Training method of music rhythm
1. rhythm overview
Rhythm is the earliest formal element in music and the most dynamic expressive element in music. Compared with other musical elements, rhythm "is related to all the factors of' time' in music, which is different from the aspect of pitch in music".
Rhythm is people's expression and perception of time elements in the field of music, and there are different levels of understanding of rhythm. In a narrow sense, it is only the length and combination of pronunciation points, which is about the specific form. However, in actual music, rhythm units with the same nature and the same pronunciation points may be different from one work to another, which are closely related to many factors in music, such as speed, duration, beat, stress, bars and so on. Especially in the process of sound pattern combination, rhythm units with the same nature and the same pronunciation points may be due to. The generalized rhythm will also involve the period of musical works, that is, the division of "syntax" or "musical structure", the problem of proportion and balance.
2. Training methods of rhythmic listening and memory.
For some basic rhythm division, as Li Zhongguang said, "No matter how complicated the rhythm is, after subdivision, it is composed of the simplest relationship of 2: 1". That is to say, the first half beat and the second half beat are equally accepted, and one note is patted every half. This rhythm seems simple, and it seems that everyone can do it, but it is not easy to master it accurately and truly. Many people don't train seriously because they think it's simple.
So if you don't lay a solid and accurate foundation, you can't master it when you enter the complex rhythm training. As long as the basic relationship of "2: 1" is mastered, all rhythm exercises belonging to the basic division can be bypassed by analogy.
For example, syncopation rhythm is a rhythm that ordinary students find difficult. In fact, as long as they can sing every two octaves accurately, syncopation rhythm is just to connect the two octaves in the middle. Master the big syncopation (that is, syncopation rhythm within two beats), in which the eighth note becomes two sixteenth notes, and then you can master the more complicated syncopation rhythm. Such as 2/4 xx | xx | xx | x-‖.
Another example: dot notes. Usually, some students' understanding of dotted notes is not accurate enough. The postscript is long or short, and the notes that appear after the postscript are sooner or later. When training, you should train the attached points into notes and divide them into 2: 1. For example, you can write the attached quarter note as 2/4 beat X X, and then connect the two notes. If you can't pronounce it correctly, you can read the first sound of the second beat as a, which is xx, and then read A lightly to become xx.
In addition, no matter how complicated the rhythm of the basic beat is, the training method of beat can be changed into a very simple rhythm by increasing the unit beat value.
We should repeatedly train and imitate the' basic rhythm' we have learned. The basic rhythm and its variants are various, but they are all the same. If we master some of their most basic rhythms, then let them be reversed, split, and add affixes, rests or sustain lines, and the complex rhythms derived will be solved.
Cultivate a sense of rhythm
Rhythm training, in a sense, is also to accurately express musical emotions. The expression of this musical emotion is precisely the feeling of rhythm in the actual training of rhythm, which is also called "sense of rhythm". We usually say that someone has a good sense of rhythm, which mainly means that this person has a strong ability to respond to rhythm, can grasp the rhythm accurately and quickly, and can keep this speed in line with the rhythm of music throughout the song.
The ultimate goal of rhythm training is to develop the correct combination of speed sense, beat sense and sound value. Among the time factors that constitute music, rhythm, beat and speed are the three most basic elements. Therefore, we should also cultivate and train students' sense of rhythm from these three aspects. Rhythm is achieved by beat, and the sense of speed is the sense of beat.
In teaching, students are required to maintain a stable speed and the ability to beat evenly. It is very important to maintain stability, that is, we should not be faster and slower, and we should not be slower and slower. This is the most basic sense of beat. In this process, students are required to swing the beat (there are also beating methods such as kicking, stamping and twisting fingers in foreign training), so that students can measure the rhythm with the correct beat feeling as the standard.
But the training of beat sense is intertwined with the change of rhythm. The more complicated the rhythm, the more difficult it is to stabilize the sense of beat. Therefore, the training of beat sense needs to run through the whole rhythm training, so that students can have a stable and certain beat sense in their inner hearing, so as not to be in a hurry in the complex and multi-voice relationship. Among them, the grasp of rhythm stress and rhythm stress is very important. No matter what beat, bars are divided by strong beats, that is, rhythmic stress. This is the feeling of rhythm stress. If the rhythm stress and rhythm stress are wrong, the bar will be crossed wrong and unrecognizable.
The training of music rhythm is a process from perceptual knowledge to rational learning to perceptual accumulation, and it is also a process of continuous practice and theory. It can never be done overnight, and it takes long-term unremitting training to achieve a qualitative leap.
4. Rhythm practice
Rhythmic rest practice will cause inner tension. In training, we should overcome the inner tension, face it with a normal heart, and don't disturb the original speed as soon as we meet this rhythm. Attention should be paid to stabilizing the inner sense of speed and strengthening the inner sense of rhythm. When practicing, you can meditate on the length of rest in your mind, so that for practitioners, you can grasp the length of rest more accurately.
The appearance of syncopation will change the law of beat strength. When practicing syncopation, we should pay attention to the fact that in the beat where syncopation is located, the first sound is not stress, and the stress is transferred to the second sound, so the second sound appears stronger than other sounds in the beat.
There are often dotted rhythms in music, such as ××. , xx. And so on. We often ignore the duration of attachment, and often stop when the duration of attachment is not extended enough. Over time, we will form the bad habit of stopping before the duration is extended enough. It will also affect the characteristics of the rhythm type of the back point in music and the expressive force of music, so we must extend the duration of the back point long enough.
In the practice of Legato, the rhythm of Legato will show its particularity in the inherent beat. Pay attention to the duration of the beat, distribute the sound length evenly within a fixed duration, and pay more attention to its connection with other rhythms.
Step 5 practice the sense of rhythm
Rhythmic exercise has strong emotional effect and unique performance function, which often corresponds to people's psychological activities. A good sense of rhythm is a keen perception and accurate expression of various factors of rhythm. The sense of rhythm is the basis and condition for the formation of music perception and understanding.
The training of sense of rhythm can begin with the cultivation of sense of rhythm. For example, practice counting beats with a metronome. First hit one tone, two tones, three tones and four tones with the metronome, and then practice walking or running by counting the balance codes yourself. It is easy to make the balanced beat feel solid in your heart, and you can have an inner sense of balance between speed and beat, which is the basis for developing rhythm training and laying a good foundation for learning rhythm.
Rhythm training can also be added to recitation. We live in a language environment, and language itself contains rich and vivid rhythms. It is relatively easy to master the rhythm of music from the rhythm of language, and we should start with rhythmic reading. For example, read some simple poems and songs rhythmically, or improvise some rhythmic words and beat the rhythm with your hands while reading.
If you read the poem rhythmically: ×××××-|×××××× |
The sun was slowly sinking near the western hills, and the yellow river flowed into the east sea.
× ×.× × ×— | × ×.× × ×|
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
In this way, we not only practiced the rhythm, but also cultivated our writing ability and experienced the sense of rhythm. In the process of rhythm training, you can also add basic command gestures, which will be of great help to rhythm training.
If you read the rhythm with your mouth and beat the beat with your hands at the same time, and ensure that the speed of each beat is consistent, you should start from slow practice and slowly speed up the practice to make the action of strong beat more obvious than that of weak beat. On the one hand, students can correctly read the standard speed required by each rhythm, and at the same time, it is helpful to cultivate musical expression.
Training methods of musical hearing
First, listen to the piano.
Most music teachers use keyboard instruments such as organ, piano, accordion and electronic organ to organize their teaching. Therefore, the training of listening ability is the most basic hearing training, which can improve the ability to listen to the sound of the piano in time.
1. Distinguish the piano language. Distinguishing piano language is a routine listening training. In order to organize teaching better, it is necessary to train regularly to distinguish piano language. In order to form the corresponding skills.
2. Name the voice. Every time you teach singing, you should train the pronunciation of names. The teacher plays one or several notes (sound groups) on the piano, so that students can try to say their names to improve their ability to perceive notes.
3. Sing notes. Teachers play notes or sound groups on the piano, so that students can learn to sing after listening to them and enhance their memory and expression ability.
Second, listen to music.
It is an effective way to enhance the perception ability of auditory organs to let students often listen to relevant instrumental music and conduct listening training in the process of appreciation.
1. Pin musical instrument. Music, of course, is the music played by musical instruments. After listening to a piece of music, ask the students to taste the sound made by which instrument or instruments. For example: (1) Erquan seals the moon; (2) I am a soldier (flute); (3) Mountains and rivers (guzheng); (4) Rain hits banana (pipa); (5) beaming (suona, flute, string, percussion, etc. ).
2. Name the song. Let the students say the name of the song accurately after enjoying the music every time, so as to better understand the music and enrich the music knowledge. For example: (1) Jiangnan (Guangdong) music (Zizhu tune, BBK, flying daggers >; ; (2) national music (Journey to the West, Cowherd, with a golden sun); (3) Western music (Swan Lake, Moonlight, Matador).
3. Remember the music. When the teaching of reading music reaches a certain level, students can try to record music scores, carry out higher-level listening training and improve their ability to record while listening. Of course, we can't rush it. We should go from shallow to deep, from less to more, gradually do what we can, and remember as much as possible, even if it is symbolic. Teachers carry out necessary inspection and guidance. Stimulate perception and memory, reproduce interest in music score, and strengthen listening ability training.
Third, listen to music.
In the process of music listening training, teachers can give full play to the role of tape recorders, so that students can enjoy the songs on the tapes, and then carry out corresponding listening training.
1. Listen to music. Teachers can use tape recorders to play famous or popular songs, so that students can appreciate different styles and genres of songs and train their perception of songs. For example: (1) national songs (Yimeng Mountain minor, embroidered gold tablet, come in February); (2) Bel Canto songs (I love your motherland, ode to Beijing, hometown of the sea); (3) The popular songs "999 Roses", "A Good Man's Life is Safe" and "Mountains don't turn to water".
2. comment on the singer. After listening to the recording or listening to the songs by students themselves, we can ask them to comment on the singing styles and skills of some singers, such as Li Guyi, Dong Wenhua, Guo Song, Li Shuangjiang, David Jiang, Mao Ning and Yang Yuying, so as to enhance their appreciation.
3. talk about feelings. After each listening training, we should carry out the training of talking about experience, further improve the ability of feeling and experience, and stimulate the interest in learning music well; Learn from each other, inspire each other, constantly improve themselves, and let listening training develop and sublimate.
As mentioned above, in music teaching, according to students' characteristics and actual situation, we can seize the opportunity to carry out listening training in a planned way, gradually enhance students' ability to perceive music, and insert ideal wings for learning music well.
What are the music health preserving methods?
The liver likes listening to angular music.
If you are troubled by some troublesome things for a long time, the liver will stop the gas that should flow in the body. Over time, it will gradually consume the energy of the liver, resulting in symptoms such as depression, irritability, breast pain, bitter taste, dysmenorrhea, tongue ulcer, dry eyes, timidity, and being easily frightened.
Suitable music: angular music, cordial and hearty, has the characteristics of "wood" and can enter the liver. Representative song "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia".
Suggestion: You might as well make a cup of green tea and listen to music at 7: 00 ~ 1 1: 00 in the evening, which will help to overcome the hyperactivity of liver qi and prevent it from turning into fire. Yin Qi is used to nourish the liver and play a role in combing the liver qi.
My heart likes listening to tonal music.
The heart controls mental state and blood circulation. If adverse factors such as high pressure of life and work, reduced sleep and less exercise continue to hurt the heart, it is easy to cause symptoms such as palpitation, chest tightness, chest pain, irritability and tongue ulcer.
Suitable music: tuned music, lively and relaxed, has the characteristics of "fire" and can enter the heart. Representative song "Purple Bamboo Tune".
Suggestion: Chinese medicine pays the most attention to sleeping at noon, so try to calm down before 9: 00 ~ 1 1: 00 in the evening, soak a cup of black tea and listen to a piece of purple bamboo tune, which has a good effect on nourishing the heart and making the heart function work normally.
Spleen likes listening to court music.
Spleen is an important energy source for human body. Overeating and overthinking will overload the spleen and stomach, resulting in abdominal distension, loose stool, oral and lip ulcers, obesity, yellow complexion, scanty menstruation, fatigue, sagging stomach or uterus, etc.
Suitable music: Gongdiao music, melodious and quiet in style, as generous and firm as "earth", can enter the spleen. The representative song "House of Flying Daggers".
Suggestion: Appreciating this kind of music is suitable for digesting and absorbing things rhythmically under the stimulation of music during meals or within one hour after meals. And with a cup of yellow tea, it helps to gently regulate the spleen and stomach function.
Dragons like to listen to Shang music.
The lungs are responsible for the external gas exchange, and then deliver the gas to all parts of the body. Due to the frequent contact between the lungs and the outside world, polluted air and various pathogenic bacteria can easily invade the lungs at the moment when human immunity declines, resulting in symptoms such as sore throat, cough, stuffy nose, asthma and cold.
Suitable music: Shang Diao music, sonorous and tragic, has the characteristics of "gold" and can enter the lungs. Representative song "Chun Xue".
Suggestion: From 3 pm to 7 pm, the lung qi in the body is relatively strong. With the melody of the song, inhaling and exhaling is conducive to combing the lungs from the inside out through music. Preparing a cup of white tea can replenish lung qi and remove impurities from the lung.
Kidney likes listening to feather music.
The kidney is the body's savings institution. When the energy of other organs in the body is insufficient, it is usually transferred from the kidney. Over time, the energy of the kidney will be in a state of scarcity, resulting in dull complexion, frequent urination, backache, low sexual desire and diarrhea at dawn.
Suitable music: Feather-like music, pure in style, sad and sad, like a crystal curtain falling from the sky, flowing, with the characteristics of "water", can enter the kidney. The representative song "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms"
Suggestion: 7: 00 am to 1 1 is the time when the temperature keeps rising. During this time, the kidney qi in the body will also be tempted by the outside world. Under the stimulation of music, the essence in the kidney will be improved. If you can add a cup of black tea, it can have the effect of five elements.
Music decompression method
First, the music decompression method
Music can not only affect people's mood, but also treat different diseases. Now most doctors in the world no longer doubt this. People call this new treatment method of using music to treat diseases and improve health "music therapy".
Music therapy has become quite common abroad. Surgery is to use music to soothe nerves, but it is more used to treat people's psychological diseases. An English music therapist once said, "Music has the power to awaken, connect and integrate personality."
Different music acts on people's sensory organs. Because of the different melody, speed and tone of music, it can produce different effects such as calmness, relaxation and excitement. , so as to regulate emotions, stabilize the internal environment, and achieve the effects of analgesia, blood pressure reduction and hypnosis.
Here are some famous songs suitable for different moods:
Let's start with western classical music. When you are depressed, you can listen to Mozart's Symphony No.40 in B minor, sibelius's Waltz of Sorrow, Bach's Italian Concerto in A major, Strauss's Blue Danube and Bizet's Carmen Suite. When you feel anxious, you can listen to Haydn's Royal Fireworks Music, Rossini's William Tell and Bao Luoting's Dance of the Tatars. When you have insomnia, you can listen to Mozart's lullaby, Mendelssohn's A Midsummer Night's Dream and Debussy's piano concerto Dream. ...
If you like Chinese classical music, you can choose music that is soothing, low-key, gentle, euphemistic and elegant, such as Moonlit Night on the Spring River, Moonlit Night, Nandujiang, Disease, Hypnosis and Fishing Song Guangming. There are also many melodies with bright rhythm, smooth melody and beautiful timbre in Chinese classical music, which can cheer people up and make people feel happy, such as running water, gathering together, horse racing, walking in the light, happy birthday, birds bathing in phoenix and myna, etc. In addition, you can choose some music that reflects the vitality between heaven and earth, such as Happy Birthday.
It should be noted that different music therapies are suitable for different times. Generally speaking, listening to soothing music before going to bed at night is helpful to sleep and rest; Exciting music should be listened to in the morning or in the morning, which makes people full of energy and high spirits; There are fewer restrictions on music to relieve depression, so you can listen to it at any time. However, the essence of music is often not single, but a variety of compatibility. People can choose according to their own situation and under the guidance of experts.
In addition, you can also take active music therapy, such as attending karaoke and concerts to entertain yourself, and the effect is also very good.
Second, psychological music decompression considerations
Music decompression, as a health care way to relax people's body and mind, is suitable for sub-healthy people and adults. Most of the music used for music decompression is music describing natural scenery such as mountains, grasslands, streams, oceans, forests and fields. These music can easily make people feel relaxed and beautiful. When using this method for psychological decompression, different people should choose their own physical relaxation methods and adopt their favorite music according to their actual situation.
It is particularly important to note that patients with severe depression, anxiety, phobia and other psychological diseases cannot control their emotional reactions normally and effectively, so this method is not suitable for self-psychological decompression. In addition, patients with schizophrenia or cognitive impairment, as well as people with imperfect self-personality structure and too fragile emotions, are also prohibited from using this psychological decompression method.
Third, daily decompression tips
water the plants
Water the plants when you are upset. Studies have shown that staying in the plant world for 10 seconds can produce great psychological relaxation.
2. Choose a green road for commuting.
Beautiful road greening landscape is conducive to pedestrians to calm their emotions and reduce their pressure.
3. Drink more orange juice
The latest research found that taking enough vitamin C every day can help reduce the level of stress hormones. Researchers suggest that drinking two glasses of orange juice of about 250 ml every day can not only meet the body's demand for vitamin C, but also reduce stress.
Step 4 play with plasticine
Make a symbol of "failure" with plasticine and throw it far away. This action can help people get out of the shadow of past failures, grasp the present and look forward to the future.