But it's not all bad news recently. Volkswagen Group, Daimler Group, BMW Group and Toyota Group released? 20 19? In the 2008 financial report, all of them achieved profitability, and the sales volume was basically the same as last year or increased steadily. Today, we will talk about the profit results of these large automobile groups last year and the future development direction.
Major groups? 20 19? Comparison of annual financial report data
20 19? In, the global sales volume of Volkswagen Group was about? 1098? 1 10,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase? 1.3%; What is the annual sales revenue? 2526? 10 billion euros, a year-on-year increase? 7. 1%; After deducting other related expenses, the after-tax profit is about? 140? 1 100 million euros, a year-on-year increase? 15.4%。
20 19? In, the global sales volume of Daimler Group was about? 334? 10,000 vehicles, compared with last year? 335? Ten thousand vehicles are basically flat; What is the annual sales revenue? 1727? 10 billion euros, a year-on-year increase? 3%; After deducting related expenses, the after-tax profit is about? 27? 1 100 million euros, a year-on-year decrease? 64%。
20 19? In, the global sales volume of BMW Group was about? 253? 1 10,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase? 2.2%; What is the annual sales revenue? 1042? 10 billion euros, a year-on-year increase? 7.6%; After deducting other related expenses, the after-tax profit is about? 50? 1 100 million euros, a year-on-year decrease? 28.9%。 This is the first breakthrough of BMW Group's sales? 1000? 1 100 million euro mark.
20 19? In, the global sales volume of Toyota Group was about? 1098? 1 10,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase? 1.6%; What is the annual sales revenue? 1934? 1 100 million euros; After deducting other related expenses, the after-tax profit is about? 170? 1 100 million euros, a year-on-year increase? 15.4%。 (PS: Japan's fiscal year begins every year? 4? Month? 1? It starts counting from the 20th, so this is? 20 19? Year? 4? Month? 1? Day is coming? 20 19? Year? 12? Month? 23? Financial data for the day. )
Three points can be summarized from the above data:
1.？ After-tax profits of Daimler Group and BMW Group fell sharply. Daimler group is particularly serious, because Mercedes-Benz diesel vehicle emissions fraud involves billions of euros in fines and related legal procedures; The decline in BMW's profits is due to the unsatisfactory sales in the first quarter of last year, and about? 14? Eu antitrust fine 1 100 million euros.
2.？ Because the Volkswagen Group is promoting higher profit margins in an orderly manner? SUV？ Offensive (20 18? Year? SUV？ Less than? 25%,20 19? Has been promoted to? 40%), at the same time, where does the fine and settlement of public discharge doors come from? 32? Ten thousand euros fell? 23? As a result, the sales volume and net profit of Volkswagen Group have increased steadily. Chairman of the Management Committee of Audi AG? Herbert? Dees? Show? 20 19? 2008 was a very successful year for Audi, which laid an important foundation for comprehensive reform.
3.？ Due to Japan's fiscal year from? 4? Since June, Toyota Group has only three quarters of data. That means Toyota Group? 3? Last quarter's sales figures were very close to those of Volkswagen Group? 4? Last quarter's sales data, and thanks to the lean management of Toyota Group, after-tax profit is still higher than that of Volkswagen Group, even though the sales volume is not as good as that of Volkswagen Group? 30? One billion euros.
4.？ Bicycle price (bicycle price = sales revenue/delivery volume) can reflect the brand premium ability to some extent. Mercedes-Benz has the highest unit price, right? 5. 17? Ten thousand euros, Toyota is the lowest, for? 1.80? Ten thousand euros. This is related to the brand model of the group. Toyota has many cheap products, so it is normal for the car to have a low unit price, but this does not affect it to make a lot of money.
Performance of major groups in China market
As can be seen from the chart, the China market is very important to these four groups. Let's talk about the performance of key brands of major groups in the China market:
Volkswagen Group:
20 19? In, Volkswagen Group delivered in China? 423? Ten thousand cars, accounting for almost 40% of global sales, show the importance of China to Volkswagen Group.
Audi is the most popular high-end brand under the Volkswagen Group, occupying China all the year round? BBA？ The number one position in sales volume, but even though we adopted a bad way of exchanging price for quantity last year, we still lost this throne, 20 19? What is the annual global sales revenue? 557? 0 million euros, a year-on-year decrease? 5.9 1%, so Audi became a Volkswagen group? 20 19? The only brand whose profit declined in 2008.
Porsche is also one of the three pillars of Volkswagen and a high-profit brand, 20 19? Porsche delivered worldwide in 2008? 28.08? 10,000 new cars, what is the sales revenue? 26 1? 1 100 million euros, a year-on-year increase? 10. 1%。 How popular is Porsche in China? Last year, the China market accounted for more than one-third of the global sales of Porsche Cayenne.
In a word, Volkswagen Group has deeply explored the China market, and Audi brand is the key to continue to break through the limit. Therefore, according to the plan of Volkswagen Group this year, the strategic position of Audi brand will be strengthened. Volkswagen Group dug it up from BMW last year? Marcus. Duesman? Will it be the new Audi? CEO, who will also take over the research and development of audi ag software.
Daimler Group:
20 19? Mercedes and? Smart? China's brand delivery contract? 70? Ten thousand new cars, a year-on-year increase? 4%, accounting for global sales? 20%, of which Mercedes-Benz brand has been delivered? 69.3? Ten thousand cars. Data show that China is still the largest single market for Mercedes-Benz in the world. As long as the sales volume is continuously guaranteed and the "emission gate incident" is quelled, based on Mercedes-Benz's super-high brand premium ability, the future profit will still be considerable.
BMW Group:
20 19? In 2008, BMW Group delivered a contract in China. 72? Thanks to the iteration of many models and the release of new cars last year, sales in China increased year-on-year? 13. 1%, accounting for global sales? 29%, so far China is continuous? 8? In 2008, it became the largest single market of BMW Group in the world.
Toyota Group:
20 19? In, Toyota Group delivered a contract in China? 162? Ten thousand new cars, an increase over the same period last year? 9%, accounting for global sales? 15%, this is the first time that China has surpassed Japan to become the second largest single market of Toyota in the world.
Lexus is a high-end brand of Toyota Group, and its sales in China broke through for the first time last year? 20? 1 10,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase? 24.9%。 Average monthly sales exceed? 2? Ten thousand vehicles, surpassing the North American market for the first time. Last year? 6? In June, Lexus sold more than? 100? Ten thousand cars.
While hitting a new high, Lexus's sales model is very healthy, without any terminal concessions, and some models have to raise prices. In individual markets, what is the price increase of dealer terminals of related models? 1? Wan -2.5? About 10 thousand, if you choose not to increase the price, have to wait? 1-3? I can't pick up the car until next month. More exaggerated is Lexus? LX570？ Model, 20 19? Peak special edition, guide price? 14 1.7? 1 10,000 yuan, how much is the highest fare increase for picking up cars in that month? 20? More than ten thousand.
At present, the sales ratio of Toyota Group in China is only? 15%, and there is still great market potential to be tapped. Based on the current healthy sales status, there is great potential in the future.
According to the latest data released by China Automobile Association, 20 19? What is the automobile production and sales volume in China in? 2572. 1? Ten thousand cars and? 2576.9? Ten thousand cars. Production and sales are still the first in the world, but they are down year-on-year? 7.5% and 8.2%, China's automobile production and sales have declined for two consecutive years.
At the same time, the data also shows that the market share of independent, American, Korean and legal systems has declined, while the market share of German and Japanese has increased: the market share of German cars has increased from? 20 18? Year? 2 1.4% rose to? 24.2%, where does the Japanese car market share come from? 18.8% to? 2 1.3%。
The four major groups we are talking about today all support this data.
R&D expenditure invested by major groups last year
Innovation is the driving force of a company's development, OEM? A certain percentage of the total annual sales will be invested in research and development. As can be seen from the chart, 20 19? What is the investment ratio of each group in R&D? Between 5% and 7%, the specific data of Toyota Group is unknown, but it will be explained later that it is very cheap in research and development.
In today's automobile modernization, OEM? Most of the expenditure of R&D lies in the electrification and intelligence of automobiles. Let me start with the electrification layout of these four groups.
Electrification layout of major groups (specific products/production platforms/factories)
Volkswagen Group:
According to CEO of Volkswagen Group? Herbert? Dees? According to the plan, within five years, Volkswagen Group will change from a traditional automobile manufacturer and seller to a digital and electric travel service enterprise.
According to Volkswagen's latest "planning? Round? Which will Volkswagen Group invest in the "68" project in the next five years? 600? The new four modernizations 1 100 million euros, including investment in pure electric vehicle research and development? 330? One billion euros, investment in hybrid and digitalization? 270? One billion euros.
At present, Volkswagen Group has released a number of pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Audi? Electronic creation? Oversold sales? 3? 1 10,000 vehicles, and its market share in Norway and Germany exceeds that of Tesla; Public release? ID.3, established in the United States at the same time? 400? Charging station; Porsche? Tekan? Already have it? 1.5? Ten thousand orders at the same time in the future? Macan？ Only the pure electric version will be kept, and the fuel version will no longer be produced. ...
Is the development plan of Volkswagen Group for the next decade launched this year and next? 15? What is the pure electric vehicle type and? 18? Mixed model; Arrive? 2029? Launched in 2008? 75? A pure electric car and? 60? What is the cumulative sales volume of hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles? 2600? 10,000 vehicles, hybrid vehicles? 600? Ten thousand cars.
In the layout of new energy products in China, Volkswagen Group will be in? 2025? Introduced a few years ago? 30? To this end, we will invest more than? 40? One billion euros.
In terms of production, Volkswagen Group launched? MEB？ Platform and? PPE？ Platform. MEB？ The platform is a modular pure electric development platform, which can be freely combined according to vehicle specifications. In the future, many low-end new energy vehicles of Volkswagen Group will be produced by it, such as Volkswagen, which will be delivered soon. ID.3 .PPE？ The platform is a luxury pure electric platform jointly developed by Audi and Porsche, which will be in? 2022? In 2000, it was used to produce high-end electric vehicles of Porsche, Audi and Bentley.
As planned, go? 2023? Will Volkswagen Group be mass-produced globally by the end of the year? 100? Ten thousand new energy vehicles, 2025? Reached in 2008? 150? Ten thousand cars. Further? 2029? Is the new year approaching? 2000? Volkswagen electric vehicle modular platform 10 thousand electric vehicles? MEB？ On the basis of production, near? 600? Volkswagen for 10 thousand electric cars? PPE？ platform
In terms of production in China, Anting New Energy Factory was completed last year, which is the first one in Audi ag? MEB？ The brand-new factory for platform mode construction is planned this year? 10? It was put into production in June. At the same time, the factory in Foshan, Guangdong Province is also undergoing electrification transformation.
In terms of batteries, did Volkswagen Group invest last year? 9? One billion euros and? Northvolt？ The company jointly conducts battery research and development. According to the plan, the joint venture factory jointly built by the two companies will start construction as early as this year and will be built in? 2024? Production of batteries for Volkswagen Group around 2008.
Daimler Group:
Emotional intelligence? It is an electric technology brand owned by Mercedes-Benz, and many of its pure electric vehicles come from it. MEA？ Electric vehicle platform, if it is already on the market? EQC, smart? Emotional intelligence? And then what? EQV. According to the plan, a compact model will be launched this year? SUV？ EQA in 2022? Launched in 2008? EQV、EQB、EQS？ And then what? EQE？ And other products. Mercedes-Benz hopes to arrive? 2020? In 2008, the share of plug-in hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles will triple.
Last year, Daimler was appointed as? CEO？ Kang released "ambition? 2039 "plan: to? 2030? In, Daimler aims to make the sales of electric vehicles (including all-electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles) account for more than half of the total sales of the group? ; Arrive? 2022? In 2004, all European factories were carbon neutral.
In short, the core is to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction as soon as possible.
BMW Group:
BMW Group has been promoting electrification strategy and product line expansion for a long time. 20 15? Since, its annual R&D investment has exceeded for five consecutive years. 50? One billion euros. Mr. Qi Puce, Chairman of BMW Group, said, To? 2025? In, BMW plans to continue to invest more than? 300? One billion euros.
In terms of products, BMW currently provides * * * in the global market? 12? A new energy model, from? 202 1? From 2008, BMW will have? 50% of traditional power vehicles no longer develop follow-up products, but instead introduce more electric vehicles. Arrive? 202 1? By the end of the year, BMW Group will provide five pure electric vehicles: BMW? i3、MINI？ SE, BMW? IX3, BMW? INEXT, BMW? I4. Arrive? 2023? In, BMW Group plans to expand its new energy product line to? 25? Half of them are pure electric vehicles.
In terms of sales, as of? 20 19? By the end of the year, the cumulative sales of BMW? 50? Ten thousand electric vehicles, of which the cumulative sales in China market exceeded? 5? Ten thousand cars.
In terms of production, BMW publicly stated this year that it will not develop an exclusive platform for pure electric vehicles. The main reason is high cost and uneconomical. It is difficult and expensive to build an efficient electric platform, and a new factory must be built for it. The later maintenance cost is also high, and the recovery cost is slow.
For example, developed by the public? MEB？ What is the total cost of modular electrical architecture? 70? 10 billion euros, established by Volkswagen in Anting, China? MEB？ Is the factory cost high? 170? 1 billion yuan. Volkswagen Group has a large enough sales volume to return to the original. If it is BMW, the payback period will be very long.
However, giving up the pure electric platform does not mean giving up the research and development of a new platform. Will it be ok next year? BMW? iNEXT？ It will be built on a compatible platform, which is compatible with the production of fuel vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles.
Toyota Group:
Because Japan has limited resources and advocates environmental protection, Toyota Group's efforts in fuel cells and hybrid power systems have a long history. When it comes to Toyota's new energy strategy, we can definitely think of its reliable hybrid technology. 1997? Toyota Prius is the first hybrid car.
However, with the continuous electrification of automobiles, Toyota Group will not stop. Announced the launch this year in the middle of last year? 10? A pure electric vehicle, including based on? TNGA？ Architecture? 6? The global model representing the world's number one car brand has finally officially released the electric vehicle plan.
We won't say the specific model for the time being. Toyota group? TNGA？ The architecture is worth mentioning.
Toyota? TNGA？ what's up Toyota? New? Global? Architecture? Abbreviation, and Volkswagen? MEB？ The difference of the platform lies in its English? Architecture, isn't it? Platform (platform). This is a brand-new concept of automobile production, covering the whole process of automobile from research and development to manufacturing.
In the process of product definition, TNGA? The structure divides the company into seven internal companies according to the models and products, and then assigns product personnel such as engineers/designers to each internal company, so that they can change from scattered and independent work to communication between departments. Under this framework, the company's product personnel can work together at the beginning of research and development to reach an understanding and avoid many differences and unnecessary contradictions. For this reason, the difference between a concept car and a production car will be very small.
In the production process, TNGA? The structure makes the parts of various models under the brand highly accessible, which breaks the inherent mode of platform production line and enables the production line to enjoy more models.
Currently TNGA? The architecture includes three platforms, TNGA-L (rear-drive medium-sized car? & amp？ Medium and large cars), TNGA-K (front-wheel medium-sized cars? & amp？ Medium and large cars), TNGA-C (front-wheel small cars? & amp？ Compact car).
This structure is a new product of lean production of Toyota Group, and will be the blood transfusion machine in the next stage of Toyota Group.
From major groups? Intelligent R&D process
Volkswagen Group:
In the middle of last year, Volkswagen Group announced the establishment of an automotive software department? Cars. Software? In terms of organizational structure, cars. Software? Belong to? Numbers? Cars? & amp？ Services will develop corresponding software and functions for all brands of Volkswagen Group, mainly including: operating system and interconnection, intelligent body and cockpit, automatic driving, vehicle and energy performance, service platform and travel service, and unified software operating system? Volkswagen. Operating system.
At present, the first batch of about 3000 digital experts have been put in place. 2025? In 2008, this number will increase to 1 10,000.
When it comes to autonomous driving, you have to mention the technology "Audi" of Volkswagen Group.
As early as? 20 17? Audi was the first to release this car in? L3？ Driving by car? A8； And then exhibited at the Frankfurt Motor Show that year? L4？ Class self-driving concept car? Elaine? And then what? L5？ Class self-driving concept car? Audi? Aicon20 18? In 2006, Audi China won awards in Beijing and Wuxi? L4？ Class a road test license plate for self-driving vehicles.
What are the current applications of Audi? L2？ What is the total number of sensors for Class A self-driving products? 20? A, including Valeo's? SCALA？ Laser radar. What is the visible part of the front windshield camera? Mobileye？ EyeQ3, and the central arithmetic unit is? ZFAS (integrated by Delphi).
What is Audi's future goal? 2023? Expressway and urban roads are realized in? L3？ And automatic parking. 2025? Launched the first model in 2008? L4？ Self-driving cars, the main partners of this project are Valeo, Mobileye, China, Bosch and NVIDIA.
Daimler Group:
In terms of intelligent networking, Mercedes-Benz will launch the latest version this year? MBUX？ Mercedes-Benz of Multimedia System? s？ Level. In terms of autonomous driving, how is Mercedes-Benz at present? L2？ Class A driver assistance scheme * * * includes? 23? A sensor, the main partner is Bosch.
This year? 3? Mercedes-Benz said that it will postpone the research and development project of passenger car autopilot, focusing on electrification and truck autopilot. But this does not mean that the company will give up developing autonomous driving technology on passenger cars, but it will be biased. Perhaps because of the profitability of Mercedes-Benz this year, we have to tighten the development of some related technologies.
BMW Group:
As early as? 20 16? In, BMW cooperated with Intel and Mobileye? And Delphi form an autonomous driving alliance to develop an autonomous driving system. There are many models of BMW at present? L2？ First-class driver assistance function.
According to the plan, 202 1? In 2008, BMW will cooperate with? Mobileye？ Cooperation, with the help of Chinese mainland, Aptiv, Magna and Baidu? L3, launched at the same time? L4/5？ Test team, coming? 2020? Have the ability to produce fully self-driving vehicles in.
Toyota Group:
Speaking of Toyota Group's automobile intelligence, it is better to say strategic layout than specific products.
Take autonomous driving, 20 16? Year? 1? In June, Toyota established a new R&D company in Silicon Valley, California? Toyota? Research? Research Institute (TRI) will be gradually transferred to? Terry? Investment? 10? A billion dollars, at present? Terry? Become the core company of Toyota's autonomous driving technology research and development. In addition, 20 18? In 2008, Toyota invested in electric equipment? 28? 1 100 million dollars to set up an advanced research and development company for autonomous driving? Advertising.
Besides self-research, investment and cooperation are also important channels. 20 18? Toyota in 2008? Uber? Investment? 5? One billion dollars is used to study the technology of self-driving cars, and? Uber? Autopilot technology introduced into Toyota? Siena. Minivan. 20 19? Did Toyota invest in Didi in 2008? 6? 10 billion USD, and the two sides will jointly expand smart travel services. In the same year, Toyota went to a domestic autonomous driving company? Pony.ai？ Investment? 4? A billion dollars? The two sides will jointly explore autonomous driving with * * *. This year? 3? In June, Toyota joined hands with domestic autonomous driving companies? Momenta, which will provide Toyota with high-precision maps and update services based on camera vision technology.
If you still can't understand how crazy Toyota is about autonomous driving, you can look at this chart, which shows? 20 19? In 2008, the investment of Toyota Group ranked among the top five in the world.
label
Although the four major automobile groups all made profits last year and their sales were basically the same, they still have urgent things to deal with. For example, Daimler Group, because the discharge door involves large fines and related lawsuits, the outside world questions the software capability of Volkswagen Group, and the oil emulsification faced by Toyota Group ...? However, we have seen the strengths of various groups, such as the multi-product line matrix of Volkswagen Group, the high premium ability of Daimler Group, the product iteration speed of BMW Group and the lean management of Toyota Group.
These automobile groups have experienced great storms, such as world war ii and financial crisis. It's just that the weak auto market last year was not a big deal. However, it is still not easy to achieve profitability and maintain growth.
Perhaps the most dangerous thing is this year. On the one hand, related work cannot be carried out due to the epidemic, on the other hand, new technologies are still burning money. On the other hand, if this situation can continue to be profitable this year, it can really be described as a legendary century-old factory.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.