Chinese Name: Probiotics English Name: Probiotics Definition: Bacteria beneficial to people and animals. It can be used for mariculture, improving water quality (such as photosynthetic bacteria) or preventing diseases (such as some lactic acid bacteria). Discipline: marine science and technology (first-class discipline); Marine technology (two disciplines); Probiotics in marine biotechnology (third-level discipline) refers to live bacterial preparations and their metabolites that play a beneficial role by improving the ecological balance of host intestinal flora after investment, thus improving the health level and health status of hosts (humans and animals). It refers to the living bacteria preparation and its metabolites that improve the microecological balance of the host and play a beneficial role in improving the health level and health state of the host. Probiotics exist in every corner of the earth. The beneficial bacteria or fungi in animals mainly include lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, actinomycetes and yeasts. At present, the most powerful products studied in the world are mainly compound active probiotics composed of the above microorganisms. What health care and disease-resistant effects do bacteria have on human body? Some scholars abroad believe that its functions can be summarized as follows: ① prevention and treatment of diarrhea; ② Relieve the symptoms of lactose intolerance; ③ Prevention of vaginal infection; ④ Enhance human immunity; ⑤ Alleviate allergy; ⑥ Reduce serum cholesterol; ⑦ Prevent cancer and inhibit tumor growth. ① Prevention or improvement of diarrhea: Bad eating habits or taking antibiotics will break the balance of intestinal flora, which will lead to diarrhea. Supplementing probiotics is helpful to balance intestinal flora, restore normal intestinal pH and relieve diarrhea symptoms. ② Relieve the symptoms of lactose intolerance: Lactic acid bacteria can help the human body decompose lactose, relieve diarrhea, flatulence and other discomfort symptoms, and can be eaten with milk. ③ Prevention of vaginal infection: Lactobacillus acidophilus in yogurt can inhibit the reproduction of Candida albicans in vagina. Double-blind controlled trials in Europe have confirmed this. Every female patient takes yogurt 150ml containing a lot of probiotics orally every day. As a result, the incidence of vaginal infection is much lower than that of women in the placebo group. ④ Enhance human immunity: There is a very developed immune system in the intestine. Probiotics can regulate the low or high immune activity to a normal state by stimulating the immune function in the intestine. This immunomodulatory effect of probiotics is also considered to be helpful to fight cancer and inhibit allergic diseases. ⑤ Promoting the health of intestinal digestive system: Probiotics can inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria in the intestine, reduce toxins and promote intestinal peristalsis, thus improving intestinal function and defecation. ⑥ Lowering serum cholesterol: Caucasus Mountain and Mediterranean coast in Europe are famous longevity towns. Local people often drink homemade yogurt and seldom suffer from diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity. A large number of scientific studies have confirmed that this is related to the rich probiotics in yogurt. These probiotics can lower serum cholesterol levels. In addition, long-term supplementation of probiotics can also help prevent bone loss and osteoporosis. Patients often take health food containing probiotics, which can prevent and treat diarrhea. There are more than 500 kinds and trillions of different bacteria living in the intestines of normal people. In most cases, they restrict each other and thrive. Once the balance of intestinal flora is broken, it will cause diarrhea. Secondly, the abuse of antibiotics can also cause diarrhea. Some European medical centers have tried oral liquid with lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium and inulin as the main ingredients to treat travelers' diarrhea, and achieved good results. Another function of probiotics is to prevent vaginal infection. A double-blind controlled trial in Europe (46 women with a history of vaginal mold infection) confirmed this. Every female patient takes yogurt 150ml containing a lot of probiotics orally every day. As a result, the incidence of vaginal infection is much lower than that of women in the placebo group. This is because Lactobacillus acidophilus in yogurt can inhibit the reproduction of Candida albicans in vagina. Scientists believe that the proliferation of probiotics in the intestine can promote and improve the body's general immunity. In some famous longevity towns in Europe (such as Caucasus mountainous areas and Mediterranean coastal countries), local people often drink homemade yogurt, and rarely suffer from diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The research believes that this is related to the fact that yogurt contains a lot of probiotics. From 1970s to 1990s, a large number of foreign experiments confirmed that drinking probiotic drinks can really reduce serum cholesterol. Recently, a foreign scholar published a paper pointing out that drinking 200 ml of yogurt fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus and inulin every day can reduce the blood lipid of hyperlipidemia patients by about 4.4% on average. Because both Lactobacillus acidophilus and inulin have lipid-lowering effects. In addition, the research report said that long-term consumption of probiotics can prevent cancer and tumor diseases, prevent bone loss and osteoporosis. What are the effects of probiotics on plants? 1, enhance plant metabolism, promote photosynthesis and strengthen leaf protective film, resist pathogenic bacteria and promote root development. 2, produce antibacterial substances, inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, produce beneficial substances, and prevent various diseases of crops. 3. Beneficial bacteria and actinomycetes colonize in the soil, forming a good environment for crop growth, improving soil fertility and thoroughly improving soil properties, and finally realizing green organic agricultural products, no-tillage operation and sustainable development. Now the research on probiotics is very in-depth and meticulous, and has been widely used in industry, agriculture, environmental protection, family and other fields, and has achieved very remarkable results. Now the research on probiotics is very in-depth and meticulous, and has been widely used in industry, agriculture, environmental protection, family and other fields, and has achieved very remarkable results. A healthy human body will contain billions of probiotics, most of which live in the intestines. Their most important task is to keep these probiotics. The bad eating habits of modern people with high fat and low fiber are not only taking antibiotics for a long time, or eating abnormally when traveling. Each Li Jiakang compound probiotic bead contains as many as 500 million live bacteria and has three layers of protective bags, which can safely transport the live bacteria to the small intestine and balance the ecology of intestinal flora. Bifidobacterium is a physiological bacterium existing in human body and one of the most beneficial bacteria in human body. It is inseparable from human health and can be said to be a magic weapon endowed by nature to human health. Bifidobacterium decomposes sugar to produce lactic acid and acetic acid, which makes the intestine acidic. Therefore, it can control abnormal fermentation caused by harmful bacteria, stimulate intestinal peristalsis and relieve constipation. Bifidobacterium preparation can inhibit the number of harmful bacteria that produce toxins, thus playing a good therapeutic role for patients with liver diseases. Beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium can affect cholesterol metabolism, convert it into steroids that are not absorbed by human body, and reduce the concentration of cholesterol in blood, thus having certain preventive and therapeutic effects on hypertension and arteriosclerosis. Bifidobacterium can produce lactase during the fermentation of dairy products to help patients digest lactose. Bifidobacterium can produce lactic acid and acetic acid after fermentation in human intestine, which can improve the utilization rate of calcium, phosphorus and iron, and promote the absorption of iron and vitamin D. Lactose is fermented by Bifidobacterium to produce galactose, which is a component of cerebrosides in the cranial nerve system and is closely related to the rapid growth of the brain after the baby is born. Bifidobacterium can produce vitamins B 1, B2, B6, B 12, alanine, valine, aspartic acid, threonine and other essential nutrients, which have important nutritional effects on human body. Bifidobacterium can inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria and reduce the production of harmful substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, earthworm feces and fecal odor in its metabolites. The function of Bifidobacterium preparation is bidirectional regulation, which can reduce the height and increase the height. Bifidobacterium preparation can treat diarrhea and constipation at the same time, and make the human body return to normal, which is the role of regulation. The work of Lactobacillus acidophilus is to help protein digest, thus producing lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, enzymes, antibiotics and vitamin B, etc. According to the colon health handbook, a healthy colon should contain at least 85% lactobacillus and 15% Escherichia coli. However, the general colon count test results are just the opposite, which will lead to flatulence, toxicity of small intestine and the whole system, constipation and malabsorption, and will lead to the overgrowth of candida. Lactic acid bacteria may also help detoxify. Causes include repeated use of antibiotics, oral contraceptives, aspirin, corticosteroids, poor diet, eating sweets, yeast and nervousness. All these have caused the imbalance of benign bacteria. Benign bacteria easily combine with some wastes and are excreted; Lactobacillus acidophilus also has antibacterial effect. It is the first strain to enter the gastrointestinal tract of newborns. It can produce oligosaccharides and is a probiotic. There are no bacteria in human gastrointestinal tract at birth, but after 5-6 days of birth, some bacteria are "acquired" from the environment. Among them, the main bacteria are so-called lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria before the child is one year old, and gradually change into the bacterial population ecology of adult gastrointestinal tract after one year old (e.coli is the most). In the process of evolution, these bacteria merged into our gastrointestinal tract and formed a "* * *" state with the human body. In addition to synthesizing vitamins K and B needed by human body, their main function is to form ecological balance and inhibit the growth of other harmful bacteria.