Today, I will summarize the problems related to freckles, hoping to help everyone:
1, can freckles be inherited?
Yes, freckles are autosomal dominant hereditary skin diseases, that is, as long as there are pathogenic genes in the body, they will get sick.
If one parent has freckles, then at least half of the children have freckles; If both parents have freckles, then the child has at least 3/4 chances of getting freckles.
Due to the different internal and external environment, the role of freckle-causing genes may not be manifested, and some patients who should be sick may become carriers of pathogenic genes without clinical manifestations.
2. Why do you have freckles?
Under ultraviolet irradiation, tyrosinase activity of melanocytes in the basal layer of freckle skin increased, melanogenesis increased, and more melanocytes transferred to keratinocytes.
Pathologically, the melanocytes in the basal layer of epidermis are large, which secrete melanin actively, and there are many melanocytes, but the number of melanocytes is normal.
3. What are the clinical manifestations of freckles?
Freckles generally appear in childhood, and increase and deepen with age, showing several brown or brown spots the size of rice grains, several to hundreds, isolated from each other and generally symmetrically distributed, with more women than men.
4. What is the difference between freckles and chloasma?
Chloasma is a yellowish brown or dark brown plaque, which is symmetrically distributed on the zygomatic cheek, and can also involve the periorbital area, forehead, upper lip and nose with obvious edges. Chloasma is related to heredity, sun exposure, endocrine disorders, pregnancy, oral contraceptives and liver diseases.
5. Can freezing treat freckles?
In the early days, some doctors tried to treat freckles by freezing. The main function of freezing is to "frostbite" local melanocytes at low temperature. The disadvantage of freezing is that it is not easy to grasp the depth, which may cause pigmentation or discoloration. Therefore, it is not recommended to treat freckles by freezing now.
6. Can 6.CO2 laser and electrocautery treat freckles?
The disadvantages of CO2 laser and electrocautery are difficult to grasp the depth, easy to leave pigmentation and scars, no "selectivity" to pigments, and great damage to surrounding tissues.
7. Can freckle removing drugs treat freckles?
At present, there are many medicines for removing freckles, such as hydroquinone cream, L- vitamin C, arbutin cream, azelaic acid cream and so on. Some of these drugs inhibit melanin synthesis, others inhibit melanin transport or promote melanin metabolism. The effect of treating chloasma is good, but the effect of treating freckles is average.
Some freckle removing drugs seem to have a good effect, but they have a strong peeling effect, or contain heavy metals such as lead and mercury, which will damage the skin barrier and hurt the skin.
8. What is the preferred treatment for freckles?
At present, the first choice to treat freckles is intense pulsed light or Q755 and Q532 laser. Intense pulsed light or Q-switched laser utilizes the principle of selective absorption of light. Melanin in freckles can selectively absorb light energy, while surrounding tissues do not or rarely absorb light energy, which can effectively remove freckles without damaging skin barrier and normal skin.
The destroyed melanin can be shed by epidermal metabolism and scabbing, and some of it is excreted by blood vessels or lymphatic vessels with the phagocytosis of macrophages.
9. Does Q-switched laser or intense pulsed light have side effects in treating freckles?
If the skin is dry or sensitive, or patients who have been exposed to the sun for a long time recently, it is recommended not to do Q-switched laser or intense pulsed light first, which will make the skin more sensitive and reddish.
You can rest for a period of time, or do Shu Min repair treatment for a period of time, and then do Q-switched laser or intense pulsed light treatment when the skin is better, so that there will be no sensitive state.
Q-switched laser or intense pulsed light should also adjust its energy. If the energy is too high, there will be color, which is related to the clinical experience of doctors.
10, will it recur after freckle removal?
Freckles may recur after being cured. The main reason for recurrence is that the sun protection work is not done well. Some patients will not relapse for several years if they take proper sun protection measures. If you don't do a good job of sun protection, the probability of recurrence after treatment is relatively high.
Of course, it is normal for a few people to relapse, because Q-switched laser or intense pulsed light only removes melanin particles, and undamaged melanocytes recover their ability to produce melanin under the stimulation of ultraviolet rays, leading to recurrence. If there are a few recurrences, it is enough to consolidate them again with laser or intense pulsed light.