In fact, for most people, it is difficult to distinguish between scientific and pseudo-scientific fat reduction, so no matter which method, there will always be support and opposition. Of course, the first thing we affirm is some incorrect methods of reducing fat, such as exercise, liposuction, excretion and so on. Because these are against the principle of lipolysis.
What is fat?
Simply put, fat is the tissue that accumulates under your skin or around your organs, usually caused by overeating or long-term inactivity. Usually, if we consume more calories per meal than our body can digest, the excess calories will be stored for later use.
Although most people complain about the existence of adipose tissue, it is a key factor to meet our various needs. Fat stores energy for future hunger or provides energy for long-term activities. We should prevent excessive fat deposition in normal tissues and organs, such as arteries, muscles, or liver, which affects hormone release and signal transmission of systemic metabolism.
1, subcutaneous fat
That is, the fat closest to the skin can play the role of heat preservation and energy storage. Generally speaking, women have more subcutaneous fat than men.
2. Visceral fat
It mainly exists in abdominal cavity, such as around and inside organs such as liver, pancreas, stomach and intestine, which is obviously manifested as abdominal obesity. In contrast, visceral fat in men is more likely to accumulate.
However, many people still don't understand the essence of body fat. According to the statistics of the World Heart Federation, in the United States, where medical care is relatively developed, 46% of people have excess visceral fat, and people who exceed this ratio do not know its harm.
Most doctors don't measure waist circumference when examining patients, which is the simplest and most direct method to detect whether there is too much visceral fat, but it is ignored by doctors naked.
The way to accurately judge whether a person is obese is to measure the body fat rate. The body fat rate of normal adults is about 20% for men and 25% for women. It is found that women with 19 or more are 1 3 "invisible obesity". These people generally have a low body mass index (BMI), but their body fat rate exceeds the standard.
At present, the world is using body mass index to measure whether a person is obese. The calculation method of this index is: body mass index = weight (kg) ÷ the square of height (m). The world standard set by the World Health Organization is that obesity is defined as a body mass index greater than 30.
But this indicator does not apply to China people. Under the same body mass index, the fat content of yellow people is higher than that of Europeans and Americans. Even if they don't look so fat, they are likely to exceed the standard. In China, as long as your body mass index exceeds 28, you have entered the ranks of obese people.
So, after all! Where is the most harmful fat?
1, heart
Only when subcutaneous fat is saturated can fat easily accumulate around the heart.
Everyone's subcutaneous fat saturation is determined by genes, so some people look fat, that is, there is fat around their hearts, while others look thin, that is, there is fat around their hearts. The existence of these fats will affect the normal beating of the heart, and then affect the function of the heart.
2. Liver
The liver is the main place for metabolism and synthesis of substances in the body. If its function is affected, it will cause many problems, such as diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
In addition to partially synthesizing phospholipids and cholesterol, fatty acids in the liver mainly synthesize triacylglycerol, which combines with apolipoprotein in liver cells and is released into the blood. When the synthesis of triacylglycerol in the liver exceeds the ability of the liver to transport triacylglycerol out of the liver, it can lead to the accumulation of triacylglycerol in liver cells and form fatty liver.
When fat enters liver cells, it will squeeze the living space of the original cells. Severe fatty liver, liver cells are widely fatty, most of the space of liver cells is occupied by fat, cells can not work, leading to liver cell necrosis.
After a large number of hepatocytes died, the remaining hepatocytes showed obvious nodular regeneration, and the original reticular scaffold of liver tissue collapsed. At the same time, the interstitial reactive hyperplasia of hepatocytes (fibrous tissue hyperplasia) has become the basis of liver cirrhosis.
The liver is the main detoxification organ of the human body. Suppose that there are 6,543,800,000 cells detoxified in the liver, but after liver cirrhosis, 600,000 cells die, leaving 400,000 cells. At this time, it can detoxify some of the toxins and some can't. If you can't detoxify, it will poison cells, further accelerate the necrosis of liver cells, and lead to a vicious circle. Liver cells have super regenerative ability, and they will regenerate desperately to maintain normal physiological functions, so as to quickly grow more liver cells to detoxify. In the process of rapid regeneration of liver cells (cell division and proliferation), the possibility of gene mutation (especially under the erosion of various toxins and viruses) is greatly improved, that is, it may turn into cancer cells.
Chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer, which is basically the same process.
3. Eyes
Careful observation of the eyes of some elderly people will find that there is a white corneal ring around their cornea, which is caused by fat accumulation. This situation is easy to find in the elderly, but it does not affect vision.
4, thighs and buttocks
The high level of estrogen in women will promote the accumulation of adipose tissue in these areas. However, the fat in thighs and buttocks belongs to subcutaneous fat and will not cause too many health problems like visceral fat. But generally speaking, the more subcutaneous fat, the easier it is for internal organs to accumulate fat.
5. Abdomen
Men are more likely to accumulate fat in the abdomen than women. Compared with people in pear shape (whose fat is concentrated in thighs and buttocks), people with apple-shaped figure (whose fat is concentrated in abdomen) are more likely to suffer from diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
Compared with thighs and buttocks, the subcutaneous fat thickness of abdomen can better reflect the amount of visceral fat, so we can simply estimate the visceral fat content by measuring waist circumference in daily life.
Perhaps most people understand the above knowledge, but the difference that really affects everyone's choice of weight loss method lies in: how is fat consumed and decomposed?
Obesity is a metabolic disease. When it comes to metabolism, it is necessary for everyone to understand the three major excretory pathways of the human body, namely lung qi and water; Skin-water, salt, a small amount of urea, etc. ; Kidney water, urea, creatinine, drugs, etc.
Fat can only be converted into carbon dioxide, water and ATP through chemical reactions. Carbon dioxide and water are excreted through the lungs, and ATP is used for nutrient consumption of body cells.
With sufficient oxygen supply, fatty acids can be decomposed into acetyl coenzyme A, completely oxidized into CO2 and H2O, and a lot of energy is released. Most tissues can oxidize fatty acids, except brain tissues, because fatty acids cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier. The specific oxidation steps are as follows:
1) fatty acids are activated to produce fatty acyl coenzyme a.
2) Fatty acyl coenzyme A enters mitochondria, because β -oxidation of fatty acids occurs in mitochondria. This step requires the transportation of carnitine. Carnitine acyltransferase I is the rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid β -oxidation and the entry of fatty acyl coenzyme A into mitochondria is the main rate-limiting step of fatty acid β -oxidation For example, when the sugar supply is insufficient, the activity of this enzyme is enhanced, and the oxidation of fatty acids is enhanced, and the body relies on fatty acids for energy supply.
3) β-oxidation of fatty acids
Butyl-CoA undergoes the final β oxidation: 2 molecules of acetyl-CoA are produced.
So every time β oxidation 1 fatty acyl coenzyme A generates 1 FADH2, 1 NADH+H+ and 1 acetyl coenzyme A, the former generates 1.5 molecular ATP through respiratory chain oxidation, and the latter generates 2.5 molecular ATP.
In other words, fat reduction follows at least two principles: lipolytic enzyme+coenzyme decomposes fat; The decomposed ATP needs to be consumed, so the calorie intake must be less than the calorie consumption required by the body itself;
However, most fat-reducing meals on the market can only be low in calories and sugar, but they can't guarantee balanced nutrition, and there are no lipolytic enzymes and coenzymes needed to decompose fat. Therefore, when we encounter a way to lose weight, we need to fully understand its fat-reducing principle. If science is unscientific, we just need to know a little more.
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SuKa Suka is a healthy fat-reducing product.
Min?
Liaoning province guangyuheng biology science and technology co., ltd
Suka &' s official partner in operation and sales; entrepreneurship tutor
18643866998
Suka biscuit