1, the pathogenic factors of breast cancer
1, reproductive factors
Professional women often have great work pressure, tense pace of life, common phenomenon of late marriage and late childbirth, low breast-feeding penetration rate and short maintenance time. In order to stay away from breast cancer, do not encourage late childbearing or lifelong infertility, prevent multiple abortions, and try to breastfeed after giving birth.
2. Changes in nutritional diet structure
Overnutrition, overweight and obesity in adolescence advance physiological development and menarche; There are eating habits of high fat, high protein, high calorie and low cellulose, such as eating fried food, fast food and various cakes and sweets, but the intake of coarse grains and vegetables is insufficient; After menopause, due to improper eating habits, weight increased significantly; Unreasonably increasing the intake of dietary sex hormones for a long time; The artificial intervention of hormone replacement therapy prolonged the menopausal age; Estrogen supplementation after menopause. All these factors will greatly increase the risk of breast cancer.
3. Mental factors
Modern women are prone to anxiety, impatience, loneliness and depression. Long-term adverse emotional stimulation, body rhythm disorder, neuroendocrine system dysfunction, will lead to internal environment imbalance, decreased immunity, easy to cause cancer.
4. Environmental factors
Long-term exposure to various harmful substances, such as chemicals and physical radiation; Long-term smoking, alcoholism and other bad habits and heredity are high-risk factors for breast cancer.
2, the way to prevent breast cancer.
Method 1: drink less.
Studies have shown that drinking two glasses of wine a day will increase the risk of breast cancer by 2 1%. Try eating grapes to relieve alcohol addiction. Resveratrol contained in grapes can reduce the estrogen content in the body, thus playing a role in preventing breast cancer.
Method 2: Eat more vegetables.
A low-fat diet can greatly reduce the risk of breast cancer, and eating more vegetables is of great benefit to our breast health. Adding cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and cabbage, to the diet is an effective way to prevent breast cancer. The sulforaphane contained in these vegetables can inhibit the replication of cancer cells in the body. Eating these vegetables raw can also double the preventive effect!
Method 3: Check regularly.
Every woman should get into the habit of regular physical examination, at least once every three years, and once a year after the age of 40. For women with family history, regular physical examination should be started 10 years in advance according to the age of the family members diagnosed.
Method 4: Moderate exercise
Exercise at least five days a week for at least 45 minutes each time. Regular exercise habits can improve our immunity, prevent obesity and reduce the contents of estrogen and insulin in our bodies.
Method 5: Gene detection
Studies have shown that young women suffering from breast cancer are most likely caused by mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes. People who carry this gene can be divided into two categories: one is the descendants of Ashkenazi Jews, and the other is the family history of both breast cancer and ovarian cancer. If you are one of the above two categories, then you should go to the relevant institutions for consultation and do a breast cancer susceptibility gene test.
Method 6: Keep your weight.
Being overweight will increase the chances of getting sick and reduce the chances of being cured, while being underweight will also weaken our body's disease resistance. Therefore, keeping weight at a healthy level is conducive to preventing breast diseases.
Method 7: Understand the family history.
In all breast cancer cases, 15% patients have family history. If one of your immediate family members has had breast cancer, your chances of getting sick are twice as high as the average person. If two of your immediate family members have had diseases, your chances of getting breast cancer are five times as high as others. Knowing family history can help us prevent diseases as early as possible.
As long as you do the above 7 points, I believe that breast cancer will be far away from you. You should not only do these things yourself, but also tell your female friends this common sense.
3. Early symptoms of breast cancer
1. In the early stage of breast cancer, there is usually a lump in the breast, but some breast cancer patients do not have a lump, but they often feel local discomfort, especially postmenopausal women. Sometimes they feel mild pain and discomfort in one breast, or one shoulder and back is heavy, sore and uncomfortable, and even pull the upper arm.
2. In the early stage of breast cancer, the breast will touch a lump the size of a broad bean, which is generally hard and can move. Under normal circumstances, there will be no pain, but some people will have dull pain, tingling and other symptoms.
3. The appearance of breasts will change. Skin swelling can be seen in the place where the lump occurs, and orange peel appears in some parts, and even symptoms such as edema, eczema and discoloration may occur.
4. Nipple retraction, invagination, breast skin depression, nipple erosion, nipple asymmetry.
5. Nipple may overflow, nipple may overflow blood sample, or it may overflow pus.
6. Regional lymph node enlargement, generally speaking, is ipsilateral axillary lymph node enlargement.