Dung beetles must be decomposers. Vultures mainly eat animal carcasses, which can be regarded as decomposers. Of course, they can also be regarded as consumers, because they can eat other creatures. Here, the three components of the ecosystem are not absolutely only one component, and an organism can be several components. For example, some plants (Nepenthes) can carry out photosynthesis under the condition of light, and they can also kill small animals (flies) to decompose. At this time, they are consumers.

Earthworms are animals, but they decompose corpses and are decomposers, not consumers.

Dung beetles eat feces, vultures mainly eat corpses, but they can also prey on living animals.

1. It is functional to distinguish the role of ecosystem. Look at your specific problem. Producers produce organic matter, consumers prey on living organic matter, and decomposers prey on animal and plant carcasses.

2. Material circulation can be said to be two-way and has global characteristics.

3. The characteristics of energy flow along the food chain are: one-way flow, gradual decline, and the transmission efficiency is between 10%-20%.

Information transmission can be said to be one-way or two-way.

There are only producers and consumers in the food chain, and there can be no decomposers and abiotic substances. Generally, there are only five kinds of nutrients, because the energy will gradually decrease, so that it is impossible to feed one nutrient later (this can explain that "one mountain can't accommodate two tigers")

6. Succession refers to different primary and secondary time and different initial conditions (soil).

7. Stability has two aspects: resistance and toughness. Resistance is directly proportional to the complexity of nutrients and inversely proportional to resilience. However, in particularly fragile systems (such as the Arctic tundra ecosystem), the special resistance and resilience are poor.

I hope I can help you. It doesn't matter if you focus on one. If you completely agree, you will get extra points. If you don't agree, you can do it yourself