Bacillus is a genus of bacteria that can form spores (endospore). They have strong resistance to external harmful factors and are widely distributed, and exist in soil, water, air and animal intestines.
Antimicrobial substances produced by Bacillus have broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, strong bactericidal effect on a variety of food-related Gram-negative bacteria and positive bacteria, and generally have good thermal stability, which can be used to prevent the pollution of other bacteria during food thermal processing, re-pollution after pasteurization, and contamination of miscellaneous bacteria during food fermentation.
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Matters needing attention
1. Most Bacillus are harmless, but some are pathogenic to humans and animals. Bacillus cereus can cause food poisoning, and its symptoms are similar to those of Staphylococcus aureus.
2. Some strains can produce heat-resistant toxin in food, which is related to spore germination. After eating 1~5h, they will have vomiting symptoms. Other strains produce heat-labile enterotoxin, which causes diarrhea within 10~ 15h after ingestion.
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