Li Bai is a great poet who pushed Tang poetry to its peak after Chen Ziang. His appearance contributed to the arrival of the first golden age of China's classical poetry. His creative achievements in poetry pushed the tradition of romantic poetry in China initiated by Qu Yuan to a new climax. Li Bai's poems and songs are precious world cultural heritage.
Li Bai (70 1 ~ 762) was born in Mianzhou (now Jiangyou). There are different opinions about his birth and death year and birthplace. Due to the limitation of literature, it seems difficult to reach a consistent conclusion in a short time. Academics is the common cause of academic circles. Based on the principle of equality and obedience to truth, the discussion can be further deepened. But the above problems will not change a basic fact, that is, in any case, Li Bai has lived in Shu for more than 20 years, which is his growth period. His "cultural gene" can be said to be completely accepted in Shu, and his temperament and character were also formed in Shu. Therefore, we can say that he is from Shu. As a general rule, it seems unnecessary to argue. There was an episode before his death, but it ended. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Qiu Min collected 30 volumes of Li Taibai. The most popular is The Complete Works of Li Taibai edited and annotated by Wang Qi in Qing Dynasty. There are Qu Tuiyuan and Zhu Jincheng's Notes on Li Bai, and An Qi's Notes on the Chronology of Li Bai's Complete Works. The old Tang book was circulated in 1900, and the new Tang book was circulated in 2002.
First of all, we should have a clear understanding of his life experience and creation.
His life can be divided into the following stages:
The growth period in central Sichuan (70 1 ~ 725)
This is a period of ignorance, reading, visiting, self-cultivation, training and determination. "Five-year-old back liujia, ten years old to see hundreds. I heard it quite clearly from Xuanyuan. " ("History of Shang 'an Pei Chang") "Fifteen wonderful books, written by Ling Xiangru." (To Zhang Xiangyu) "Fifteen immortals." What he said himself reflects the diligence of Li Bai, a teenager. At the age of eighteen, he lived in seclusion in his hometown of Kuangshan, studied hard, and studied under Zhao Yan, a hermit in Yanting. 1920, Su Xiang, a great literary master, was published as A Long History of Yizhou by Shangshu of the Ministry of Rites. "White thorn in the Tao, waiting for charity, because of the group of Liao Tian:' This child is a genius and has never finished writing. Although Feng didn't succeed in school, he could see the bones of the car. If he studies extensively, he can keep pace with others. After that, he traveled to Chengdu, entered Emei Mountain, hid in the sunshine of Minshan Mountain with Dongyanzi, and raised thousands of rare birds and animals. Around the age of twenty-five, in order to realize the ambition of the four directions, he went to the countryside with his sword, left his relatives behind and traveled along the river. From then on, he stepped into a brand-new and vast world and began to struggle for self-worth.
During this period, he not only absorbed rich and profound knowledge, cultivated extensive talents, but also established grand and extraordinary ambitions. He studied a wide range of subjects, but he was most fascinated by Taoism and vertical and horizontal studies. He learned the spirit of chaff from Taoism, secular independence and the pursuit of freedom, and learned the bizarre, extraordinary and flexible style from strategists. He is also good at Ren Xia, and he has developed a character that hates evil and cares about money and justice. For Confucianism, he learned from it to help the world and benefit the people, abandoned it and stuck to classics and etiquette. He is not only good at poetry, but also good at fencing, wandering immortals and keeping in good health. In his mind, Sima Xiangru, a great fu master in his hometown, is the person he admires most, because Sima Xiangru can learn from this talented master. This understanding decided that he disdained the first house in his life, and wanted to move officials and officials in the name of "being wise and brave and ready to help others" (biography of Dai Shoushan answering Meng Shaofu) as the value orientation of imperial teachers. He compared himself to Dapeng, who surpassed all birds, and this ambition became the driving force of his shocking pursuit of life.
Not many of his works in this period have been handed down. Interview with Taoist Dai Tian is the earliest extant poem.
In the barking of dogs, peach blossoms are thick. See the deer when the tree is deep, but don't ring the bell at noon.
Wild bamboos are green and misty, and flying springs hang blue peaks. No one knows where to go. I'm worried about two or three loose.
The scenery in the poem is beautiful and unique, like entering a fairyland, which naturally exaggerates the lofty aspirations of Taoist Dai and expresses the poet's infinite admiration. This is the first work, which is extraordinary and shows the amazing talent of the poet. When he was 22 years old, he wrote Deng Jincheng Scattered Flowers Building in Chengdu, which is also very good:
Rizhao Jincheng head, lights scattered flowers embrace. Gold window embroidered door, silver hook hanging bead foil.
I'm worried about my eyes on the ladder of green clouds and clouds. Sunset rain flows through the Three Gorges, while the spring river flows around Shuangliu.
Today's visit is like a nine-day tour.
This poem depicts the bright and colorful atmosphere of the ancient Naibu, and expresses the joy of the poet when he first arrived in the metropolis. Later, he wrote "Climbing Mount Emei J", praising this picturesque fairy mountain and expressing his desire for immortals. Of course, the wish of longevity cannot be realized, but Emei probably left a deep impression on him. Until his later years, he mentioned this famous mountain in his hometown in his poems. When he left Shu and walked out of the canyon, he couldn't forget the moon in Emei:
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
Qingxi went to the Three Gorges in the evening, but I missed Yuzhou.
("Emei Mountain Moon Song")
Li Bai is best at quatrains, which is the first of his four poems. There are five place names in it, but there are no traces of piling up. It still looks natural and muddy, showing his ingenuity in using a pen.
Making friends, getting married, entering Chang 'an for the first time.
In the 13th year of Kaiyuan, Bai Ji went out to Jiangling, where he met Sima Cheng, a famous Taoist figure, and was praised. He wrote "Dapeng meets rare birds" as a metaphor. Then I went to Jiangxia, where I went to Dongting Lake. My country friend Wu Guide died, and I was so sad that I had the right to bury the lake. Following the trip to Jinling, Yangzhou and Huiji. In Yangzhou, "in less than a year, I have scattered more than 300 thousand, and my son who has lost his soul." Two years later, I returned to Jiangxia, where I borrowed money from beggars to camp and bury Wu Zhidao. Then go north to Fangcheng and go south to rest in Anlu. In the tenth and fifth years of Kaiyuan, Li Bai was twenty-seven years old and married his granddaughter who had promised to be a teacher in Anlu, and settled here. The following spring, I went to Jiangxia and sent Meng Haoran to Guangling for a visit. In eighteen years, Li Anlu went to Beijing for the first time and lived in seclusion in Zhong Nanshan, in order to delay the care of the monarch, but failed to do so. He left Chang 'an in the summer of 20 years, traveled to Liang and Song Dynasties in the east, and still returned to Anlu. In twenty-two years, I met Han Chaozong in Xiangzhou, traveled to Luobei, and went to Taiyuan with Yuan Danqiu. Twenty-four years later, in Donglu, he settled in the city (now Jining, Shandong) and met Kong, Han Zhun, Pei Zheng, and Tao Lang in Culai Mountain, named "Zhu Xi Liu Yi". I have been to Luoyang, Baling and Nanyang in the middle. In the first year of Tianbao, Li Bai, a minor celebrity, attracted Xuanzong's attention and summoned him to Beijing because of the recommendation of Princess Yu Zhen (Xuanzong's sister, a Taoist believer and a teacher surnamed Ying). After Li Bai got the news, he placed the child in Nanling (now Anling County, Anhui Province) and went to Chang 'an again with confidence.
Li Bai's main activities during this period were roaming and making friends. His purpose is clear. He once said, "... I think that when a scholar is born, he will shoot in all directions, so I know that a gentleman must have ambitions in all directions." "(Pei Changshi, Upper Anzhou) He also" said to his friends: I can't go. Both Elda and I are helping the world. If we are poor, we will be very good at ... Shen Guan's words, seeking the skills of emperors, and striving for the wisdom of emperors, and I am willing to help them make the Atlas area big, Hai Xian County clear, the way of being a monarch, the meaning of honor and disgrace, and then it is not difficult to fight Cangzhou with Tao Zhu, Liu Hou and Fuwu Lake. " ("Dai Shoushan answers Meng Shaofu's relocation document") It can be seen that whether he roams, makes friends or even lives in seclusion, he is trying to express himself, to make a name for himself in the ruling and opposition parties, to show his strength and to encourage the owners. He did know quite a few people, such as Jade Princess, (son) and other dignitaries, such as Han Zongzong and Pei Changshi, famous Taoist hermits such as Sima and Yuan Danqiu, and famous poets such as Meng Haoran and Wang Changling, which played a great role in pushing and pulling Li Bai's glory. Because of this, Li Bai was known to Xuanzong. As Du Jiahe said, "Xiangzi's entry into Qin was the same. Looking at Zixu's Fu from above, I am happy at the same time. So, I am going to get on the bus, and I am waving at night. " Li added: "In Tianbao, the emperor's ancestors sent a letter to the golden horse and greeted it at the next level, as if they saw splendor. Send the food to Qibao bed, bring it up with a spoon, and say,' You are cloth, and I know your name. If you are not a vegetarian, you can't do this! It is really rare to treat with a piece of cloth. It took Li Bai sixteen years to achieve this goal. Sixteen years is not a long time. If Li Bai had taken the road of imperial examination and relied on his own talent, he might have been close to Xuanzong for so long, but he didn't want to do that. He is a Dapeng, not an ordinary bird. He often poses as Sima Xiangru, Guan Zhong, Le Yi, Fan Li, Lu Zhonglian, Sean, Zhuge Liang, Xie An and other rare figures. Since he has such high expectations of self-worth, he has to be different from others in choosing the way to realize the value of life. This is just as his esteemed Si Xiangru said: "There must be extraordinary people in the world, then extraordinary things, extraordinary things, and then extraordinary achievements. If a husband is extraordinary, he will be different from ordinary people. In fact, this road is very difficult. We read his History of Shang 'an Peichang, knowing that he was "destroyed by many people" and met with a lot of resistance. It can be understood that it is natural for him to leave Beijing for the first time without success. But Li Bai's greatness lies in his great ambition, self-confidence and fighting spirit. He never flinched. So he finally sang "Laugh Up to the Sky" at the beginning of Tianbao, and then he happily returned to Chang 'an.
Li Bai's poems in this period, both in quantity and quality, greatly exceeded those in the middle period of Shu. He not only made great progress in creative themes, but also showed a distinct personality in art. First of all, it is worth noting that when he rushed out of the Three Gorges with the river and saw a vast and strange new world, he wrote many landscape poems. For example, seeing friends off at Jingmen Ferry:
It's far away from Jingmen, and soon you will be with southerners. At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
The moon is lifted like a mirror, clouds are gathering and the sea is embracing. The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
Although reading poems is written for farewell, it is actually about the feeling of running away from home and leaving the canyon. The magnificent scenery of couplets reflects the poet's passionate mind, which has always been comparable to Du Fu's "Stars from the open space, the moon from the river" ("One Night in a Foreign Country"). The couplet is very comfortable, and you can feel the poet's deep love for his hometown.
Since then, with his travels, he has also written poems such as Autumn in Jingmen, Looking at Lushan Waterfall, Hengjiang Ci, Early Autumn in Taiyuan, Boating in Donglumen, and Visiting Mount Tai. , expressing his joy at the scenery of mountains and rivers in different regions. Secondly, he also wrote some love poems, such as Wu Ye Tune, Xie Yanger, Long March, Jiang and so on. It can be seen that these poems are influenced by western music, which should be the result of absorbing nutrients from folk literature during his roaming. These poems are touching and touching. They not only show the poet's sympathy and respect for women, but also reflect the poet's own rich and delicate feelings. It shows that Li Bai is not only heroic and broad-minded, but also affectionate. Very chivalrous and soft-hearted. Some poems he wrote at this time expressed his bold side. For example, Mocking Ru Ru reflects the poet's great ambition to save the world by mocking corrupt scholars, while Songs of Xiangyang and Songs on the River express his melancholy and anger. He denies fame and fortune in his poems, reflecting his grievances and broadmindedness when he encounters obstacles in pursuing his personal values. Try Ode to the River;
Mulan's boat is a crab boat with Yu Di and gold pipes at both ends, and there are thousands of welcome trees in the wine bottle.
Take the prostitute. The immortal in the Yellow Crane Tower is still waiting for the Yellow Crane to leave, but I have no heart to swim with Bai Ou on foot this time.
Qu Ping's Ci hangs the sun and the moon, and Chu Wang's pavilion is empty. Xing Han put pen to paper and shook the five mountains,
Poetry becomes a smile and makes Cangzhou proud. If fame and wealth can be used in the Han River, I am afraid that the northwest will be fought back by the northwest.
If you know Li Bai's character, you will realize that the prostitute in the poem is not decadent; It is not true to despise fame, but it is true to praise Qu Yuan's immortality, so the poem is still affirming itself. From this, we can get a glimpse of Li Bai's painful mental journey in adversity. In addition, his poems about seeing friends off also show his interest. For example, the poem "A Message to Meng Haoran" actually embodies the nobleness of Li Bai's "indomitable, unwilling to work hard and being alone" (answering Meng Shaofu's letter on behalf of Shoushan). And "The Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran in Yangzhou" shows how much he cherishes friendship:
Old friends frequently waved to me, bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower, and traveled to Yangzhou in this beautiful spring filled with catkins and flowers. Sailing alone in the blue sky, I can see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky.
Hanlin period (742 ~ 744)
When Li Bai arrived in Chang 'an, the prince's guest Zhang Zhi saw it. "He is a strange white man, and he is called a fallen fairy." (Preface to the Collection of Hao Wei and Li Hanlin), please reprint Shu Dao Nan to show it. If you haven't finished reading it, the number of sighing people is four, and the number is' fallen immortals'. ..... Look at his "Wuqi Qu" and cry bitterly:' This poem can make the gods cry! At this time, Li Bai was placed in the Hanlin Academy and was enshrined by a letter, but he was not granted a formal official position. When Xuanzong admired his literary name, he was very polite. "He was placed in the Jindian, in and out of the Hanlin, asking about national politics, and diving into the grass to write an imperial edict. People don't know. " But "ugliness is in the same column, harm can become slander, epigrams don't enter, and the emperor uses them with caution." Volkswagen is a wanderer who is addicted to wine. When singing, he repeatedly called Dongshan ... The son of heaven knew that he could not stay long, so he returned it. "(Li's preface to the collection of thatched cottage) After three years in Tianbao, Li Bai left Chang 'an. Less than two years after he devoted himself to Hanlin, he left Beijing in white. His long-standing dream of "helping others" was shattered.
Although it was only two or three years, Li Bai's mood fluctuated from time to time, and his mood changed greatly during his stay in Beijing. Some of his works at this time reflect this change. As a newcomer to the Hanlin Academy, he is highly respected. It is said that he has written various articles, such as Imperial edict, Congratulations and Xuanyou. Xuanzong promised to give his life to China's calligraphy (see, Liu's Story of the Moon), but the above article no longer exists, and it is difficult to tell whether it is true or false. When he entered the palace, he wrote three qingping tunes, and Song Chuanglu recorded his skills, which has been passed down as a much-told story. This poem is really well written;
Beautiful people who see the bright clouds, think of their clothes and see flowers come to see them. If it weren't for the head of the Yushan Mountains,
I will meet Yaotai under the moon.
A red dew is fragrant, and the rain is heartbroken. Excuse me, who looks like Han Palace?
The poor swallow leans against her new makeup.
Famous flowers fall in love and laugh like kings. Explain the infinite hatred for the spring breeze,
The agarwood pavilion withers in the north.
Taibai will also write Ten Poems of Palace Music (there are eight poems today) according to "Poetry Art", which is also a pen that keeps waving and instantly becomes a structure. I recorded the second song today:
The willow is golden and tender, and the pear flower is fragrant with snow. Jade embraces the apple nest, and the pearl hall locks the mandarin duck.
Choose prostitutes and carve generations, and ask for songs to go out of the bridal chamber. Who is the first person in the palace? Yan Fei is in Zhaoyang.
The above poems are rich and luxurious, charming, fresh and elegant, natural and natural, and won the palace words. But in fact, Li Bai is only regarded as a literary jester, which is not his original intention. He wanted to make a difference in politics, but Xuanzong didn't want to reuse it. His heart is very sad at this time, and "Antique XV" seems to be made at this time:
With Guo Rose engaged, Gao Zhu. Ju came from Zhao to Yan, and then Zou Yan came from Qi.
But now the ruler has abandoned me like dust. They would rather spend pearls and jade on singing and dancing than on cultivating talents.
Only when you know that Huang is drifting thousands of miles alone.
Coupled with unprovoked slander, he was angry. He is determined to leave and bide his time. Three poems that are difficult to go to express the complicated mood at this time. Choose one now:
The cost of pure wine is a gold cup, 10 thousand copper coins and a hip flask, and I am ashamed of 10 thousand yuan. You can't eat without drinking,
I pulled out my dagger and looked around in vain. I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun. Travel is hard.
Don't go astray! Where to go today. One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
In extreme depression, Li Bai, who was addicted to alcohol, indulged in drinking. He hopes to forget all the unhappiness in drunkenness. One of his poems, "Poems of Four Drinks Alone in the Moon", said:
Flowers in the next pot of wine, no friends, drink alone. Raise my cup, I invite the bright moon, which brings me its shadow and makes us three people.
The moon doesn't know how to drink, but the shadow in front of it is behind. I have to mingle with them and enjoy the happiness of spring.
I sang. The moon encouraged me, and my dance was chaotic. Wake up and be happy together, and disperse after drunkenness.
Will goodwill be guaranteed? I think the Milky Way is a long way.
Only the bright moon can keep her company, which shows how lonely Li Baiduo is, how stressful he is and how dark the environment is! He had to leave. But he never believed that his value would never be realized. He had to bide his time. He sang in Fu Liangyin: "Long whistling Fu Liangyin, when will I see Yangchun?" Have you noticed? I sing to kill old people, and I come for Weibin in the 1980s ... Fu Liang sings with a sad voice. A bow and two dragons and two swords, God and things sometimes meet. A sense of wind and cloud will lead to killing and fishing. Adults should be safe, okay? "When Zhuge Liang didn't meet, he wrote Song of Fu Liang. Li Bai thought he was like Zhuge Liang who didn't succeed, like Lv Wang who didn't meet the King of Literature, and like Qu Yuan who was ignored by Emperor Gaozu, he couldn't beat the emperor. It can be seen that he is still anxiously looking forward to understanding him and reusing him in the future, thus getting a grand plan. This arrogant and unyielding spirit is quite similar to Qu Yuan's: unyielding to the villain, but loyal to the monarch, never stopping the pursuit of righteousness, and even this pursuit is more intense under the blow. This mentality buried the reason why he mistakenly visited Lilin in the East from Wang Yong in the future. The illusion of the ruling clique eventually led him into a greater tragedy.
Travel time from JD.COM (744 ~ 755)
Li Bai was forty-four when he left Beijing. He first traveled eastward to Luoyang, where he met Du Fu, a 33-year-old great poet. Two people are just like "old friends". When making friends, they are like brothers. Then he went to Chenliu and Bianzhou, where he met Du Fu and another great poet Gao Shi. The three of them took to the piano playing platform, hunted in osawa, drank and wrote poems, and got along well. Du Fu and Li Bai "get drunk and sleep together in autumn, and walk hand in hand every day" (Du Fu's "Seeking Ten Unique Skills with Li") have a deeper friendship. Shortly after Gao Shi broke up, Du Li went to East Road to visit the celebrity Li Yong. After that, Li Bai went and asked for a Taoist seal of higher education. Then he went south to wuyue and traveled to Jinling, Yangzhou and Lujiang for several years. Further north to Donglu, west to Liang and Song. Due to the early death of Mrs. Xu, he married the daughter of Liangyuan. In the eleventh year of Tianbao, I visited thistle in the north and was deeply worried about the frontier situation at that time. The following year, after Liang and Song Dynasties, he toured Xuancheng and Jinling in the south. I'm worried about the current situation.
During this time, Li Bai wandered around, seemingly chic, but in fact he was depressed and restless. He is not only deeply dissatisfied with the social reality, but also anxious about not realizing his ambition. This complex emotion is manifested in the song of Liangyuan, the song of Zhi Cen, this song is a song, this song is a song, this song is a song, this song is a song, this song is a song. Song's "Twelve Cold Nights", drinking alone, expressed great indignation at the corruption of state affairs and the madness of villains;
Last night, Wu Zhongxue, Ziyou became prosperous. ..... life is impermanent. In a hundred years,
And it must be filled with eternal love. No, you can't. The golden distance of the beaver paste makes you gasp and blow the rainbow.
Can't, learn from Shu Ge, Qinghai night knife, Western Tushibao purple robe.
Poetry is not worth a glass of water in the north window. ..... If the gold runs out, it will not be delivered.
Whitehead is regarded as a Confucian body. When we talk about a smile, it loses its color, flies scream and slander.
Was it a murderer? Rumors and loving mothers surprised me. Talking to you, holding your hand,
What's the difference between honor and disgrace? Kong Sheng heard that LAM Raymond was injured, and Dong Long's situation was even worse!
A proud and bitter life is not harmonious, and the goodwill and goodwill of the media are better. Have you noticed, Li Beihai,
Where is the heroic spirit of the British style today? If you don't look at Pei Shangshu, there are three feet of wormwood thorns in the earth grave.
Teenagers have long wanted to go to the Five Lakes. Seeing this, I will spare Zhong Ding.
Here, we not only ridicule the lucky villain of cockfighting, but also satirize Ge Hanshu, who has expanded his territory and been promoted. More importantly, Li Yong and Pei Dunfu were killed by Li for no reason. The treacherous man succeeded, the honest man was slandered, and Confucius was not allowed to display his talents when he was alive. The whole world is so corrupt and dirty that the poet really wants to live in seclusion after being angry. "Into the wine" simply advocates eating, drinking and having fun, but it actually reveals that he is more persistent in his pursuit of success after being frustrated:
Have you ever noticed how the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, never to return?
Have you noticed that the lovely hair in the bright mirror in the high room, although it is silky black in the morning, has turned into snow at night.
Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he wants to go, and never point his golden cup at the moon empty! . Since God has given talents, let them be used! ,
Spin a thousand silver coins and come back! . Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a big drink! .
Master Cen, Dan Qiusheng, bring the wine in! Let your cup never stop! . Let me sing you a song! ,
Let your ears listen! . What are bells and drums, delicacies and treasures? Let me get drunk forever and never be rational! .
Ancient sober people and sages were forgotten, and only great drinkers can be immortalized. Prince Chen gave a banquet in the completion hall.
Ten thousand coins in a barrel of wine, with a lot of laughter and one-liners. Why do you say, my master, your money is gone? , to buy wine, we drink together! .
Five flower horses, Hsi Chin, give them to the boy in exchange for good wine. Whatever you want, sell eternal sorrow.
In this kind of anguish and hesitation, the whole society was involved in a greater disaster: An Shi Rebellion broke out.
Escape from chaos and exile (755 ~ 762)
The corruption and violence of the supreme ruler soon came to bitter fruit, and An Lushan finally launched a rebellion in November of Tianbao 14th year. The chaotic army went south and even fell into the two capitals, and the Tang Dynasty was in jeopardy. At this time, Li Bai ran from Xuancheng to Dangtu, then took a towel to avoid chaos, and soon arrived in Lushan, where he lived in seclusion and watched the current situation. In the winter of the first year from Suzong to Germany (756), Li Lin, the king of Yongli who was guarding Jiangling, led troops to the Governor East without authorization. When crossing Lushan Mountain, he admired Li Bai and invited him into the screen again and again. Although Li Bai is in his fifties, he still has a strong heart and accepted the invitation. Who knows that Li Lin has separatist ambitions and was stopped when he arrived in Jinling and Runzhou. Lin li was wiped out, and she was killed. Li Bai fled west alone in the war, surrendered to Xunyang and was detained in prison. Later, Cui Huan, Song Ruosi and others helped him get out of prison. At the end of the year, Yelang had a long stream. When he arrived in Fengjie, Sichuan in the spring of the first year of Gan Yuan (759), he was pardoned, and then went east to Jiangxia, and then wandered between Xuancheng and Jinling. In the second year of last year (76 1), Bai was 60 years old and went to Li Guangbi to open an account and went to the southeast. He also volunteered to hire a thief and failed because of illness. Is to make Li Yidang tu. Baoying acceded to the throne in the Yuan Dynasty, leaving him to collect his bones, but he died before he became an official. Li Bai stayed in white all his life.
Li Bai is a pure child. He is always full of enthusiasm for the people of the country. Even when he is abandoned and has to escape from chaos and seclusion, he will stand up once he has the opportunity to serve the country. He is too lazy. His mistake came from Wang Yong, which is also the reason. I'm afraid it has something to do with fame and profit. So as soon as Li Lin invited him, he felt it was time to "enlarge the atlas area and make Hai Xian County clear" and decided to go out. He compared himself to Xie 'an, who lies high on the east mountain, to save people born in troubled times. His eleven Dong Xun Songs (four selections) can well reflect his excitement at this moment:
The mountains and rivers in the north are chaotic, and the four seas are like Yongjia South.
But with Dongshan Xie Anshi, I smile at Jinghu sand for you.
The second emperor did not return to the military parade, and the five tombs were pine and cypress, which was sad.
None of the vassal States came to save the land of Henan, but it was gratifying that Xian Jun led his troops to see the emperor.
The emperor favored his life in order to take an important task to enter the Chu customs and sweep the Jianghan area to victory.
At the beginning, Judy was opened from Yunmeng and Jinling was regarded as a mountain.
Try to take the king's jade whip and order Rong Lu to sit at the banquet.
As soon as the south wind blew, he swept away the sky, then went west to Chang 'an, and the victory went to the emperor, who worshipped him.
As can be seen from the poem, Li Bai's original intention is to support Wang Yong to govern the south, take Jiangdong as the important town, fight against the rebels, and return to Chang 'an to meet the western "double saints". Li Bai has no intention of supporting Wang Yong's rebellion and self-reliance. But after all, Li Bai was naive and became a victim of a feud. His ambition of Kuang Ji was shattered again, and he was in pain. In his autobiographical long poem "After Tian En Liu Yelang's chaos, I recalled the past and gave Jiang the prefect a good slaughter", he described the situation and experience at that time like this:
Tang Jun fought against the rebels, and dust dimmed the sea of clouds. The vegetation shakes and kills,
Stars have no luster. Bones turn into hills, what is the crime of ordinary people!
The servant lay on the top of the incense burner and ate all the medicines. The door opens and Jiujiang turns,
Five lakes under pillow. In the middle of the night, the water army came to Sun.
I made a mistake in an empty name, and the king sent troops to threaten me with his boat. Give 500 gold,
Throw it away like smoke. Resignation is not rewarded, it is against the sky.
Except that Wang Yong has become a rebel, he has to describe his repeated urging as "coercion", and all other statements are true. But Li Bai is indeed a very philosophical person, so once he was pardoned and returned to the East, he forgot his troubles:
Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills. ("Early Baidu City")
He is still so concerned about the unity of the people of the whole country. In the second year of Gan Yuan, there was a mutiny in Xiangzhou. There are poems such as "A Thief in Jingzhou talks about Dongting Lake" and "Military Songs of General Sima" which reflect the disasters caused by the war and praise the victory of counterinsurgency. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, before he saw the conscription in Zhang Yu (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province), he wrote A Trip to Zhang Yu, which sympathized with the people and encouraged thieves. This attitude is exactly the same as Du Fu's position at that time. Just last year, when he was getting weaker and weaker, he heard that Li Guangbi was out of town, near the Huaihe River. He also wrote a poem saying that he volunteered to join the army in order to make the best use of the lead knife. It can be seen that his heart for liberation has never weakened. Before he died, he sang and sighed:
Big Pengfei shook eight people, and the sky destroyed them, and the rest of the wind always excited them.
Tour the hibiscus and hang the stone (left). Who shed tears when Zhong Ni died?
("In Lugo")
His ambition to pursue a lifetime has not been realized, but he still has a lingering fear and thinks that he is still a "Dapeng". He thinks that there is no Confucius in the world, and no one can understand his regret. In feudal society, although literature has long been regarded as "a great cause of governing the country and an immortal event", it must be a big official to realize political ambitions, and literature is only a vassal of politics. However, Li Bai didn't expect that "fame after a thousand years, fame after ten thousand years, what's good? When you die, it won't be there." It didn't succeed politically, but it recorded the poems he pursued all his life, making him immortal.