New media is a new media form under the new technical support system, such as digital magazines, digital newspapers, digital broadcasting, mobile phone short messages, mobile TV, network, desktop windows, digital TV, digital movies, touch media and so on. Compared with newspapers, outdoor, radio and television, new media is vividly called "the fifth media".
Wired magazine in the United States defines new media as "communication between all people and all people".
Professor Xiong Chengyu from Tsinghua University School of Journalism and Communication: "The emergence and influence of media forms based on computer information processing technology."
Associate Professor Chen Yongdong in the field of new media of Shanghai Theatre Academy: "New media is a kind of media, which is a variety of application forms relative to traditional media. At present, there are mainly Internet media, handheld media, digital interactive media, car mobile media, outdoor media and new media art. "
Wang Bin, Secretary General of the New Media Industry Alliance: "New media is an innovative media based on digital information technology and characterized by interactive communication."
Jiang Nanchun, CEO of Focus Media: "Focus is to distinguish the audience, and Focus Media is facing a specific audience group, which can be clearly described and defined. This group happens to be the leading consumer group or heavy consumer group of certain commodities or brands. "
Peng, manager of Shanghai Lake Media Department, said: "New media is a media form that displays information and information content through mobile terminals represented by mobile phones based on wireless communication technology after newspapers, radio, television and the Internet. Its application forms mainly include mobile Internet portal, mobile newspaper, mobile TV, mobile social network, mobile Weibo and electronic reading. "
Wu Zhi, CEO of Sunshine Culture Group: "Compared with the old media, the first feature of new media is its dissolving power-dissolving the boundaries between traditional media (TV, radio, newspapers, communications), dissolving the boundaries between countries, communities and industries, dissolving the boundaries between information senders and receivers, and so on."
Wei Wu, vice president and chief operating officer of BlogBus, defined: "The audience can participate extensively and deeply in the form of media (mainly through digital mode)." Huang, Communication University of China: The basic elements of new media are three infinity based on network and digital technology, namely, infinite demand, infinite communication and infinite production. -Understanding at the level of social relations.
To be sure, "new media" is a variety of media forms based on digital technology and network technology. "New" is fundamentally embodied in technology as well as in form. Some new media are brand new, such as the Internet. There are also some media forms that combine the old and the new after introducing new technologies on the basis of the old media, such as electronic newspapers.
New media is a media that can provide personalized content to the public at the same time. It is a media in which communicators and recipients are integrated into equal communicators and countless communicators can communicate with each other at the same time.
In recent two years, with the rapid development of science and technology, new media has attracted more and more attention and become a hot topic. The prosperity of new media in the industry has further strengthened the academic research on it. In 2005, there were dozens of articles on this topic in the core journals of news communication, which analyzed the new media from different angles.
Scholars have different opinions on the definition of new media, and so far there is no conclusion. Some communication journals have "new media" columns, but the research objects of articles are different, such as digital TV, mobile TV, mobile media, IPTV and so on. Some publications also include blogs and podcasts in the new media column. So, what exactly is new media?
The so-called new media is relative to the traditional media. Professor Xiong Chengyu of Tsinghua University believes that new media is a constantly changing concept. "On the basis of today's network, there are extensions, wireless mobile problems, and other new media forms, all related to computers. This can be said to be new media. "
Some experts also put forward: "As long as the basic elements of media are different from traditional media, it can be called new media. Otherwise, it is at most a deformation or improvement on the original basis. " "The current new media should be defined as the media form that appears on the basis of telecommunication network-including the way of using wired and wireless channels."
Some scholars define new media as "interactive digital composite media".
What new online media are there?
Including Internet TV, blogs, podcasts, videos, electronic magazines, etc.
Network new media is a form of communication that provides users with information and services through computer networks, wireless communication networks, satellites and other channels, as well as terminals such as computers, mobile phones and digital televisions. Now it includes: Internet TV, blogs, podcasts, videos, electronic magazines and so on.
"New media" refers to the media corresponding to "traditional media" at present, which is supported by digital compression and wireless network technology and realizes globalization by its large capacity, real-time performance and interactivity.
Extended data:
Characteristics of new network media:
1, excellent media personalization. Due to technical reasons, the media in the past were almost all popular. However, new media can be geared to more subdivided audiences and individuals, and individuals can customize their own news through new media.
2. Increased audience selectivity. Technically speaking, in the new media, everyone can receive information, and everyone can also act as an information publisher. Users can watch TV programs and play music at the same time, and also participate in program voting and information retrieval.
3. The new media has various forms and rich expression processes, which can integrate words, audio and pictures, so that the content can expand infinitely in an instant, thus making the content a "living thing".
Sogou Encyclopedia-New Media (a form of media)
What are the emerging new media now?
First of all, we should pay attention to an obvious fact that new media is a historical category, that is, what we call "new" and "old" evolves with the historical process, which is immutable and relative. Newspapers and television, for example, used to be new media, but now it is hard to say that they are new media. Professor Xiong Chengyu of Tsinghua University also believes that new media is a constantly changing concept. "On the basis of today's network, there are extensions, wireless mobile problems, and other new media forms, all related to computers. This can be said to be new media. "
Under this premise, the new media we are talking about now generally refers to: digital magazines, digital newspapers, digital broadcasting, mobile phone short messages, mobile TV, network, desktop windows, digital TV, digital movies, touch media and so on. Compared with newspapers, outdoor, radio and television, new media is vividly called "the fifth media".
What are the characteristics of new media?
In this regard, Wu Zhi believes: "Compared with the old media, the first feature of the new media is its dissolving power-dissolving the boundaries between traditional media (TV, radio, newspapers and communications), dissolving the boundaries between countries, communities and industries, dissolving the boundaries between information senders and receivers, and so on." Zhou Jin pointed out that new media can really connect with the audience, and at the same time, it is interactive and interactive. New media has brought many new ideas and models to the media industry, such as more and more specialized programs and the seller's market turning to the buyer's market. Guo Weihua believes: "The biggest difference between new media and traditional media lies in the change of communication state: from one-to-many to many-to-many." "From the perspective of communication, new media communication has four characteristics-everyone can conduct mass communication; Information' has nothing to do with' meaning'; The initiative of the audience is greatly enhanced; The "minority" of mass communication. Some researchers put forward from another angle: "New media can release information almost freely, which challenges the production cost of news products of traditional media." Zhang Yuqiang also took the "London Bombing" as an example, and put forward the trend of multimedia integration of new media. "Citizen William Dutton took photos with his mobile phone and" reported "the disaster on a friend's blog in a way close to the live photos.
What are the new media?
There are many kinds of new media, but at present, network new media, mobile new media and digital new media are the main ones. In the specific classification, new media can be subdivided into:
1, new network media
Portal, search engine, virtual community, RSS, email/instant messaging/dialogue chain, blog/podcast, wiki, digger, Indian guest, guest exchange, wiki/ geek, online literature, online animation, online games, e-books, online magazines/e-magazines, online broadcasting, online TV, etc.
2. Mobile phone new media
SMS/MMS, newspapers/publications, TV/radio, etc.
3. New TV media
Digital TV, IPTV, mobile TV, building TV, etc.
4. Other new media
Tunnel media, roadside new media, information inquiry media and others.
What are the types of new media?
The types of new media are:
Portal, email, search engine, virtual community, online games, blogs, wikis, podcasts, short messages,
Mobile TV, network TV, digital TV, mobile newspaper, online magazine and so on.
Some of them belong to new media forms, and some belong to new media software, new media hardware and new media service methods.
The modes of communication of new media have the following characteristics:
1. Full-time communication. The timeliness of information dissemination has four stages of development: timing, immediacy, real-time and full-time. Full-time communication means that information can be released at any time.
2. Global communication. There are fewer and fewer geographical and spatial restrictions, and information can only be released by equipment and transmission signals.
3. Dissemination by the whole people. Communication is no longer the business of institutions and media units, everyone can participate in it, and anyone may be a reporter or editor.
4. Spread at full speed. The communication speed is faster than the old media, and the communication activities can be carried out at the same time as the event.
5. All-media communication. The information spread is not only words or pictures, but also various touch channels such as audio and video.
6. omni-channel communication. Diversified clients, such as computers, mobile phones, short messages, etc. , you can publish information.
7. Full interactive communication. All users have the opportunity to participate in a series of activities such as news clue collection, interview and distribution, and can comment afterwards.
8. Decentralized communication. There is no such thing as "front page headlines", and different audiences can choose many topics for discussion. On the other hand, it also shows that new media makes news diversified.
9. Go to the agenda to set up communication. Information dissemination is no longer a relatively fixed text mode, and different news publishers can use their own language habits to spread.
10. Self-purification reproduction. Although the spread area of negative information is four times that of positive information in the spread of new media, there will be relevant personnel to clarify the gossip, so the misunderstanding caused can basically be effectively contained.
What are the new media? What are their characteristics and trends?
It is the network media, also called the fourth media. According to different media, people divide the development of news media into different stages-traditional newspapers with paper as the media, broadcasting with radio waves as the media and television based on TV image transmission, which are called the first media, the second media and the third media respectively.
1In May, 1998, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan proposed at the UN Committee on Information that the Internet, the most advanced fourth media, should be used while strengthening the traditional means of written and audio-visual communication. Since then, the concept of "the fourth media" has been formally used.
Network media is called "the fourth media" to emphasize that it is the fourth largest news media that can deliver news information in time and widely, just like newspapers, radio and television. Broadly speaking, "the fourth media" usually refers to the Internet. However, the Internet is not only a media function to disseminate information, but also has the unique advantages of digitalization, multimedia, real-time and interactive dissemination of news information.
Therefore, the narrow sense of "the fourth media" refers to the internet-based communication platform to spread news information network. The "fourth media" can be divided into two parts, one is the digitalization of traditional media, such as the electronic version of People's Daily, and the other is the "new media" born due to the convenience provided by the network, such as Sina.
Every technological progress of mankind will bring about great changes in art, for example, the development of perspective and geometry has influenced painting in the Renaissance; The development of mineral and oil purification technology has influenced the clear and rich oil painting style in northern Europe; The research results of machine-produced pigments and optics have promoted the development of external light sketching and impressionism. In the 20th century, the greatest development between art and technology was the special influence of image technology on artistic language.
Art should not only create visual wealth for society, but also think about social culture visually. Only in this way can art truly realize its function.
Since this century, with the development of popular culture and the popularity of commercial TV programs, artists have begun to think about the visual acceptance and lifestyle of images. On the other hand, they have begun to engage in this kind of thinking and creation with various practical imaging technologies including photography and film and television. Since futurism, photography and collage of ready-made images have become an important way of artistic creation; Since NamJune Paik of Surfing School, TV, as a new visual technology, has been widely used in personalized visual creation.
Throughout the 20th century, photography, television and even movies have changed from popular culture to artistic creation media. Photography was originally a tool for recording and commemorating, but artists took away posing and collage from it, and combined with the objectivity of the image itself, it developed into a unique personal narrative way, resulting in surreal photography, Cindy Sherman's fake "movie stills" and jeff wall's fake "reality".
In the art of video recording, artists combined the electronic media characteristics of television to create artistic television programs different from popular television programs, resulting in NamJune Paik's "TV Electronic Painting" and Douglas's "Extended Film". Second, just as photography and film are the main visual technology development at the turn of the last century, digital technology is the visual technology development at the turn of the new century.
Similarly, it will inevitably affect the development of visual arts. Collage and traditional darkroom technology with multiple exposures and multiple backgrounds have been replaced by more convenient and powerful digital images in technology.
Digital processing is the splicing of graphics, which is more mature and perfect in technology than darkroom work in the manual age. The power of photography comes from people's trust in its objectivity (although in fact its objectivity is questionable). The digital montage of the fantasy world has gained trust because it seems objective, but at the same time, it has buried countless organs and attracted repeated attention for a long time. The sense of crisis in the objective image brings strong tension between truth and falsehood.
Digital image is the processing of pictures after shooting. Digital image makes the volume of the picture infinite, which makes it go further than traditional photography, so photo devices appear. In fact, the overwhelming huge graphic space created by Barbara Kugger has always been a device "field".
In the art of video recording, digital technology makes it easy for video clips to share many achievements of film aesthetics ―― all kinds of classic film time processing methods are suitable for video recording. Such as "flashback" as a flashback technique to reverse time and activate memory inventory; Slow mirror delays time and highlights the drama of subtle details; Switching time splicing changes narrative flow, cancels causality and even prompts simultaneity; Fast mirroring compactly compresses the time reduction event process to enhance its symbolic significance.
The time processing of video has greater flexibility in digital mode: the overlapping, crossing and parallel relationship of various time dimensions created by various digital stunts such as picture-in-picture and multi-layer painting greatly enriches the traditional film language, and the intervention of three-dimensional animation modeling makes any whimsy possible to become a visual reality. With the emergence of video and video equipment, interactivity has become the advantage of video art over other traditional art media.
The development of digital technology has created compact discs and networks, and at the same time, it has made it easier to interact with several TV screens or expensive projection equipment. Today, the multimedia art that people talk about is much stronger than the linear evolution of film narrative. Hypertext combined with video, sound and text can not only link to endless other texts, but also enter from various paths, which has made hypertext a maze, and the interactivity it provides is almost endless.
Judging from the concept of digital multimedia conceived by people at present, today's multimedia art is only a rough embryo, and we have more possibilities to explore. Multimedia means some comprehensive revival of art.
As we know, modernism is a platform for self-purification of various artistic categories, and painting should exclude literariness, even objects become a certain color on canvas, and finally come to abstract painting. Music should be the pure tone of surfing school, and photography has appeared the pure shadow school.
In ancient art, and.