Besides practical value, lotus is the most commonly used plant. As a symbol of religion and philosophy, it once represented sacredness, feminine beauty and purity, resurrection, elegance and the sun. The gentleman in the flower symbolizes an ideal personality of the lotus in China traditional culture: "The mud is not stained, the ripples are clear and there is no demon". The symbol of honesty: those who cover "violets" homonym "honesty". Symbol of love: cover lotus, alias hibiscus, or hibiscus. "hibiscus" and "hibiscus" are also. Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow says, "Petals are like her face, and willow leaves are like her eyebrows". Therefore, lotus is often used to symbolize love, especially ice love. Two lotus seeds give birth to a picture of lotus root, which is called "concentric lotus seeds" The word "Rong" in Water Lotus is homophonic with "Rong". Lotus and peony flowers together, called "splendor", lotus and crane together, called "glory all the way". Peony, lotus and Pulsatilla are called "rich and white heads". Lotus can also be homophonic "lotus". Lotus and lotus seeds are called "lotus-born cinnamon". Symbolizes purity, purity. There are lotus seats and lotus platforms in Buddhism. Many bodhisattvas in Buddhism were born from lotus flowers. An ancient Hindu poet described his lover in ancient Sanskrit: "Your eyes are like lotus buds, your hands are like lotus flowers, like lotus roots." In the myth of Brahmanism, it is said that the God of Creation appeared from the lotus born in Vishnu's navel when he entered the country. The Birol people who live in the middle of the Indian subcontinent have a similar statement when explaining the origin of the world: "At first, there was water all over the world, and the lotus came out of the water. At that time, the giant god lived in the underworld and came out into the water through the lotus stem, taking the lotus as the seat. " The earliest known works of art related to lotus are also the combination of lotus and God. It is a naked goddess with a lotus flower on her head. It was unearthed in the Ganges valley of India and is a relic of 3000 BC. The record of the Indian lotus goddess in the literature was first found in the Vedic literature in India, saying that the lotus god was born in the lotus, stood on the lotus and wore a lotus wreath. After the advent of Buddhism, Buddhists also adopted lotus as the main symbol of Buddhism. It is said that after the birth of Prince Siddhartha, who later became a Buddha, he immediately took seven steps to the ground and gave birth to lotus seeds step by step. So the lotus became the symbol of his birth. Since the first century AD, Buddha statues have often sat on the lotus platform. His sitting posture, either lotus or auspicious, has become a typical sitting posture of Buddhist monks in meditation. According to the explanation of the Great Sun Sutra, "the left foot is the upper right first, and the right foot is the upper left, which is called lotus sitting; One foot on the right is called auspicious sitting. "Buddhists believe that lotus can reflect the level of practice, and that a monk sincerely recites Buddha, then a lotus will be born in the Qibaochi in the west. If he is diligent, his flowers will grow bigger and bigger; if he is lazy, his flowers will wither. I also believe: "People in the heavens, even those who fly and climb, who go to live in the Amitabha Buddhist Temple, were born in the Lotus in Qibaochi. "Lotus has spread to every corner of Asia with Buddhism. Pictures of lotus flowers can be seen in the Brahmaputra Buddhist altar in Java, Burj ancient city in Myanmar, temples in Sukhothai and Angkor Wat in Thailand, bell tower in Sri Lanka, Burial Blue in Bali and symbol of Tibet. In the famous six-character mantra of Tibetan Buddhism and Lamaism, "Hey, it's beautiful. "Lotus has a profound cultural origin in China. After Buddhism was established as the state religion in the Tang Dynasty, lotus was deeply loved by people. The hometown of Buddha Sakyamuni is rich in lotus, so Buddhism often refers to the lotus itself. " "Compendium of Materia Medica" contains: "The use of application is cited as an example, and all the wonderful principles exist. "Buddhism also refers to the place where the lotus lives. Also known as "Lotus World". Buddhist scriptures are called "Lotus Sutra", Buddhists are called "Lotus Platform" or "Lotus Platform", Buddhist temples are called "Lotus Room", temples are called "Lotus Clothes" and so on. Lotus design has also become a symbol of Buddhism. Buddhist buildings, decorations and utensils also have lotus patterns. Lotus is one of the four auspicious flowers in Buddhism, one of the eight treasures and one of the nine symbols of Buddhism. Buddha Sakyamuni sits on the lotus throne in Daxiong Hall, with kind eyes and drooping lotus eyes. Amitabha, the head of the "Three Sages of the West", and Avalokitesvara, the compassionate bodhisattva, also sat on the lotus. Some of the other bodhisattvas hold lotus flowers, some step on them, or make lotus gestures, or throw lotus flowers (such as heavenly daughters) to the world. Temple walls, algae wells, railings, sacred tents, tables, sachets and worship mats are also carved, painted or sewn with various lotus patterns everywhere. It can be seen how close the relationship between lotus and Buddhism is. There is also a wonderful story of "Mrs. Lotus" in Buddhist scriptures. A deer gave birth to a beautiful woman, and the fairy raised her. Wherever she goes, the lotus will grow. This is the origin of the word "step by step lotus". People now use it to describe China's brilliant literary significance and symbol. The deepest relationship between lotus and culture is China. In China, Lotus is regarded as a gentleman. Since ancient times, our people have loved this plant and thought it is a symbol of noble character, so the poet praised it as "lotus in mud, not in tune with mud." In China literature, there are countless poems and songs related to lotus flowers. Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus connects Lotus with various types of characters. " Chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. ",far-reaching." "Qunfangpu" said, "Everything comes first, and then there is, only this China is born together. A hundred knots are sparse, exquisite, graceful and gorgeous, and the mud is not stained, and the gentleman in the flower is also. "Later," Compendium of Materia Medica "said:" Fu Lian pollutes white; The south is soft with rigidity, and the bottom is introverted. Fine holes, implicit yarn, born in tender and weak, hair for stem and leaf flowers; Revive the bud and continue the pulse of life. It is edible at four o'clock, which makes people feel happy. It can be said that it is a spiritual root! "Beihai Park near the Forbidden City in Beijing was originally a royal garden. There is an artificial lake in the park. Most of the lake is covered with lotus leaves. Sometimes the lotus leaf is nearly two meters from the water surface, with thousands of elegant and fragrant flowers. You can sail under the lotus leaf. In folk customs, there are many words related to lotus in China. One flower and two flowers in the lotus is called love in the third place, which means that men and women are in harmony and husband and wife love each other. There are often "two-winged birds live forever and evergreen trees, spend a long time to save their homes" and so on. Another example is a broken heart knot, which means that although men and women broke up, their feelings are still there. Lotus homophones are "clean" and "clean" (life), and folk customs have homophones such as "one product is clean" and "Lian Zi is born". Another example is the golden lotus. It is said that in the 5th century A.D., Nanqi was in a daze, waiting for "cutting gold to attach the land to the lotus, so that Pan Fei could walk on it" and said, "This Shenglian Bu! "Therefore, later generations called the step of beauty lotus, and the foot of a woman lotus. Lotus in Japanese folklore, but the folk culture of some countries and regions is different, which can not be ignored. Japanese folklore, for example, doesn't think that lotus is so chaste as "getting out of the mud and not getting stained", but regards lotus as a "humble" flower. The Japanese mainly associate lotus with death and ghost world. The typical method of Japanese flower arrangement is to use semi-withered lotus leaves and lotus buds, newly opened lotus leaves and lotus buds, and unopened lotus leaves and lotus buds to represent the past, present and future respectively. Political Significance Chinese excellent traditional culture has always attached great importance to advocating peace and harmony. The most representative words in this respect are Confucius' two sentences. One is "harmony but difference"; One is "harmony is precious". The "harmony" in China culture is by no means a reconciliation that does not emphasize differences and contradictions. It refers to the integration of differences and diversity. This kind of integration is the most valuable. There are 56 ethnic groups and 34 administrative regions in China, and there are differences and contradictions among ethnic groups. In the face of such differences and contradictions, it is most valuable to always adhere to national unity and the reunification of the motherland and adhere to this "harmony" stance. Abandoning this position of "harmony" means abandoning the excellent traditional Chinese culture. China people have always believed that "harmony" is the principle to solve conflicts between countries, and advocated "one world under one roof". The harmony between countries shows the fine peace-loving tradition of the Chinese nation and is an important embodiment of the idea of "noble harmony" in China's traditional culture at the national, ethnic and cultural levels. "Harmony of nations" embodies the political ideas and moral norms of ancient sages, and is a national culture and spirit, which promotes the great integration of the Chinese nation and the establishment and prosperity of a unified country. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward the task of mobilizing all positive factors most extensively and fully, and constantly improving the ability to build a harmonious socialist society. Carrying forward the "harmony" thought of the Chinese nation is of great theoretical and practical significance for us to integrate social forces, coordinate the interests of all parties, reduce social contradictions, maintain social stability, consolidate the party's ruling position and promote economic development and social progress. On the one hand, the idea of "noble harmony" can make money, "harmony" can lead to auspiciousness, and "harmony" can gather strength. On the conceptual level, "harmony" means the recognition and tolerance of different opinions; On the level of social structure, "harmony" refers to the establishment of harmonious social communication between different individuals and groups. Therefore, "noble harmony" is to seek common ground while reserving differences in the unity of opposites and interdependence of many factors on the premise of acknowledging the original contradictions and necessary struggles of things, so as to resolve contradictions, so as to seek common ground instead of differences on the basis of "reserving differences", achieve overall balance and harmony, and then select the best and eliminate them, thus promoting the emergence and development of new things. On the other hand, the idea of "noble harmony" is not exclusive, and "harmony" is not afraid of evil. Emphasizing "harmony" does not mean timid and unprincipled concessions and compromises. Under the new historical conditions, carrying forward the concept of "harmony is the most important" is conducive to coordinating the interests of all parties, properly handling the interests of different classes and aspects, improving the ability to properly handle contradictions among the people under the new situation, guiding the people to express their interests in a reasonable and legal way, resolving conflicts of interest, maintaining stability and unity, and striving to build a harmonious socialist society, thus promoting the construction of social material, spiritual and political civilization. To carry forward the concept of "harmony" and build a harmonious socialist society, we must correctly handle the relationship between democratic political construction and economic development, development and stability, efficiency and fairness. Because "lotus" is homophonic with "harmony" and "lotus" is homophonic with "Lian" and "Lian", in China traditional culture, lotus is often regarded as a symbol of peace, harmony, cooperation, resultant force, unity and unity. The nobility of lotus symbolizes the cause of peace and the nobility of a harmonious world. Therefore, in a sense, rewarding the lotus is also a promotion of China's "harmony" culture. Lotus varieties are rich and colorful, which means "harmony but difference", but together they form a noble lotus world, which means "harmony but difference is more precious". I sincerely hope that in the process of promoting the culture of peace and harmony, the lotus culture can be understood and familiar by more people. Carrying forward Chinese "harmony" culture is of special significance for us to promote the reunification of the motherland, safeguard world peace and build a harmonious society.