The fifth volume integrity

Author: Jason Wu

At the beginning of Zhenguan, there was a request for courtiers. Taizong said, "I thought I was virtuous in everything I did. Who do you know? " He said, "I live in the grass, but I know nothing about it." Please pretend to be angry to test my ministers. If you can speak without fear of thunder, you are a decent person, and if you obey your wishes, you are a good person. " Emperor Taizong said that Feng Deyi said: "The flowing water is clear and turbid, and it is also at its source. The monarch is the political source, the people are still water, and the monarch is self-deceiving and wants to be straight. It's not reasonable to look at the clear water turbid. I often think that Wei Wudi is a deceiver and despise him very much. Can this be considered a fatwa? " It is said that the writer said, "I want to make great beliefs work in the world, and I don't want to deceive people." Although your words are good, I won't take them. "

Zhenguan ten years, Wei Zhi hydrophobic yue:

It is said that as the foundation of the country, we must take virtue and courtesy as capital, and the guarantee of the monarch lies in honesty. Honesty means no double-mindedness, while virtue and etiquette are far away. But virtue and sincerity, the key to a country, lie in your father and son and cannot be abandoned. Therefore, Confucius said: "The monarch makes the minister polite, and the minister is loyal to the monarch." He also said, "Death has existed since ancient times, and people can't stand without faith." Confucius said, "Keep your word, keep your word; Follow the order and make the outside sincere. " However, promises are not kept, and promises are not kept; It is also insincere not to obey orders. If you don't believe your words, you will lose your morality on the top and be dangerous on the bottom. Although you are in turmoil, what a gentleman does is not done.

King Ming Xiu has been in power for more than ten years, Jia Wei has gone overseas, and many countries have entered the DPRK. The granaries have accumulated day by day, and the land has become wider and wider. However, what is a person who has not benefited from morality and kindness? The feeling of waiting for the next time is incomplete and frank. Although there is diligence at the beginning, I don't see the beauty at the end. At the beginning of Zhenguan, I was amazed by the smell of goodness and gladly obeyed. Since then, I have become more and more evil and outspoken. Although barely tolerable, it is not as open as it was when it was restored. Arrogant people, avoid long Alin less; People who are prone to crime argue clearly. It is said that United people are good at power, and loyal people are slanderers. Call it a clique, although loyal and suspicious; Call it the Supreme Duke, although it is falsification without blame. Stiff people are afraid of discussion of power, while loyal people are afraid of slander. I can't talk, I can't argue. What you hear and see is confusing, and the avenue is depressing, so as to prevent politics from damaging morality. What is this? Therefore, Confucius said that "the evil mouth covers the nation", which is why it should be built.

There are also gentlemen and villains with different appearances. A gentleman conceals the evil of others, promotes the good of others, avoids difficulties without mercy, and kills himself. The villain is shameless and heartless, and he is not afraid of injustice, but whenever the interests lie, he will take it as he is. If the husband is in danger, why not? If you want to seek governance today, you must ask a gentleman; There are gains and losses, or interviewing villains. He will be respectful to gentlemen and gentle to villains. You can't say anything, and it doesn't make sense to be confused. Yes, the notoriety is in the villain, the punishment is in the gentleman, and it is where the funeral is, but it can be careless! This is what Sun Qing called "Let the wise seek, discuss with fools, let the pure-hearted do, and doubt with dirty people". What can I get if I want to succeed? " Is there no small benefit to people who are wise to their husbands? However, it is not a country, nor is it far-reaching. Although we try our best to be sincere, we will still be defeated. Isn't it deep to be insatiable and obedient? The husband stood up straight and suspected that the shadow was not straight. Although he is exhausted and thinking hard, he doesn't know.

A husband can be humble, a minister can be loyal to the monarch, and he must be selfless inside and outside, and believe in it from top to bottom. You can't do it if you don't believe it. If you don't believe in it, you can do nothing. Believe it is a good way. Yesterday, Qi Huangong asked Guan Zhong: "If you want to make wine rot in Jue and meat rot in Yi, can you get rid of it?" Guan Zhong said: "This is not good, but it is harmless to the tyrant." Duke Huan said, "How to harm bullies?" Guan zhong said, "if you can't know people, you will harm the bully;" Knowing and not doing it will harm the bully; If you can't believe it, you will harm the bully; It is harmful to tyrants to believe and let small people participate. " Mubo in Jinzhong attacked drums, and after years, he was able to leave the field and said to Lun, "Lun knows the miser of drums. Please be a scholar-bureaucrat, you can get drums. " Mubo refused, saying, "You don't have to break a halberd to hurt a pawn, you can get a drum. Why don't you take them? " Muber said, "I don't want to be rewarded for being human." You reward it, you reward others. Man's success is to make people in Jin give up benevolent government and work for them. Although you have a drum, what will you do with it? " Fu Mubo, a doctor of all nations, Guan Zhong and a good assistant to bullies, can still be cautious about trusting and avoiding others. It is the same. He is a king of the four seas. He should be over 1000 years old, but he can make himself noble and virtuous. Will it be different?

To make a gentleman and a villain right and wrong, there must be virtue, faith, righteousness and courtesy, and then good and evil, reward and punishment. Then the villain is completely private, and the gentleman strives for self-improvement and does nothing. What's there? Good can't enter, evil can't enter, and sin can't be punished. If you don't reward your merits, you will be in danger, or you will never be able to protect yourself.

Emperor Taizong sighed and said, "If you don't meet the public, how can you hear this!"

Emperor Taizong tasted Sun Chang Wuji and others: "At the beginning of my accession to the throne, there were letters from strangers, or that the owner must have authority and exclusivity and could not appoint a group;" Or you want to show off your army and shake your arms to conquer four barbarians. Only Wei Zhi advised me to' suppress revolution, promote literature, cultivate Bude and secure China, so as to convince people from a distance'. From then on, I said that the world is in Daning, and you are the first in the realm. They're all here to pay tribute. They're all retranslated in September 1st, across the road. All these are the strengths of Kevin·Z. If you are appointed, you will not lead people? " Zheng Xie said, "Your Majesty is a saint from heaven who cares about politics. It's too short to bear. Is it good for Ming Sheng? "

In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong summoned his courtiers and said, "It is said that' go to eat and believe', and Confucius said that' people cannot stand without faith'." Yesterday, Xiang Yu ruled the world since he entered Xianyang, being kind to his abilities. Who took it? Fang said to him, "Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness are the five permanents, which cannot be abolished. It is very beneficial to be able to do it diligently. Yi Yin insulted the P5, and King Wu clung to it; A treachery was caught by Emperor Gaozu, just like the imperial edict. "

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Author: anonymous

In the early years of Zhenguan, someone wrote to repel the evil villains around the emperor. Emperor Taizong said to the writer, "Everyone I appointed thinks he is a good minister. Do you know who the evil minister is? " The man replied, "I live among the people, and I really don't know who the courtiers are." Please pretend to be angry and try the minister around you. Anyone who is not afraid of the wrath of thunder and dares to speak out is an upright person.

If someone blindly obeys your majesty and caters to his opinions indiscriminately, he is an evil person. "Emperor Taizong turned to Feng Deyi and said," The running water is not clear, so you can see the place. The monarch is the source of governing the country, and his subjects are like running water. The monarch deceives himself, but he wants his deputies to behave uprightly. It's like turbid water. It's impossible to hope for clear living water. I often think that Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei, has different words and deeds and looks down on him. Now if I do the same, won't I follow his example? This is not the way to implement political education! " Therefore, Emperor Taizong said to the person who wrote this letter: "I want honesty to work in the world, and I don't want to use fraud to damage the social atmosphere. Although your words are very good, I can't accept them. "

Zhenguan ten years, Wei Zhi hydrophobic said:

I heard that the foundation of the country lies in morality and ethics; The guarantee of monarch status lies in honesty. With honesty, there will be no second thoughts. People in remote areas will also obey the rule of virtue. It can be seen that morality, courtesy, honesty and trustworthiness are the national program, which runs through the relationship between monarch and minister and father and son, and can not be neglected for a moment. Therefore, Confucius said, "You treat your officials with courtesy, and your officials serve your country with loyalty." He also said: "A person will die. Without the trust of the people, the country cannot survive." Wen Zi said: "The reason why you can make people believe is that you have won the trust of others before you speak, and the reason why you can execute an order is because it contains sincerity." Saying without doing is a breach of promise. It is insincere to accept orders but not to carry them out. If you are the king, your reputation will be ruined. If you are a vassal, your life will be threatened. Therefore, even if you are in a difficult situation, a gentleman will not do anything dishonest.

Your majesty has been practicing kingship for more than ten years. His great power spread all over the world, and envoys from all over the world came to worship. The national granary is increasingly enriched and the territory is increasingly vast. However, I think morality and benevolence are still dishonest today. Why? Because the attitude of the court towards courtiers was not honest enough, although your majesty was diligent in government affairs in the early period of Zhenguan, he made a good start, but he failed to complete it well. In the early years of Zhenguan, your majesty was very surprised to hear good advice. Zhenguan was still willing to accept opinions in 1989. However, since then, your majesty has gradually hated speaking frankly, and sometimes even if he reluctantly accepts it, it is not as easy to accept as in his early years. Therefore, in order to avoid offending you, loyal ministers gradually dare not make any noise; And those who are wicked just give full play to their eloquence. They abused their power, framed people who were of one mind and one mind with the imperial court, and vilified outspoken people. It is suspicious to say that a person has formed a political party for personal interests, even if he is loyal and upright; Say that a person is selfless, even if he cheats, he will not be accused. Therefore, strong people are afraid of dereliction of duty, and loyal people are afraid of slandering the court. Therefore, honest and loyal ministers can't fully state their ideas, and serious officials in the DPRK can't argue with them. Is this the reason why the saints are confused, undermine the ruling principle, hinder politics and endanger morality? So Confucius said, "I hate those who talk eloquently and bring disaster to the country and people." This is probably what we are talking about now.

Besides, a gentleman and a villain are the same in appearance, but different in heart. A gentleman tolerates the shortcomings of others and praises their merits. He will never drag out an ignoble existence in an emergency, even if he sacrifices his life, he will achieve the virtue of benevolence and righteousness. Little people are shameless, don't talk about benevolence and righteousness, don't know awe, don't keep their promises, only know profit, and frame others in danger but live in peace. If you put danger on others, they can do nothing. Now the imperial court manages the country and entrusts the important task to the gentleman, but if there is any deviation in government affairs, it will ask the villain for information. Treat each other with courtesy and stay at a respectful distance. Treat the villain with contempt and closeness. Get close to the villain, then the villain will be sweet and invulnerable; If you alienate a gentleman, the court will not get the truth. Therefore, denigrating and praising people's rights are actually in the hands of small people, and those who are punished are always gentlemen. This is related to national security. Can your majesty not take it seriously? As Sun Qing said: "Let smart people plan, and then stupid people will talk;" Let virtuous people do it, and then despicable people will think, how can it be successful? "People of average intelligence also have their own abilities. However, they have no talent for governing the country and lack foresight. Even if they try their best, they will inevitably fail. What's more, what about those villains who are full of evil thoughts and fawn on others everywhere? Aren't these people the scourge of the country? It is clear that if you erect a straight piece of wood, you doubt that its shadow is not straight, and even if you rack your brains, you can't see the curved shadow.

If you want to be respectful and loyal to the king, you must be selfless inside and outside, and trust each other between the king and the minister. Trust is crucial to governing the country. Once upon a time, Qi Huangong said to Guan Zhong, "I'm going to put the wine in a wine container to spoil it, and put the meat in a pot to rot. Is this harmless to governing the country? " Guan Zhong said: "This is not good, but it is also harmless to governing the country." Qi Huangong asked, "So what will harm the country?" Guan Zhong said: "Ignorance of talents is detrimental to hegemony; Knowing that it is a talent and not appointing it properly is detrimental to hegemony; Appointment and refusal of trust are detrimental to hegemony; Trusting and letting the villains get involved is detrimental to hegemony. " Mubo, the bank of Jin, attacked the land of drums, but he failed to conquer it in a year. He said, "I know the people in this place called Drum. I can capture this place without dispatching troops to fight. " Mubo ignored him, and the officials around him said, "You don't need a single soldier, you can get it by playing drums. Why not listen to the feedback? " Mu Bo said: "The breadwinner is treacherous and heartless. If he takes the drum, can I not reward him? If you reward him, aren't you rewarding the evil villain? If the villain succeeds, it is to let the Jin people give up righteousness and preach evil. What's the use even if you get the drum land? " The doctor in the Warring States period, Guan Zhong, was the right-hand man of the overlord. They value their credit so much that they alienate the villains. What's more, your majesty is a wise monarch with a noble title in past dynasties. How can it be detrimental to lofty virtues?

In order to distinguish between gentlemen and villains, the king must comfort them with kindness, treat them with honesty, encourage them with morality, control them with etiquette, then praise good deeds, eliminate evil deeds, punish them carefully and know how to reward them. Having done this, the villain has nowhere to hide, the gentleman strives for self-improvement, and the policy of governing the country by doing nothing is not far off. If we praise good deeds but can't carry them forward, abandon evil deeds but can't put an end to them, and don't punish guilty people and reward meritorious ministers, then the period of peril may come soon, so that future generations can enjoy prosperity forever. What hope is there?

After reading the recitation, Emperor Taizong sighed, "If I hadn't met Wei Zhi, how could I have heard such heartfelt words?"

Emperor Taizong said to Sun Changmowgli and other ministers: "When I first acceded to the throne, many people wrote to imply that some of them wanted me to monopolize the power and not to reuse my deputy;" I was asked to strengthen my troops in order to deter and subdue the minority nationalities in all directions. Only Wei Zhi advised me to "reduce martial arts, advocate civilized management, and apply morality extensively." He said that as long as the Central Plains is stable, foreigners in the distance will naturally submit. I followed his advice, and finally the world won peace. Foreign leaders from remote areas came to pay tribute, and people from various ethnic minorities also came in a steady stream. All this is due to Wei Zhi. Don't I know how to use people? Wei Zhi thanked him and said, "This is because of His Majesty's holiness and dedication to government affairs. I'm just ignorant and can't bear the divine will. How can I help you so much? "

In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said to his ministers: "The Analects of Confucius said,' It is better to have no food than to have people trust in the country', and Confucius said,' If people don't believe in the country, they can't establish a country'." Once upon a time, Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, invaded Xianyang and controlled the world. If he can work hard to implement benevolent policies, who can compete with him for the world? Fang replied: "Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith are called the five permanent members, and it is not good to abandon any of them. If these five permanent members can be seriously implemented, it will be of great benefit to the country. Yin violated the five permanent members and was destroyed. Xiang Yu was captured by Emperor Gaozu because of his unbelief. Your majesty's words are true. "

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