Crossing the 800-year Dialogue Art Hall
In the late autumn evening, with a sense of awe, I strolled along the long aisle of Yongle Palace and passed through the lush cypress forests on both sides, and spectacular ancient buildings came into view. It can be said that the view is dense, the temple pavilion is majestic and the atmosphere is solemn and solemn. "This is the Sanqing Hall, the main hall of Yongle Palace, also called the Wuji Hall. It is magnificent and the tallest in the whole palace. " Xi Jiulong, dean of Yongle Palace Mural Protection Research Institute, said.
"Yongle Palace is the earliest, largest and most well-preserved Quanzhen ancestral temple in the Yuan Dynasty. It is also the ancestral temple of Lv Dongbin, a famous Taoist scholar in the late Tang Dynasty. With a history of 800 years, it is a large Taoist garden integrating natural scenery, human history and leisure and health. " Xi Jiulong, president of the institute, said that Yongle Palace has preserved five Qing Dynasty buildings, namely, Shanmen, Longhu Hall, Wuji Hall, Chunyang Hall and Chongyang Hall. It was announced by the State Council as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in China, attracting teachers and students from major art colleges to come to teaching practice all the year round. "
A glimpse of the legacy of Tang and Song Dynasties with a stunning face
I see the characters in the murals are full and vivid, and some lines are as thin as hair. The most amazing thing is that ten-foot-long lines often can't see the place where the pen stops, as if in one go, and the site is constantly praised. Zhao Yun of the Central Broadcasting Network said excitedly: "The characters are all wearing the same clothes, some are meditating, some are talking, some are listening, and some are looking around, all of them are vivid and radiant. It is a valuable legacy in the history of world art. "
"The map of Yuan Chao covers a total area of more than 400 square meters, depicting the grand parade of 290 Taoist immortals worshipping Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty. The mural author inherited the tradition of Taoist figure painting left over from the Tang and Song Dynasties in Wu Pai and created various types of facial modeling. " Xi Jiulong, president of the research institute, said that these murals are both exaggerated and true, representing the highest achievement of traditional figure painting. Wang Bomin, an art historian, once said: "The Yongle Palace mural is a wonderful work in Taoist painting in Yuan Dynasty, a model of the development of ancient Taoist painting to a high level, and an important work in oriental religious painting in14th century."
Gan Kun has moved for more than 50 years, and his style remains the same.
What is shocking is that the whole building and huge murals of Yongle Palace experienced a "great move of Gankun". Its original site is located in Yongle Town near the Yellow River, which belongs to the flooded area of Sanmenxia Reservoir Project and was forced to "move" here. This is the first time in China, but the effect is unexpectedly good. Yan Lichuan, an art historian in China, once sang a hymn: "For twenty years, I exclaimed that Lv Zu had moved. Three hundred and sixty immortals won't lose face. "
The most difficult part of this huge project is how to uncover and repair thousands of square meters of murals. Xi Jiulong, president of Yongle Palace Mural Protection Research Institute, said: "1In August 1958, in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the central government hired domestic skilled craftsmen to conduct many experiments, and finally adopted the method of cutting and repairing. On the eve of the tenth anniversary of the founding of New China, the mural of 1000 square meters was successfully stripped and moved to a new site for reconstruction. " Foreign experts exclaimed: no less than the relocation of the ancient Egyptian god wall!
The relocation of Yongle Palace not only preserved the extremely precious buildings and murals in the Yuan Dynasty, but also accumulated experience and lessons for the protection and relocation of historical and cultural heritage in the construction of national key projects such as the Three Gorges Hydropower Project and the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, which can be described as boundless merits and far-reaching significance.
Recently, Shanxi was hit by heavy rainfall, Yuncheng suffered the biggest flood peak in 40 years, and Yongle Palace was not damaged. "Because our preventive protection work is in place and our daily maintenance is intensified, we are weeding the roof. The two drainage channels inside and outside Yongle Palace ensure no water accumulation, and pay attention to waterproofing, fire prevention, insect prevention and bird damage. In June this year, the core area has been completely restored. Yongle Palace will always maintain its peerless appearance and look forward to visitors from all directions coming to see its beauty. " Xi Jiulong, president of Yongle Palace Mural Protection Research Institute, said that it is necessary to protect and inherit this cultural and artistic treasure in the future and tell the story of the Yellow River well.