There is a beautiful land near Windsor in the west of London, where the Thames winds.

However, the hills covered with pine and cypress come and go, calling it the Silicon Valley of Britain.

What are the tourist attractions in Britain?

Britain has rich cultural heritage and many famous scenic spots. Here are some tourist attractions in Britain. Let's have a look! I hope I can help you.

What are the tourist attractions in Britain?

1. British Museum

The magnificent British Museum displays art treasures collected from all over the world and shows the development process of human beings from prehistoric times to modern times. Famous collections include Rosetta stone, Parthenon statue and Portland vase.

2. tate modern

The unique tate modern is the National Museum of Modern British Art. It is located in the original site of the riverside power station on the Thames, where the main works of Matisse and Picasso, as well as contemporary art works, exhibitions and installations are exhibited.

3. Tower Bridge in London

Tower Bridge in London is the first bridge at the mouth of the Thames River in London, England (15 Bridge was built on the Thames River), and it is also a symbol of London, so it is called "the main entrance of London". The bridge was built in 1886 and opened to the public on1June 30, 894, connecting the north and south parts of London into a whole. Tower Bridge in London is a suspension bridge, originally a wooden bridge, and later changed to a stone bridge.

4. Museum of Natural History

The museum not only has a permanent dinosaur exhibition, but also has the largest, tallest and rarest animal collection in the world. Don't miss the life-size blue whale model, spiders 40 million years ago, earthquake simulators and elephant eggs.

5. London Eye

British Airways' London Eye has become a major feature of London. This is the highest sightseeing Ferris wheel in the world, allowing visitors to have a panoramic view of the 55 most famous buildings in London in just 30 minutes.

6. Thames

Thames is a famous "mother river" in Britain. Originated in the Cotswolds Hills in the southwest of England, it is 346 kilometers long and crosses the British capital London and 10 cities along the river, with a drainage area of 13000 square kilometers. It widens in the lower reaches of London, forming a 29-kilometer-wide estuary that flows into the North Sea. In the upper reaches of London, there are many places of interest along the Thames, such as Eton, Oxford, Henry and Windsor.

7. Windsor Castle

Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest castle in use in the world, and it is also the administrative residence of Her Majesty the Queen. This 900-year-old castle covers an area of about 480,000 square feet. There are many beautiful gardens around Windsor Castle, and visitors can enjoy the picturesque English countryside. St George's Chapel in the castle is a typical Gothic building with exquisite design.

Where is the "Silicon Valley" in Britain?

"SiliconGlen" in Britain refers to the high-tech zone in Scotland, which is located in the middle of Scotland, including Glasgow, Edinburgh, Stirling, Livingston and Dundee. Electronic industries such as telegraph and telephone equipment, computers and electronic components are all concentrated in this area. The semiconductor products produced in this region account for 75-80% of the whole country and 265,438+0% (65,438+09,865,438+0) of Europe, and it is one of the centers of European electronics industry. Many overseas and local emerging high-tech companies have invested and settled here. It is not only the gathering place of high technology in Scotland, but also the location of many famous universities in Britain, which constantly provides excellent talents for domestic and foreign enterprises and their R&D centers.

Where are the top ten Silicon Valley in the world?

Austin, Texas: University of Texas dropout Mike Dale is the local leader.

Rong. In addition to Dell computers, there are high-tech universities such as IBM, Texas Instruments and Motorola.

Factories have settled down. Austin has a population of 654.38+00,000, of which 654.38+0/654.38+00 is employed in the science and technology industry.

In addition, although economic growth in Asia and Europe is slowing down, local technology companies have created

Employment opportunities are increasing instead of decreasing.

Bangalore, India: The ancient city with a history of 500 years is silk.

However, since 1980, local entrepreneurs and Texas Instruments have begun to devote themselves to this.

There are now 250 high-tech operators in the local technology industry, which is the most famous in South Asia.

Software town.

3 Boston, Massachusetts, USA: This is a science and technology city with a long history, so it is early.

I know that high-tech industries also have boom cycles. The "Massachusetts miracle" in the 1980 s became

In the "128 Highway Nightmare" in the 1990s, local mini-computer giants such as Diji.

Duo, Wang's computer has a crisis. Fortunately, there are as many as 65 local colleges and universities.

London's high-tech spring is finally back.

Cambridge, England: Cambridge University, which has been purely academic for 800 years, has now become a high-tech.

The engine of the industrial revolution. With the cooperation of local government and universities, "Cambridge 2020"

Year 2008 is moving forward.

Helsinki, Finland: Finland has a population of only 5 million, but 2.5 million people.

Have a cell phone. This is the country with the highest Internet penetration rate in the world.

One of the countries with the most advanced electronic banking system in the world. Anyone who arrives in Helsinki

Passengers can feel at a glance that this is the capital of mobile phones, yes, this is a promise.

Kea's hometown.

6 Salt Lake City, Utah, USA: First, the defense industry attracts scientific and technological talents.

Then the University of Utah became the first pioneer in the United States to connect to the Internet at 1969.

Mormonism has contributed a lot to the high-tech culture here. Because Mormons value genealogy,

Computers are undoubtedly the best tools, so the popularity of home personal computers here is as high as.

65%。

Seattle, Washington, USA: Not just Microsoft and Gates. However, yes.

It is precisely because Gates and paul allen appeared in Seattle that today's Seattle was brewed.

The software atmosphere in Japan. Now there are 2500 software companies here, some of which are Microsoft.

Founded by 60% former employees, Microsoft employees who make a fortune from Microsoft stocks play drums.

Encourage "angels" in high-tech industries (that is, individual financiers who invest in high-tech industries).

Singapore: The local government's efforts to attract high-tech industries bear fruit.

Color, due to preferential tax treatment, excellent labor and high efficiency, including HP,

Dozens of multinational high-tech companies such as Motorola and Microsoft have settled here.

9 Sophia Antipolis, France: Located in France.

The high-tech city on the Riviera, close to Nice International Airport, is a big selling point.

Local food, wine and festive atmosphere are also one of the characteristics, but the most important thing is that

Strong funds for cultivating high technology.

Tel Aviv, Israel: It is a mistake to partially develop into a high-tech center.

Yang is different, because it is the only city in Israel that is open 24 hours a day, so it is in high technology.

Work 16 hours, geeks can still have a place to go. Jews from Russia

Immigrants bring excellent computer knowledge, on the other hand, young people who retire every year.

Use the computer knowledge learned in the army to join in.

What is the specific description of Silicon Valley?

California, on the southwest coast of the United States, is about 50 kilometers away from downtown San Francisco. It is a fertile land in San Jose County, with low ridges on both sides. There used to be dense fruit trees here, and it was 1950 years ago, the "Plum Preserved Capital of America". Nowadays, Meiyuan has basically disappeared, replaced by future-oriented factories, fast lanes and rows of new apartments. This is "Silicon Valley"-the hometown of computer chips. Not only that, Silicon Valley is also the birthplace of a series of high and new technologies such as personal computers, video recorders, game consoles, music synthesizers, contact lenses and gene splicing.

The nickname "Silicon Valley" was put forward by Don Hoffler, editor of a local newspaper in197/kloc-0, because semiconductor chips made of silicon are the basic components of microelectronics industry, and "Silicon Valley" is as symbolic as the names "automobile city" and "steel capital". This nickname quickly became famous in the late 1970s.

As soon as the farmers who planted plum trees moved away, the suburbs expanded. San Jose was a small town at 1950. By 1990, due to the development of Silicon Valley, it became the 1 1 largest city in the United States, catching up with San Francisco and becoming the third largest city in California, second only to Los Angeles and San Diego. There are 200,000 college students, more than 6,000 doctors and more than 6,543.8+500,000 millionaires in Little Silicon Valley. It is the largest gathering place of American scientific talents and new wealth, if not the whole world. Silicon Valley also attracts tourists from all over the world, especially the Japanese. As early as 198 1, Japan compiled a very detailed tourist map of Silicon Valley. Obviously, not all Japanese people come to Silicon Valley to see the scenery.

Silicon Valley has good communication infrastructure, abundant venture capital, skilled and mobile labor force who has not joined trade unions. Many key figures and companies in Silicon Valley come from the eastern United States or Europe. They come to Silicon Valley, or escape from conventional companies, or are attracted by California, many of which are extremely popular and disgusting. As Don Valentine, an enterprise capitalist in Silicon Valley, said, "The eastern part of the United States is a huge company and a rigid organization, and individuals cannot adapt to them well. California is a frontier, which is not organized economically, socially and institutionally. The first is to truly believe in pure personal values. " An Intel manager once said, "Here, you don't have to provide all kinds of things to a damn Committee at any time, you just have to do your job." In fact, the three major electronic companies in the eastern United States: General Electric, Westinghouse Electric and American Radio Company were completely defeated in this microelectronics revolution.

From the beginning, the semiconductor industry in Silicon Valley was regarded as a person rather than a company. Professional knowledge is regarded as personal wealth, not corporate wealth. The technology the company needs is mainly obtained by hiring key personnel. As a result, most electronic engineers can "jump ship" from one company to another with proud results, with a clear conscience. For example, one day in June, 1983, 17 Intel's key employees left their jobs at the same time to start their own companies. There is a popular saying in Silicon Valley: "If you want to change your job, you only need to change the exit of the expressway 10 1 when you go to work in the morning." The average company's annual job transfer rate is 30-50%, and headhunting companies often lure key people to quit with higher salaries and better working conditions, which makes things more complicated.

The high mobility of the labor force is bad news for the company boss. They must try their best to keep their employees. In the 1970s and early 1980s, among the rapidly increasing companies in Silicon Valley, there were high salaries, housing subsidies, vacations, company gyms, free drinks on Friday afternoons and so on. Very common. Dividends and stock trading privileges have also become common methods to retain valuable employees. The mobility of people is good for regional industries, which fosters the contact network between companies. In industries based on rapid invention, success must be highly dependent on information exchange. Companies in Silicon Valley are very similar. You can get information by talking on the phone with friends and former colleagues, or chatting in a bar in a small town that everyone likes in Silicon Valley.

Many people in China know that Zhongguancun has an "electronic street", and private computer enterprises are doing very well!

The development of Zhongguancun is the result of reform and opening up, but its prelude was unveiled by Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Around 1980, Chen Chunxian visited the United States many times and was amazed at the development of American high-tech enterprises. We faithfully recorded1Chen Chunxian's speech at the newly established Standing Council of Beijing Plasma Society on October 23rd. 1980:

"This time I went to the United States to see almost all the important nuclear fusion laboratories, and I visited more than a dozen cities, which was much more profound than 1978. This is a non-governmental academic exchange, less restrained and entertaining than the last official delegation, and the discussion is more in-depth. I especially want to know why the nuclear fusion experiment in the United States is so efficient, the engineering' experiment' is so closely combined with theoretical calculation, and the renovation process cycle is so short. It seems that the direct reasons are, of course, advanced experimental technology, the high level of factories that manufacture equipment and instruments, and the good experimental skills of technicians and graduate students in laboratory projects. However, the real key to asking more' why' lies in the power system closely linked with factories, schools and research institutes. American friends introduced me to the concept of so-called' technology diffusion zone'.

"The 128 expressway around Boston is roughly equivalent to the Third Ring Road in Beijing, but it is bigger. There are hundreds of small high-tech factories on both sides of 128 highway, which is considered as a typical technology diffusion area. We visited one of the small factories specializing in producing superconducting magnets, which was an enlightening and exciting visit. The head of the factory used to be a teacher at Boston University. He said that we have technology and ideas, and others have money. By combining the two, we can create advanced products. Now our superconducting magnets have been accepted by many high-energy physics and nuclear physics laboratories in the world. When there are more contracts, we will have more workers and engineers. When there are fewer contracts, we will only maintain a basic backbone team of about 20 people. Many processes of raw materials, rough processing and chemical treatment are completed in cooperation. Yan Luguang, who is also an expert in superconducting engineering, said: In China, there are thousands of people working on a superconducting material and technology project, and the products are not as good as those here. I have heard many touching stories about high-tech entrepreneurship from China scientists, including Mr. Wang An who lives in Boston. He is regarded as a very successful entrepreneur.

"On my way back to San Francisco, I visited two small factories in Silicon Valley. Silicon Valley used to be a citrus orchard between the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay, about 60 kilometers south of San Francisco. Now it is the largest microelectronics industry center in the world. The first microcomputer was made in a young man's garage here, and now it is an Apple company with annual sales of tens of millions of dollars. Silicon Valley is the largest and most typical technology diffusion area. Professor Terman, the typical old president of Stanford, is a visionary scientist. He decided to lease some land on campus to professors and experts to run high-tech factories. The world-famous Hewlett-Packard Company was founded in 1930s by two professors from the electrical engineering department of Stanford University. The first product is a high-frequency oscillator, which is a prototype made in his garage.

"In short, I saw the rapid development of cutting-edge technology in the United States. Satellite and Tokamak (a nuclear fusion device) were the first breakthroughs made by the Soviet Union, while the United States quickly used experimental technology and equipment. The reason for America's high speed is that technology is transformed into products very quickly. Scientists and engineers have a strong entrepreneurial spirit. They are always eager to turn their inventions, know-how and knowledge into products, borrow money by themselves and set up factories in partnership. Of course, the motivation of capitalists to make money here can't be ignored, but according to some parties (scientists), the self-satisfaction of starting a business exceeds the profit motivation. What I am interested in is that a new industry with an output value of tens of billions of yuan has been formed here, which has obvious benefits to society, the country and the region. In contrast, we have worked in Zhongguancun for more than 20 years. The talent density here is by no means lower than that of San Francisco and Boston, and the quality is not bad. I always feel that there is great potential that has not been tapped. Indeed, our socialist economic conditions are fundamentally different. Our scientific and technological personnel should not make money, but make more practical contributions, and are not satisfied with publishing articles and holding exhibitions of achievements. Our Beijing plasma society is engaged in nuclear fusion and low temperature plasma applications. Many new technologies have been developed in the process of nuclear fusion, which can be used to serve factories and other scientific research units, at least in small batches to avoid repeated imports. I used to work in laser. At first, the gap was not big, but later it became bigger and bigger. Now we need our own laser, and we have to import it with foreign exchange. It's really hard. As for low-temperature plasma, it should be combined with the development of industrial application and should first become a useful industrial technology.

"Last week, I reported these ideas to Comrade Fu Tian of the Association for Science and Technology. He hoped that our newly established society would take the lead in organizing scientific and technological personnel to make more contributions to the four modernizations. Good foreign experience can be used for reference. The attitude of the Association for Science and Technology is that we firmly support everything that is conducive to the four modernizations, and we have no experience to explore in practice. Therefore, we put forward the idea of establishing an advanced technology development service department, and we have seen similar organizations in this field. "

Researcher Chen Chunxian is far-sighted and dares to say and do. From June 1980 to June 10, the "Advanced Technology Development Service Department of Beijing Plasma Society" was established with the goal of directly transforming relevant scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces, which can be said to be the embryonic form of high-tech enterprises in China.

On the other hand, although the CPC Central Committee and the State Council formally put forward the basic policy of "economic construction depends on science and technology, and scientific and technological work must be oriented to economic construction" in June of 5438+0982, there are still many discussions on Chen Chunxian's entrepreneurial behavior in society, and he himself has been treated unfairly by some leaders of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. For other scientific and technological personnel to run enterprises, some people are jealous of "making a windfall" and some people falsely accuse them of "speculation".

1983 65438+ 10, the relevant leading comrades of the central government gave instructions on the dispute over Zhongguancun, affirming the active exploration of Zhongguancun scientific and technological personnel on this new thing. We might as well extract some from the specification:

Comrade Fang Yi gave instructions on June 7, 65438/KLOC-0: "Comrade Chen Chunxian's practice is completely correct and should be encouraged."

Comrade Hu Qili gave an instruction on June 54381October 8: "Comrade Chen Chunxian took the lead in opening up a new situation. May have taken a new path. On the one hand, scientific research achievements are rapidly transformed into direct productive forces, on the other hand, there is another channel for scientific and technological personnel to contribute to the "four modernizations", so that some truly contributing scientific and technological personnel can get rich first and break the iron rice bowl and pot rice. Of course, it is necessary to study the necessary management methods and formulate policies, which can be strongly supported by the Association for Science and Technology. How to decide, please show it as appropriate. "

Comrade Hu Yaobang instructed on June 8, 65438/KLOC-0: "Please ask the leading group of science and technology to formulate principles and policies."

The leading group of science and technology quickly came up with a policy of strongly supporting Chen Chunxian and other pioneers to start their own businesses, and increased publicity for his courageous deeds and advanced deeds.

Where is the Silicon Valley in Britain?

Silicon Valley in England is studying. It is located in the west of London, 40 minutes' drive from London. There is a famous university here, Reading University.