~ 30g decoction each time, and take it several times. Ginseng can also be taken orally. Once, an old man suddenly fainted and could not be cured for a long time. Later, he took 2 grams of red ginseng each time and put it in his mouth and swallowed it gradually, twice a day. After taking 1 month, she finally recovered. This kind of senile diseases can be taken with red ginseng 1.5 ~ 3g twice a day, with 20 ~ 30 days as 1 course of treatment, and generally 1 ~ 2 courses of treatment can be cured.
Anti-aging, longevity, oral ginsenoside sugar-coated tablets, three times a day, each time 1 tablet (50 mg), two months for 1 course of treatment. Generally, it can relieve aging symptoms of the elderly, enhance memory, increase white blood cells, improve immune function, and improve pituitary-gonadal axis function and adrenal cortex function.
Generally, taking ginseng preparation can improve physical strength and intelligence, improve sleep, relieve mental depression and treat skin aging (such as senile pigmentation and alopecia).
It should be pointed out that ginseng is not a panacea for anti-aging and prolonging life, and it is impossible to live a long and healthy life simply by eating ginseng.
Generally taken orally, ① decoction, 1.5 ~ 9g (up to 30g in case of emergency use), should be decocted alone with slow fire, taken alone or taken orally. Ginseng can't play its due role if it is decocted with traditional Chinese medicine. ② Soaking wine: soak 30 grams of ginseng in 500 grams of white wine, cover the bottle mouth tightly, shake it evenly 1 time every day, take it after half a month, and drink 25 ml every day. ③ Soaking: Put the sliced ginseng into a warm cup and soak it in boiling water for 15 minutes, then you can drink it. After soaking for 3 times, chew the residue and swallow it (if the digestion ability is poor, remove the residue). The daily dosage is 3 ~ 5g, and sugar can be added, but it is not advisable to brew with tea. ④ Steaming soup: Put about 5g ginseng into a porcelain cup, add appropriate amount of water, put the lid behind your back, steam and stew thoroughly with low fire, drink the soup first, and then chew the residue and swallow it. ⑤ Raw inclusions: Put ginseng slices directly into your mouth, chew and swallow, and finally swallow all the residues. This method not only nourishes and strengthens the body, but also has a good effect on kidney deficiency in the elderly. ⑥ Grinding and taking: chop ginseng into fine powder, 65,438+0g daily, and take it with warm boiled water, or make it into a thin paste with boiled water. prohibit
Bogey: Ginseng is the king of tonic, although it can strengthen the body and delay aging, but if it is used indiscriminately regardless of gender, age, cold and heat, it will be harmful and useless, and there will be a "ginseng abuse syndrome".
(1) Do not use it for patients with excess heat syndrome: do not use it for those with excessive exogenous pathogenic factors or hyperactivity of liver yang, chest tightness and abdominal distension, loose stool diarrhea, thick and greasy tongue coating, etc., and furuncle and toxic swelling. Otherwise, it will aggravate the symptoms, like "adding fuel to the fire".
(2) It is not suitable for teenagers: for example, people under the age of 40 who are physically strong and healthy are full of energy and easily excited. It is better to refuse to accept ginseng. For example, ginseng is misused or misused, which often leads to suffocation, chest tightness and abdominal distension. In particular, children's physiological characteristics are "more than three", that is, there is often more than one heart, liver and yang, so high-temperature tonic products such as ginseng are forbidden for children, otherwise it will cause children's nutritional metabolism disorder, leading to obesity and precocious puberty.
(3) Contraindications to hypertension: Patients with hypertension (systolic blood pressure1.80mm Hg or above), hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency or acute diseases should avoid using red ginseng. If you take red ginseng, it will easily lead to cerebrovascular accidents such as cerebral hemorrhage and aggravate the condition.
(4) Panax quinquefolium is cold and should not be taken, such as yang deficiency, cold and damp stomach, white swelling of limbs, slow heartbeat, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and bloating, loose stool, white and greasy tongue coating, etc. Male fistula, premature ejaculation, nocturnal emission, female frigidity, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, excessive leucorrhea, stunted growth of children and dyspepsia are all prohibited from using American ginseng. Especially for the elderly who are afraid of cold due to yang deficiency or suffer from senile hypothermia, American ginseng should not be taken in winter, otherwise it will hurt yang and damage their health.
(5) Others: Patients with hysteria, mania and schizophrenia should not take ginseng; Ginseng should be banned in patients with hepatitis, nephritis, renal insufficiency with oliguria, acute coronary thrombosis, cough with excessive phlegm, abdominal distension and constipation, high fever and thirst, red face and eyes, yellow urine, red tongue with Huang Gan coating and strong pulse.
(6) Avoid long-term overdose: Although ginseng can enhance digestive function, long-term overdose will cause loss of appetite, bloating and diarrhea. An American doctor found that most people who take ginseng for a long time have some adverse reactions. If people take it for more than 2 years, they will become excited, fidgety, insomnia for a long time, hypertension, edema, rash and diarrhea in the morning; Some people take15g ginseng every day, and they are insane. Especially those who suddenly stop taking drugs for a long time may even have symptoms such as hypotension, fatigue and tremor.
(7) Avoid the use of western medicine and ginseng together: people who participate in the mixing of western medicine sometimes have some serious adverse reactions and even lead to death. If people participate in anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides, sedatives, steroids and other drugs have antagonistic or synergistic effects, if they take the above drugs, it is not appropriate to take ginseng at the same time. For another example, ginseng can dilute the blood, so when taking "anemia medicine", you can't take ginseng at the same time, otherwise it will sometimes aggravate the condition; Patients with gastric ulcer should not take aspirin and ginseng at the same time when they have a cold, otherwise it would be tantamount to adding fuel to the fire. Because aspirin itself can stimulate gastric mucosa, and ginseng antler contains corticosteroids, which can promote the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin, while reducing the secretion of gastric juice, thus aggravating the condition. Chinese patent medicines containing ginseng, such as "Ginseng Zaizao Pill", should not be used together with monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as furazolidone, Youjiangning, isoniazid and phenelzine, because these western medicines can inhibit the activity of monoamine oxidase and make monoamine neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine and 5- hydroxytryptamine stored in nerve endings without being destroyed by enzymes. Another example is that people who take part in the combination of western medicine, such as Lumina and chloral hydrate, can strengthen the inhibition of the central nervous system, so special attention should be paid to avoid unnecessary danger to health.
Ginseng is an expensive medicine, and it is an advanced tonic that people all over the world like to take. Properly used, it can really save lives, strengthen the body and delay aging. However, improper use or abuse is counterproductive. As the saying goes, ginseng can benefit people and harm people. So how does it benefit the human body?
Ginseng, also known as Shencao, Guigai, Shenshen, goblin, goblin, wooden stick, etc. It is the root of Araliaceae ginseng, generally there are wild ginseng (also known as ginseng), that is, wild ginseng; Garden ginseng, that is, plant growers; Move wild ginseng, and move young wild ginseng to the field or as garden ginseng to Shan Ye for growth. In addition, due to the different origin and processing methods, it can be divided into: Jilin ginseng (also known as Northeast ginseng); Korean ginseng (also known as Berberis and Korean ginseng); Oriental ginseng (produced in Japan); Red ginseng (steamed); Sugar ginseng and white ginseng (made of sugar); Sun-dried ginseng, all-dried ginseng (sulfur smoked dry); Stichopus japonicus (young): Stichopus japonicus (steamed in water); Fresh ginseng (users of fresh products) has various names and characteristics.
Generally speaking, ginseng is sweet and bitter, and can enter the lung and spleen, and the lung governs the qi of the whole body. Spleen is the source of biochemistry, and lung and spleen are full of qi, so the whole body is full of vitality. One medicine of ginseng can not only greatly replenish vitality, but also replenish lung and spleen, so as to treat physical weakness, strengthen the body resistance and eliminate pathogens, and treat symptoms of qi deficiency and excess. First aid and slow treatment are all suitable, which can nourish the heart and soothe the nerves to treat mental anxiety. Ginseng is Liang Yu, which is mainly used for people with general qi deficiency or yin deficiency. If it is made into red ginseng, it is warmer and suitable for people with yang deficiency.
This product has a strong effect of invigorating qi and is generally not used for empirical research. For example, chest distress, abdominal distension, loose stool and other symptoms caused by exogenous pathogenic factors, excessive internal heat and dampness blocking food accumulation should be avoided. For qi deficiency, asthenia, shortness of breath, sweating, pallor, shock or excessive blood loss, blood pressure drop, deficiency of both lung and spleen, anorexia, loose stool, palpitation and insomnia, etc., it can be appropriately applied according to the patient's age and physical condition. Generally, the dosage is 3 ~ 5g. If the qi deficiency is obvious, the dosage can be doubled for patients with acute illness. For blood pressure drop and sweating caused by hemorrhagic shock, red ginseng 15 ~ 30 g can be used. However, although ginseng can tonify deficiency and cure diseases, it can also cause death if used improperly. For example, an American doctor observed 100 people who took ginseng for more than a month and found that most of them had adverse reactions such as excessive tension, irritability, insomnia, dry throat and high blood pressure. He called this phenomenon "ginseng abuse syndrome". There are also reports of poisoning caused by taking too much ginseng in clinic. As reported, some patients died after taking 500 ml of ginseng tincture. Other adverse reactions such as systemic edema, dermatitis, alopecia, precocious puberty in children, threatened abortion in pregnant women and stillbirth have been reported.
Therefore, people who are physically strong, or people with yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, as well as children and pregnant women, should use ginseng with caution. They can choose suitable ginseng and take ginseng correctly under the guidance of doctors.
Ginseng can excite the central nervous system, accelerate the conduction of nerve impulses, shorten the latency of nerve reflex, cause the strengthening and concentration of inhibition process, and promote the balance between excitation and inhibition process in cerebral cortex. Therefore, it can enhance conditioned reflex and reduce the feeling of fatigue.
Ginseng has anti-cancer effect. Ginseng can prevent blood sugar from being too high or too low, regulate blood sugar content in two directions, and prevent and treat senile diabetes. It can regulate the contents of fat and cholesterol in blood and prevent atherosclerosis. It also has the function of regulating endocrine system and gonad function; Has the effects of protecting liver, enhancing digestion, and regulating nerve and cerebral vessels. It is also used to treat acute respiratory insufficiency, cervical erosion, severe hepatitis and adverse reactions caused by hormones, and has also achieved satisfactory results in treating asthma, anemia, gastric ulcer and other diseases.
It is also reported that Japanese scholars treated 24 cases of azoospermia or oligozoospermia with ginseng extract-protein synthesis promoting factor. The results show that it can obviously increase the number of sperm, the number of sperm in 70% patients doubles, the sperm vitality in 60% patients increases, and some patients return to normal fertility level.
Why does ginseng have such a high medical effect? Originally, ginseng contains 29 ginsenoside, 16 amino acids, 9 saccharides, 3 fatty sugars, 3 sterols, 7 vitamins, 2 volatile oils, 3 flavonoids, 12 inorganic elements, 3 enzymes, glycosides, olaquindox, choline and other components. It is precisely because ginseng contains these complex ingredients that it has such a high curative effect.
Therefore, taking ginseng regularly can prevent and treat arteriosclerosis, hypertension, cancer and swelling, relieve mental fatigue, prevent aging, enhance sexual function, relieve acute alcoholism and drunkenness, and treat acne, moles and beriberi for students and mental workers.