(2) The understanding of democracy is different: the reporter thinks that the people are more important than the army to be the foundation of democracy, while Chen Duxiu thinks that this is only people-oriented, which is far from the spirit of democracy; There are different understandings of orthodoxy: the reporter thinks that orthodoxy can be integrated with democracy, while Chen Duxiu thinks that there is no room for communication between them; The understanding of the relationship between regime and political principle is different: the reporter thinks that although regime changes, political principle can remain unchanged, while Chen Duxiu thinks that political principle should change with regime change. (6 points)
(3) The sub-item scoring method is adopted for this big question. The elements of scoring observation are: viewpoint, historical facts, exposition and organization. (15)
Scoring item 1: number of views (3 points)
Answer L: Chen Duxiu can be the object of cultural interpretation: Chen Duxiu's interpretation of Chinese and western cultures is based on his own ideal of saving the country and the result of projecting his ideals and beliefs on culture.
Answer 2: Being able to jump out of the text and connect the content of the text with the social background, Chen Duxiu's understanding of China culture is based on his thinking about the realistic problems in China at that time.
Answer 3: Comment on the text itself: Chen Duxiu is suspected of absolutizing Chinese and Western cultures.
Answer 4: No opinions or opinions have nothing to do with the situation: Chen Duxiu advocates total westernization, etc.
Grade two: historical facts (6 points)
Answer 1: The information provided by the text can be extracted and related to the historical facts such as the background and position of the text reader.
Answer 2: We can extract direct and indirect information from this article.
Answer 3: You can extract direct information from the text.
Answer 4: No text information is used.
Grade 3: Discussion (4 points)
Answer l: it can be said from the outside to the inside.
Answer 2: Historical facts, viewpoints and arguments can be consistent and logically complete.
Answer 3: Historical facts, viewpoints and arguments are inconsistent, and the logic is chaotic.
Answer 4: Avoid the question.
Scoring Item 4: Organization (2 points)
Answer 1: Narration enters the structure. ? Answer 2: The narrative is coherent and smooth. ? Answer 3: Only historical facts can be listed.
Analysis of test questions: (1) According to the source of the material "New Youth" and the content of the debate between Chen Duxiu and journalists, it can be seen that feudal laws and regulations such as respecting the monarch, teaching Taoism and respecting ministers can be integrated with the political system of a democratic republic. We can know that this is the early period of the New Culture Movement, so we can answer it by combining the achievements of criticizing feudal culture in the early period of the New Culture Movement.
(2) According to the "people-oriented principle" and "modern democracy" in the materials, the understanding of democracy is different; From "the inherent civilization based on the principle of respecting religion in monarch, Taoism and ministers' festivals, if it is integrated with the current state system, there must be exchanges" and "the state system is now Republican but not practical, and there is no room for integration and exchange with the principle of respecting religion in monarch, Taoism and ministers' festivals", we can see that the understanding of China's norms and respecting religion is different; It can be seen from "political principles since ancient times" and "the so-called" changing the soup without changing the medicine "that the relationship between regime and political principles is different.
(3) This question requires a high level of knowledge transfer, the combination of history and theory, the discussion from the perspective of history and the ability of language expression. To answer this question, candidates need to extract their own viewpoints according to the materials, and then take their own viewpoints, knowledge organization background, viewpoints and other related historical facts as arguments, and also establish a full logical connection between historical facts and viewpoints in the answers, and express them accurately and completely in historical language.