In the 14th year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Shi Siming launched a rebellion in Fanyang, which lasted for seven years. Since then, the Tang Dynasty has declined from prosperity to decline. This is the famous Anshi Rebellion in the history of the Tang Dynasty. Many people in the world believe that the reason for this rebellion is Yang Guifei's arrogance and her brother Yang's strength. In fact, this rebellion is all the fault of Emperor Taizong himself. In the first year of congenital, Tang Ruizong abdicated, Li Longji proclaimed himself emperor, and Tang Xuanzong was called Tang Huangming. At the beginning of his reign, he vigorously governed the country, and appointed Yao Chong and Song _ as ministers successively to rectify bad politics and further develop the social economy of the Tang Dynasty, which is known as the rule of Kaiyuan in history.
In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan, Xuanzong took Li, who was full of rhetoric, as prime minister and lived a dissolute life. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan, an ugly drama was performed, and the daughter-in-law was taken away and sealed, and Yang Yuhuan, the concubine of Li Mao, the 18th son, was brought into the palace to be the imperial concubine. Yang Guifei, a native of Yuhuan and Yongle in Tangpu, is the daughter of Yang Xuanyan. First as Princess Li Mao, the longevity king, and then as a female Taoist. The title is too real. Since being made a imperial concubine by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the family has ascended to heaven. His father, Yang Xuancong, was a satrap at first, and then a minister of the Ministry of War. Mother Li was named Mrs. Uncle Yang Xuangui was named Dr. Yin Guangqing Road. My younger brother, Yang, became an assistant minister, was promoted to an ancient scholar, given a name, and became a relative with him. Brother Yang _ lives in Chaolie. Cousin Yang _ is the mother-in-law of Princess Taihua. The elder sister, the third sister and the eighth sister were named Mrs. Han, Mrs. Guo and Mrs. Qin respectively. At that time, Yang was in power. No wonder there was a folk song that told women not to be sad and bitter, and men not to like it.
Yang Guifei, who is good at singing and dancing, looks as beautiful as flowers and jade, and flatters, is deeply loved by Tang Xuanzong. On one occasion, Xuanzong and his younger brother discussed state affairs together, and the imperial concubine had nothing to do with stealing Wang Zi and the Jade Emperor. The imperial concubine was deeply dissatisfied with Xuanzong and expelled her from the palace. Yang was afraid of getting himself into trouble, so he played with given and asked the emperor to put the imperial concubine to death in the palace. Tang Xuanzong did not accept Yang's suggestion, but asked Zhang Taoguang to send the imperial concubine home. The imperial concubine was filled with remorse and wept bitterly. She cut out a basket of martial arts and gave it to Zhang Taoguang, saying: Please play the emperor, I deserve to die. Gold, silver and jewelry are all given by the emperor, which is not enough to give away. Only this black hair was given to the emperor by my parents to show my loyalty to the emperor.
When Xuanzong saw Ufa, he was very moved, and Gao Made immediately recalled the imperial concubine. Since then, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty has been obedient to Yang Guifei, which can be seen only from Yang Guifei's love of litchi.
According to Tang Shi Supplement written by Li Zhao in Tang Dynasty, Yang Guifei was born in Shu and loved litchi. People born in Shanghai, especially those who are better than Shu, so they gallop forward every year. However, the party is familiar with the heat, and it will be defeated. It is unknown to future generations.
"The Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty" also said: My concubine loves litchi, and she wants to have it, so she rides it and travels thousands of miles. Her taste has not changed, and she has arrived in the capital.
Du Mu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote three quatrains about Huaqing Palace, which refers to this matter: Chang 'an looks back and embroiders in piles, and the top of the mountain opens a thousand times. Riding a princess and laughing in the world of mortals, no one knew it was litchi.
Huaqing Palace is the palace where Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei played, so it is located on Lishan Mountain in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province. It is conceivable that in the Tang Dynasty without modern means of transportation, it was very difficult to transport litchi from Guangxi to Huaqing Palace by flying horses. However, in order to please Yang Guifei, Tang Xuanzong ordered this. Du Mu's poems did not say that Emperor Tang Ming was dissolute and lewd, nor did he say that Yang Guifei was spoiled and arrogant. It just uses a comparative method, mentions riding a princess and laughing in the world of mortals, and then outlines the life picture of the emperor and his concubine, which is really the finishing touch. Du Mu's poems are rare masterpieces of its kind, but Gao 'an people said in the book "Don't Wave the Rhinoceros": Du Qing's poems, riding a princess and laughing in the world of mortals, no one knew it was litchi.
According to Ji Tang, the Ming emperor returned to the palace in 10, but never stayed in Lishan in June. Litchi ripens in summer, which means beauty but loses its truth.
Is Du Mu's poetry inaccurate or is it Cheng Peng's subjective assumption? This is a problem worthy of attention.
During the reign of Song Taizong, the music history of Yihuang people in Fuzhou was recorded in Biography of Yang Taizhen: 1 June 41day, which was the birthday of the imperial concubine. I ordered a small group of voices to play a new song in the Palace of Eternal Life, which was unknown. I import litchi because its name is lychee fragrance. Cheers move the valley from side to side.
Ye Tinggui, another scholar in the Song Dynasty, has a similar record in his Sea Breaking Record. It can be seen that it is true that Yang Guifei ate litchi in Huaqing Palace in June. Just because Sima Guang didn't say that Xuanzong went to Huaqing Palace in June in Zi Tong Zhi Ji Jian Tang, Cheng Peng decided that Du Mu's poems were inaccurate, which was unfair. What's more, Yang Guifei was written earlier than Zi Zhi Tong Jian, and it is true when it is near. Why did Tang Xuanzong sometimes choose to go to Huaqing Palace in June? This is related to the fact that June 1 day is Yang Guifei's birthday. Yang Taizhen's rumor also recorded that Yang Guifei did not eat litchi for the last time. In June of the 15th year of Tianbao, An Lushan captured Tongguan, and Emperor Tang Ming fled to Bashu with Yang Guifei. When he arrived at Mayiyi, General Chen was afraid of mutiny, blamed Yang for the Anshi Rebellion and incited soldiers to kill Yang, but the Sixth Army still failed to clear the way. When Emperor Taizong asked him why, Gao Lishi said: Yang Guifei is the sister of loyal monarch who serves the country. With her at your side, officials are worried about the imperial concubine's revenge in the future. Please judge her.
Wei E, Lu Si of Jing Zhao, went to Cambodia with Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, demanding that Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty give up what one favours very reluctantly for national peace and execute Yang Guifei. With tears in his eyes, Tang ordered Gao Lishi to die. Yang Guifei wept bitterly and said to Gao Lishi: As long as the Tang Dynasty is prosperous, I will die without regret, but I only want to die in the Buddhist country.
So Gao Lishi gave her a white silk, and Yang Guifei hanged herself at the age of 38 under the pear tree in front of the Buddhist temple. Shortly after the death of the imperial concubine, people from the south came to litchi.
Litchi's tribute is not from the Tang Dynasty, but from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Hong, a person in the Qing Dynasty, made textual research in the book "Poetry in the North of the Yangtze River": The book of the Later Han Dynasty and the book written by Ji Yunchang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, said: The old longan lychee was offered in one place in ten miles, and in one place in five miles, fighting for danger first, and the deceased followed the road. After reading the recitation, Emperor Wudi and Emperor Di corrected their mistakes and ordered the litchi to be forbidden to pay tribute. Tang Xuanzong not only did not learn from the lessons of his predecessors, but instead paid tribute to litchi, which led to the loss of life and the great loss of the reputation of the imperial court, which made Datang embark on the road of prosperity and decline.