How to recite Buddhist sutras correctly
I have published pictures of Dalagni's incantations, the merits and demerits of incantations, answers to netizens and other articles on the Internet, and the number of visits has gradually increased. Thank you for your support and help! I was going to publish a long article to explain my views on the curse, but now some netizens ask me questions, so I have to write an article to explain it first. Let's start from the past. In 2000, the book "The Extraordinary Merit of Reading the Diamond Sutra" was once approved by the great virtues of the Yi education circle, including the French and English masters. The old French-English mage is an expert in Fangshan Shijing research, Sanskrit and Pali of the Chinese Buddhist Association. After that, I often visit for advice. The Pharaoh was older than in ancient times. Every time I visit the old mage, I always see him as Siddhartha's character. Although the efficiency is not very high, the font library is gradually completed. Soon, due to computer problems, it was forced to format, and the established fonts and research results were destroyed. Pharaoh persevered, set out again and never stopped. I was moved by the spirit of the old mage He Dan Tathagata. Visiting Lao Wang in the summer of 200 1 year. As it happens, he just printed out "The Buddha Peak is the Best in Dalagni" (the Singaporean version), and after proofreading, he made a comparison among Sidan, Roman Pinyin and Chinese characters. Nice to meet me here. I'm just printing it out. Give it to me right away. My feelings cannot be expressed in words. After that, I began to learn Sanskrit, proofreading various versions of "Buddha is better than Dalagni", and lived up to the kindness of Pharaoh. I have two wishes: first, proofread the commonly used spells, mark the three-body comparison, and post them online. First, promote the study of Sanskrit, recite the mantra correctly, write articles, and do my bit. However, every time I feel a little bit overreached, I often want to stop. Now let's talk about how to say the spell correctly. What ordinary scholars want to learn refers to spells that are often recited. The evening recitation that four people often practice contains many mantras. Jin Huichang, a layman, said in the preface to "An Le Miao Bao": "There are more than three secrets (body and mind) when people recite scriptures. It is the snoring in the secret language that is not accurate. " Master Fa Ying, a Sanskrit expert, also said: "We waited for all walks of life to accumulate. In the end, not only the saints were invisible, but also the dharma blessed the mantra. Because of the abnormal pronunciation, no one could recite the Sanskrit mantra, so it was shelved and drowned the dust." He added: "An old guy like me cried and worshipped white people, but later he became a wise man and his phonology changed. If he studies hard, he can understand. If he recites in Sanskrit, he can influence future generations. The Mantra Sutra can last for a long time and indulge in love, which is good for the four Buddhas! " In the end, all living beings are blessed. Most modern spells are based on the official language at that time or the so-called Mandarin and Putonghua. The phonology has changed and the Sanskrit sound has faded. What a pain! Nowadays, most people read spells by looking them up in a dictionary to determine their pronunciation. However, after a long time, the Chinese characters translated by the ancients have been determined by the dictionary, so how can they be read accurately in today's ordinary pronunciation? Here's an example: for example, in "The Great Void Tibetan Bodhisattva recites the truth of Pufa's support", it says: Hum (below. ) gagana sam (below. ) bhava King Kong hoh (below. ) Sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry. Ri (Ri) Lu (ū) hu (Hu) regardless of ancient translation, reading and reciting should be based on Sanskrit, and today it is transliterated in Mandarin. It should be read like this: Omu Gaga (flat reading) Na San (exhaust consonant) Pawa Wajira (tongue pulling) Hu (drinking exhaust sound) may be opposed by some people, thinking that it is tampering with pronunciation; Then, please take a look at another version of the universal salvation mantra translated by Tang Sanzang in Yoga Collection: The Food in the Flame Mouth: Yao Yao Yao Yao Yao Yao Yao (two in one). According to this translation, the pronunciation of Chinese characters is now very close to Sanskrit. In this case, there is no need to argue. It should be pointed out that the Chinese characters translated by translators are based on the official language at that time, and if they are translated in dialects, they will not be accepted. Thousands of years later, great changes have taken place in language. If we read Chinese characters translated in the past few years with today's ordinary voice, we will not be able to read them correctly. Another example is the original Chinese character kξRTA in The Curse of the Past, which is translated into a dictionary of knowing more: knowing (ǐ) more (duū) better (qié or gā) Li (Li) can be pronounced as referring to more; . I translated it into Gneki Roda according to Sanskrit. (Luo-playing the tongue) Gneki Luo Fanqie is to spell the initials of Gneki Luo and the finals of Gneki Luo together, and pronounce it as G: ιιιιι. Rhoda is a continuous reader, so he should play with his tongue. Please see if there is a big difference. Another example is Wei Rockett in "Dabao Guangting Good Secret Dalagni". The original translation into Chinese is mouth+mouth of Lv Zhiruo's dictionary (pó)+ phonetic symbol of Lv's Chinese dictionary lū reading Lv Pingsheng; Or read the building), know (zhǐ), and land (dρ), it will be read as a low finger. I translated it into Lou Wei and Dai Yi in Sanskrit. The translation of "An Le Miao Bao" is Vero Cut. If you look it up in the dictionary, the original translation of the mantra is: Ye (yǔ) can be pronounced as Ye, but the pronunciation of Ye is far from that of Sanskrit gū. After investigation, the torch in the Mantra of Muli Datura was made into a torch: it was cut by Lu, and Gu Le Niange met it. Acyl: "Guang Yun" calls for cutting chicken, and the ancient pronunciation reads H: and. Gu Ye made the sound of teeth. Gathering a leaf reads like Sanskrit. According to Sanskrit, I translated the words "solitary drinking according to teeth" and "drinking according to sounds" H: and "H:" and marked them with anti-syncopation. "An Le Miao Bao" is translated as "Why is it elegant". Dhvikānām (below) of Dalagni. ) Buddha said that the Great Wheel King Kong always holds the pronunciation of Dalagni Sutra translated into "zhuǐ weǐ qié nán". I translated it into Sanskrit dha, that is, Tewei Dha, which is generally translated into Tuo or Tuo (Guangyun, go to the river to cut) and the method of practice and support of the Great Wheel King Kong. The word "land" was written in ancient times, but the word "drop" in "Dalagni" was wrongly written. Guang Yun is divided into four parts, and the pinyin should be t √. Yoga Collection is called Yan Kou Shi Yi. The dimension of "happiness and treasure" is hard to mention. Translators really have their own merits. Most Chinese translations are in Sanskrit. Dh: I'm afraid there is some misunderstanding about why I translated it into a special and local pronunciation brother. I saw someone translate dhvi into Twitter on the Internet, and there was nothing wrong with it. For the time being, if anyone is interested in this, we can discuss it slowly in the future. Let's talk about how to pronounce the spell correctly. In the first case, if you know Sanskrit, you can read it directly according to Siddhartha's pronunciation; Never mind how to read Chinese characters, just read on carefully. In the second case, if you don't know Siddhartha's handwriting, but you know Roman Pinyin, you don't have to worry about how to read it. Please read it carefully. In the third case, Si Dan's characters and Roman Pinyin are unknown, so he can only read and recite according to Chinese characters. There are several different situations as follows: 1. It is said that the pronunciation of today's Cantonese or Heluo dialect or other local dialects is similar to that of the original translated Chinese characters, so we should read and recite them according to the similar pronunciation. Because I am ignorant and have not studied local dialects, it is difficult for me to give an exact opinion. 2. Except for the first case, never recite the Chinese characters in the mantra in the local dialect (including Beijing dialect). China is a vast country with different dialects, and some provinces have many dialects and do not understand each other. The pronunciation of a Chinese character is very different. Sometimes even if you speak Mandarin, you will still have a dialect accent, so you can't say spells in dialect. 3. In order to facilitate reading and reciting in Sanskrit, we should translate and recite in Sanskrit from the newly used ordinary pronunciation. The pronunciation of many words in ancient times has changed greatly compared with today's ordinary pronunciation. For example, the four-character ancient rhyme book is marked as fun and convenience, and it is marked as H in today's Chinese Pinyin. Today, the word Shu is pronounced as X or misread as S, while the ancient sound is H. Read J today, G today or leave today. Wild today read yě ancient read yā. Of course, today's dialects are also like archaic sounds. If you can't solve it yourself, you can only learn from other people's translations. It is said that some Sanskrit masters can translate Sanskrit into Chinese and Chinese into Brahma, but he never spells others, just because he is worried about his dialect habits and misses others. It seems that it is really difficult to recite spells according to ancient Chinese characters. In modern times, the official language gradually changed to northern language. Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and even modern times, most of them recited sutras in northern dialects, or so-called national languages and putonghua, in order to spread wrong words, which was difficult to return for a long time. Therefore, Master Fa Ying, a Sanskrit expert, advocates chanting incantations in Sanskrit, disapproves of chanting incantations in dialects, and disapproves of marking incantations in Chinese Pinyin. He thinks it's ok to use anti-syncopation. My views above are not necessarily correct. Please correct me. I hope more people will participate in the discussion and recite the mantra correctly, so as to revitalize the study of Sanskrit. "A few walkers can do whatever they want by holding the orb and practicing according to law." Note: are you spelling? It is under m and h, but it can't be displayed.