A, material requirements:
1, flaky: the thickness of flaky is not less than 15cm, and the wall is 35 cm. Oval or thin, weathered, flaked and severely corroded stones shall not be used.
2. Sand: medium (coarse) sand is used, and the particle size of sand is not more than 5 mm.. Before use, sieve with 5 mm aperture. The silt content of sand shall not be greater than 5%.
3. Cement: each batch of cement should have the factory certificate of the manufacturer, and the cement with a storage period of more than three months should be retested to determine the label. Cement should be stored in a well-ventilated place, and moisture-proof and waterproof measures should be taken. It is forbidden to use caking cement.
4. Mixing water: use qualified water or drinking water, not field gutter water.
Second, the masonry operation requirements
1. Mortar: The mixture ratio determined by experiments is adopted, and the ingredients are prepared in strict accordance with the weight ratio, and the mortar is mechanically stirred. It is forbidden to mix mortar manually. Mortar should have good workability, and the construction site can be inspected by intuitive methods, that is, the mortar is kneaded into small balls by hand, which will not be loose after being released and will not flow down by the ash shovel. Mortar should be used during mixing and used up within 3-4 hours after mixing. Each construction team shall make at least two sets of mortar specimens every day.
2, masonry technology:
Masonry should be watered and wetted before use. If there is dirt or scale on the stone surface, it should be cleaned and chiseled away. Before laying the first layer of foundation blocks, if the basement is rock, the surface of the basement should be cleaned and wetted, and then laid with mortar. If the basement is earthen, level it and lay it directly with mortar. It is forbidden to throw stones and mortar masonry. Masonry shall be built by sections and layers, the length of sections shall generally not exceed 10m, the location of sections shall be located at settlement joints as far as possible, the horizontal joints of each masonry section shall be approximately horizontal, and the height difference of masonry in adjacent working sections shall not exceed1.2m.
When laying, double lines should be hung horizontally and vertically, and each layer of stones should be placed firmly. Mortar between blocks should be full and firmly bonded, and it is not allowed to spread directly or empty drum. Bottom mud should be covered. Vertical joint mortar should be laid on one side of the stone that has been laid, and the stone should be packed and compacted after it is put away. When laying the upper block, the vibration of the lower block should be avoided. It is forbidden to throw stones or mortar on the masonry from the top of the foundation pit to avoid impacting the masonry. After the masonry project is interrupted, when the masonry is resumed, the masonry surface should be cleaned and watered.
Stones should be built in layers, and 2 ~ 3 layers of blocks form a working layer. The horizontal joints of each working layer should be roughly horizontal, and the vertical joints of each working layer should be staggered and not connected. Cornerstone should be square, large in size, alternately biting into the inner block, and the width of mortar joint is 2-3cm. Larger stones should be placed in the lower layer, facing down, and the sharp protruding parts of the stones should be knocked off.
The spacing of settlement expansion joints is generally10m, and the joint width is 2 cm. They should be horizontally penetrated and filled with asphalt felt, and the depth along the inside, outside and top side of the wall should be not less than 65,438+05 cm.
Every 2-3 meters, stagger a drain hole up and down. Ф 60 mm PVC pipe is used as the drainage hole, and the drainage hole on the back of the wall is wrapped with geotextile for gravel filtration.
Three, pointing and maintenance of stone masonry
The bonding tool for masonry can be made of round steel. Masonry in this contract section needs jointing. The marking number of jointing mortar shall be no less than 10, and jointing shall be embedded in the joint of 10 mm ~ 16 mm ... When the depth of the groove is not enough, the depth shall be cut before jointing, and the width and thickness of the groove shall be approximately the same. Watering for health after jointing initial setting to prevent cracks from falling off.