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Basic information
gingkgo
hibiscus
Another name
Grass hibiscus, big flower okra
Binomial nomenclature/system
hibiscus
boundary
plant kingdom
The branch of academic or vocational research.
malvaceae
belong to
hibiscus
Distribution area
Native to North America
catalogue
Basic information of 1
2 morphological characteristics
3 growth habits
4 reproduction and culture
5 Value and use
6 nutritional analysis
7 Suitable for people
8 eat hibiscus sunflower pods 5 the most.
9 recipes for hibiscus sunflower pods
launch
Basic information of 1
2 morphological characteristics
3 growth habits
4 reproduction and culture
5 Value and use
6 nutritional analysis
7 Suitable for people
8 eat hibiscus sunflower pods 5 the most.
9 recipes for hibiscus sunflower pods
1 Basic data editing section
Plant Name: Hibiscus
Alias: Okra, Piggy Bean, Coffee Huang Kui, Solanum nigrum.
Scientific name: Hibiscus grandiflora \ Hibiscus hibiscus \
Latin name: Hibiscus
Family name: Malvaceae
Genus name: Hibiscus.
Adaptation areas: North China and East China
Ecological classification: herbaceous plants-perennial flowers
Ornamental classification: flower viewing
Native to North America, it is a perennial herb. Like sunshine, slightly tolerant of shade, suitable for warm and humid climate, avoid drought, resist water and humidity, and thrive in fertile sandy loam near the water. Flowering from June to August.
2 morphological characteristics edit this paragraph
Plant height 1-2m, deciduous and shrubby. The leaves are large and broadly ovate, and the petiole and the back of the leaves are densely covered with gray stellate hairs. Flowers are large, solitary in the axils of leaves, with a diameter of 20 cm, and the colors are white, pink, red and purple. In winter, the ground partially withered, and in the second year, new branches sprouted and blossomed that year. The annual hibiscus sunflower, except the main stem, mostly blooms on each side branch, and the inflorescence is a raceme, and the flowers remain open from bottom to top. A single flowering period is one day, but an inflorescence can bloom continuously for 20-25 days, and a lush inflorescence can bloom for more than 30 days. After the completion of an inflorescence, the lateral buds on the lower side germinate continuously, and after the inflorescence is formed at the top, it can still bloom until the end of June at 5438+1early October, and the flowering period is over. For plants over two years old, adventitious buds germinate from roots. Generally, 3-5 branches can be sent every two years, 5-7 branches can be sent every three years, 10 or more. When there are too many sprouting branches, the single branch becomes weak, and some of them lose the ability to form flower buds due to excessive shading in the later stage of sprouting branches. For more than two years, the canopy diameter per plant can reach 60 cm. Hibiscus hibiscus is a long-day plant that likes light, and it can't form flower buds under short-day conditions.
3 growing habits edit this paragraph
Cold, heat, humidity and salt tolerance. In winter in the north, pile soil or dig greenhouses for the winter. Central China overwinters with perennial roots. Propagation can be carried out by sowing, cutting, dividing plants and layering. Commonly used cutting method. In the growing period, take semi-lignified branches and insert them into wet sandy loam to take root for about one month. The germination potential and growth potential are very strong, the flowering period is long, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be supplemented during the growing period.
Okra. The root system is developed straight, and the root depth is more than1m. The main stem is erect, 1 ~ 2.5m high, 5cm thick, red and green, cylindrical, with short basal internodes and lateral branches, and no lateral branches occur from flowering nodes; Leaves palmately 5-lobed, alternate, with hairs or bristles on the leaves and slender and hollow petioles; Flowers are large and yellow, born in leaf axils; Okra is a kind of capsule with a sharp top and a slightly curved top, which looks like the horn of a bull's horn. Fruit length 10 ~ 25 cm, transverse diameter 1.9 ~ 3.6 cm. There are two kinds of tender okra fruits: green and purple. The surface of the fruit is covered with fine white fluff, and the fruit is lignified and inedible when it is ripe. The seeds of okra are spherical, the size of mung beans, light black, thick skin and fine fur. Like warm and strong light, strong heat resistance and frost resistance. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 25 ~ 30℃, and the optimum temperature for seed growth is 25 ~ 28℃. Drought, humidity and waterlogging tolerance; The requirements for soil are not strict, and it grows well on loam with good drainage and bears many fruits.
Hibiscus hibiscus is a perennial herb with well-developed straight roots, reaching 50-60 cm deep. The vertical roots of transplanted seedlings are easy to be injured, and the horizontal roots grow vigorously, and the root length can reach about 1 m. There are few fibrous roots and lateral roots, and the roots are light brown and fragile. Branches are semi-woody herbs. The plant height of different varieties is 50- 100 cm.
The epidermis of branches is smooth, the flowers are dark, the new shoots of branches are purple, and the light-colored varieties are green and slightly covered with white powder. Strong branching ability, under the condition of good ventilation and light transmission, almost all leaf buds can germinate into lateral branches. Simple leaves alternate, leaf order is 2/9, leaf tip is elliptic, and leaf margin is obtuse and serrated. The petiole is long and the leaf surface is smooth. The new leaves are shiny and the old leaves are rough. The back of the leaves is not fluffy and dull, and the veins are thick and obvious. Veins on the surface of leaves are concave, while veins on the back of leaves are convex, which is the same as tender tips. The veins on the tender leaves of dark flowers are partly purplish red, and the rest are white. The flowers are particularly large, and the corolla diameter of each variety is between 25-30 cm. In late autumn or when the growth potential of plants with many flowers is weak, the flower diameter is about 20 cm. Bright colors, such as deep purple, pink, light pink, white, etc. Filaments are slender, and the base is combined into stamen column, which is combined with the base of petals. For one-year-old seedlings, the flowering period is August-1October, and for plants over two years, the flowering period is July-1October. Capsule has 40-60 seeds per fruit. The seeds are round and brown, and the seed coat is easy to crack, with a diameter of 0.2 cm. Hibiscus has strong adaptability, cold tolerance and drought tolerance, and can survive the winter well under humid conditions. It grows well in Yingkou in the north and Shanghai in the south. Extremely resistant to high temperature and exposure, it blooms vigorously under the scorching sun of 36℃ in Beijing, and it is a promising perennial flower in the midsummer of Beijing.
Furong is not strict with soil. But loose sandy loam is better. Too alkaline soil is prone to iron deficiency. The requirement for soil fertility level is not high, and it can still grow and bloom normally without applying any base fertilizer or topdressing on the newly padded land for three years.
4 breeding editor this paragraph
Hibiscus was sown in the open field in early April, and germinated at 20-25℃ for 3-5 days after sowing. After 10, it was transplanted and planted in the flat border, and it blossomed in the first half of August of that year. Until the beginning of 1 1 month, the aboveground part of the plant froze to death, and there were still residual buds.
One-year-old hibiscus sunflower seedlings can safely overwinter under extensive management conditions, but the lateral roots of the one-year-old hibiscus sunflower seedlings are damaged by freezing, and some of them are frozen and necrotic.
hibiscus
Black spots with a diameter of two to three millimeters do not affect the growth and flowering in winter and the next year. Overwintering perennial roots began to germinate in the roots in early April of the following year and began to be unearthed in late April. They spread their leaves from the end of April to the beginning of May, and began to grow rapidly in mid-May, budding in mid-June and flowering in early July. Plants with more than two years bloom continuously from early July to mid-June 10, but there can be three flowering peaks in terms of flower quantity. The first time starts from the beginning of July and lasts for 15 to 20 days, with the main stem flowers as the main ones, and then the amount of flowers will be reduced appropriately. The second flowering peak appeared in mid-August, and the second flowering peak was dominated by secondary flowers, and there was no significant difference between the flower quality and the main flower. This peak can last for one to five days, and then the third flowering peak appears in mid-September, but the amount of flowers is less than the first two, mainly secondary flowers, which continue to bloom from mid-late June to June 10, but it is not the peak.
Pruning should be done in time after each flowering, and the empty branches and seeds formed after the last flowering should be cut off to increase the flower quantity of the next flowering peak, especially after the second peak, so as to ensure the quantity and quality of the next flowering. If it is allowed to grow naturally, the amount of flowers in the later period will also decrease accordingly.
Plants that are more than 2 years old have developed root growth, so there is no frost damage during wintering. Plants that germinate for more than 3 years should be divided into plants with a row spacing of 60 cm. Otherwise, the branches and leaves are too dense, the flowering period is reduced, and it is easy to lodging in case of wind and rain.
5 value and use to edit this paragraph.
Edible
hibiscus
Hibiscus has become a high-grade nutritional and health-care vegetable sought after by people, which is popular all over the world. Its edible part is pod, which is divided into green and red. Crisp, tender and juicy, smooth but not greasy, with unique fragrance, it is favored by the people. In recent years, it has become a popular vegetable in Japan, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and western countries, and the first choice for athletes in many African countries, and it is also a health food for the elderly. Seeds can be used to extract oil. Hibiscus oil is a kind of high-grade vegetable oil, which is far more nutritious and fragrant than sesame oil and peanut oil. Hibiscus hibiscus is a low-energy food and one of the good diet foods. Landscape use
As an ornamental flower border plant, it should be planted on river slopes, pools and ditches, and it is an important flower in summer.
6 Nutrition Analysis Edit this paragraph
Introduction of raw materials
Hibiscus, also known as pig excrement beans, coffee Huang Kui and black nightshade, has become a high-grade nutritional and health-care vegetable sought after by people and is popular all over the world. Its edible part is pod, which is divided into green and red. Crisp, tender and juicy, smooth but not greasy, with unique fragrance, it is favored by the people. Originated in Africa, it was introduced to China from India in the early 20th century. In recent years, it has become a popular vegetable in Japan, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and western countries. In many African countries, it has become the first choice for athletes and health food for the elderly. Hibiscus seeds can be used to extract oil, which is a kind of high-grade vegetable oil, and its nutrients and fragrance far exceed sesame oil and peanut oil.
hibiscus
Nutritional analysis
Hibiscus contains pectin, milk polysaccharide and so on, which has the effects of helping digestion, treating gastritis and gastric ulcer, and protecting skin and gastric mucosa. It is known as one of the best health-care vegetables for human beings.
It contains various nutrients such as iron, calcium and sugar, and has the function of preventing anemia. The mucin secreted by it can protect the stomach wall, promote the secretion of gastric juice, stimulate appetite and improve indigestion. Contains vitamin A, which is beneficial to retina health and vision maintenance.
For young adults and athletes, okra can eliminate fatigue and restore physical strength quickly. At the same time, the tender fruit of okra contains viscous liquid, arabinan, galactan, rhamnose, protein, calcium oxalate and so on. Can help digestion, enhance physical strength, protect the liver, strengthen the stomach and regulate the intestines.
Abelmoschus esculentus contains special ingredients with medicinal effects, which can tonify kidney and deficiency, and has an auxiliary treatment effect on male organic diseases. It is a suitable nutritious and healthy vegetable and enjoys the reputation of "Plant Viagra".
In addition, because okra is rich in trace elements such as zinc and selenium, it can enhance the anti-cancer effect of human body. In addition, it is rich in vitamin C and soluble fiber, which not only has a health care effect on the skin, but also makes the skin white and tender. Every 100g of okra contains the following nutrients:
Heat (37.00 kcal) protein (2.00 g)
Fat (0 0. 10/0g) and carbohydrate (11.00g).
Dietary fiber (3.90g) and vitamin A (52.00g)
Carotene (3 10.00 μ g) Thiamine (0.05 mg)
Riboflavin (0.09 mg) nicotinic acid (1.00 mg)
Vitamin C(4.00 mg) and vitamin E( 1.03 mg)
Calcium (45.00 mg) and phosphorus (65.00 mg)
Sodium (3.90 mg) and magnesium (29.00 mg)
Iron (0. 10 mg) zinc (0.23 mg)
Selenium (0.5 1 μ g) and copper (0.07 mg)
Manganese (0.28 mg) and potassium (95.00 mg)
Suitable for people to edit this paragraph.
hibiscus
Suitable for 8 groups of people:. It is suitable for gastritis, cancer, gastric ulcer, anemia and dyspepsia, especially for young adults, athletes and men and women who care for skin.
(1) Impotence and premature ejaculation population:
It is rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin A, and calcium and phosphorus are powerful partners in human body. Protein can make blood circulation smoother, and male erectile strength is directly related to blood circulation. Vitamin A is closely related to the quantity and quality of sperm. In addition, the unique mucus of hibiscus flowers is also a mystery that people have not solved for a long time.
(2) Patients with kidney deficiency and other kidney diseases:
Because of the above related effects, okra is also suitable for this group of people.
(3) slimming family:
Hibiscus hibiscus is also an absolute diet food, with high protein, high nutrition, low fat, low calorie and no cholesterol, and it can satisfy appetite. Of course, it can get a "pass". Pectin in its mucus can also reduce the body's absorption of fat and cholesterol in other foods and help the body eliminate toxins.
It may be a vegetable that everyone is not familiar with. It originated in Africa and may be more common in Indian food and the Middle East. Hibiscus is also called croissant. Cut it open and you will find white seeds and mucus in it. This mucin is good for the stomach because it can help digestion. Moreover, hibiscus flowers are high in fiber and protein is also high, and there are many vitamins and trace elements. For women, vitamin C and soluble fiber in hibiscus flowers not only have health care effects on the skin, but also have whitening effects. It is also particularly good for men, because it has the effect of eliminating fatigue and strengthening the body. Some people even call it "Plant Viagra". (4) followers with beautiful skin:
hibiscus
A large amount of vitamin C contained in hibiscus pods is very beneficial to the skin. Vitamin C is necessary for human body to synthesize collagen. Collagen can maintain the luster and elasticity of skin, enhance the elasticity of blood vessels and reduce the brittleness of blood vessels. To know that blood vessels are "young", people are born with anti-aging.
(5) People with gastric ulcer, gastritis or poor gastrointestinal function:
The mucus of hibiscus pods contains many nutrients such as glycoprotein, pectin, milk polysaccharide and Arabic gum, which can help digestion, stabilize the intestinal membrane allergic to stimulation, treat gastritis and gastric ulcer, and protect the skin and gastric mucosa.
(6) Sub-health and fatigue:
The contents of protein, vitamins and minerals in hibiscus flower pods are higher than those in ordinary vegetables, which can quickly eliminate fatigue and restore physical strength, especially beneficial to young adults and athletes.
(7) People with joint problems:
It is also related to its mucus and rich sodium, and has a therapeutic effect on joint stiffness.
(8) skin sores:
The flowers, seeds and roots of hibiscus can be used as medicine to treat malignant sores. However, okra is a kind of vegetable with a cold taste, so people with stomach deficiency, poor function and frequent diarrhea should not eat more.
There are many kinds of okra seeds in Five Blessingg, Taiwan Province, but several kinds of okra seeds in Five Blessingg, Taiwan Province have the best quality and the highest yield.
The plants in Five Blessingg, Taiwan Province, are of medium height (about 65,438+0.20 cm), with no or few bifurcations. Starting from the third section, one fruit is set at each node, which is suitable for close planting and has excellent yield. Reasonable close planting has the potential to increase production. We plant more than 2000 plants per mu, with a general row spacing of 40 cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm. The output is generally around 2000-3000 kg.
Okra in Five Blessingg, Taiwan Province, has a straight root system and a well-developed stem. The requirements for soil are not strict, and black soil, sandy loam and red clay can all adapt to the pH value. Sufficient water and fertilizer can grow to two meters. At seedling stage, there are hairs on hypocotyls, which fade after lignification, the stems are green, the basal internodes are short, there are often lateral branches between leaf axils, and the upper internodes are long without lateral branches. Leaves alternate, palmately divided, with irregular teeth at the edge of lobes, slender and hollow petiole, large leaves at the lower part of main stem and gradual upper part? Male and female flowers, single, light yellow, deep purple in the center. The flowering and fruiting of the plant are delayed from bottom to top, and the fruit is capsule-shaped, with five edges and gradually tapering at the top.
8 eat hibiscus sunflower pods 5 edit this paragraph most
Suitable storage temperature: 7℃- 10℃.
It can be stored at 7℃- 10℃ for 10 days. At higher temperature, okra will lead to rapid aging, yellowing and corruption of tissues due to accelerated breathing. The temperature will be below 7℃
hibiscus
Cold damage, that is, surface discoloration, spots and corruption. If crushed ice is directly sprinkled on okra, water stains will appear within 2 or 3 days.
A more suitable storage method: independent packaging.
Because okra is easy to be scratched, it will turn black soon after being scratched, so whether it is selected or stored, it should be taken and placed separately and cannot be squeezed. It is best to put it in a fresh-keeping bag before putting it in the refrigerator, and try to lay it flat.
Applicable utensils: aluminum, stainless steel, enamel utensils.
Avoid cooking or dressing with copper or iron utensils, you will see that okra will soon change color. Although it is harmless to human body, its taste will be discounted and it is not beautiful.
A more suitable cutting method: whole or half cutting.
Hibiscus pod is a kind of nutritious vegetable, especially the seeds and gum in it have unique health care effects, so the most nutritious way to eat it is to cook the whole plant. If it is too big, it can only be cut in half at most, with a knife sideways or cut into sections. Never cut thin slices or silk.
Suitable cooking methods: frying, frying and stewing.
Cooking, for vegetables with rich crops, we have always advocated quick frying with fire and changing color. Because they are fresh and tender, many seasonings don't have to be let go, and even salt is put before cooking. Stir-fried or with shrimp is good.
Don't directly oil the fried and nutritious things, then fry them with egg liquid, corn flour or sliced meat and bacon, which will not only destroy the inside, but also make the outside tender and tender, and the fragrance of the things wrapped outside will also enter the hibiscus flower pods.
For stewing, it is more appropriate to stew soup with meat and seafood. At this time, it is more appropriate to cut okra in half, so that the nutrition of okra can be stewed into the soup and the taste can also penetrate into the main ingredients.
Five tricks for picking hibiscus flowers and pods
1, look at the length: than the middle finger.
Because basically, the smaller the pod, the more tender it is. Generally, flowers are picked 3-5 days after withering, and they lose their edible value if they are too late. The length of 5- 10 cm is the best (the middle finger is generally about 8 cm long as a reference), and the longer okra is only suitable for seed retention.
2, pinch soft and hard: gently pinch by hand, feel not stiff, a little toughness is better.
hibiscus
Unlike cucumbers, hibiscus pods are harder and fresher. On the contrary, the harder and older the okra, the seeds inside have become stiff and stagnant, and there are too many fibers in the meat, which completely loses its unique fragrance and fresh texture.
3, check the surface: full and bright, hairy on the ridge.
Fresh things are always full, and so is okra. The surface should be smooth, without wrinkles, spots and scars. See if the color is symmetrical and bright. The common hibiscus pods are green, the natural bright green is the best, and the ones with a little light yellow are tender, which is our first choice. If the surface is wrinkled or faded, it is not fresh. And dark hair is getting old. There is a layer of fine hair on the surface of hibiscus pod, which is also a sign of its freshness. It would be better if the hair on each ridge was there, which means it has not been squeezed.
4, smell: incense.
Fresh okra has a natural fragrance, just like you can smell grass when it rains. Old and stale okra will lack fragrance.
5. Pai: It will be broken manually.
This method has never been easy for melons and fruits-the most fresh is the broken and juicy ones with a slight nail stroke.
9 hibiscus pod recipe editor this paragraph
manufacture order
Hibiscus pods can be cold-mixed, fried, fried and stewed to make salads and soups. Before cold mixing and frying, they must be scalded in boiling water for three to five minutes to remove astringency. Hibiscus hibiscus
Fried sunflower pods with tomato
The best and simplest way to eat sunflower pods is to fry them with tomatoes, which can naturally cover up the faint astringency of okra itself. Moreover, in addition to the healthy nutrition of okra, tomatoes rich in vitamin C, strong antioxidant capacity, helping digestion and accelerating metabolism are good dishes that girls will like (will definitely like) and men will definitely want to eat. Similarly, you don't need fresh tomatoes, you can make them quickly with ketchup. Of course, okra can also be cold, stewed and fried with bread crumbs; But if it's cold, it's best to blanch it first to remove the astringency. Fried with batter tastes good.
hibiscus
Raw materials:
20 hibiscus pods, 2 small tomatoes (or 1 large one), 1 tbsp olive oil (or other vegetable oil), a little salt and garlic.
Exercise:
1, cut off the tail of okra (just like the end of a small hat), and then cut it into pieces obliquely; Cut tomatoes into small pieces;
2. Heat the oil on medium heat, add half garlic, add okra and tomatoes after fragrance, and stir fry on medium and small heat;
3. Stir-fry for 2 or 3 minutes, then add the salt and the remaining garlic (if the tomato is the kind with less water, you can add a little water during the frying process), and the okra can be cooked when it is soft.
Calories and nutrition:
Each piece 100g hibiscus pod
30 calories carbohydrate 7.6 grams fiber 3.2 grams protein 2 grams vitamin C2 1 mg calcium 75 mg magnesium 56 mg potassium 303 mg.
The ingredients of Furong Kwai Haima Decoction are: Furong Kwai pod 10, Haima 5, lean meat 2 liang, and 4 red dates.
Seasoning: cooking wine, salt, ginger 1 piece.
Methods: 1, clean lean meat and cut into pieces, blanch it with boiling water to remove blood; The hippocampus is also boiled with boiling water to remove the fishy smell. 2. Wash hibiscus pods and cut them into two sections obliquely; Jujube is pitted. 3, casserole seat water, after opening, add okra, hippocampus, lean meat, red dates, ginger slices. 4, nine mature (a few minutes before the flameout) put cooking wine. Salt until cooked.
hibiscus
Baked hibiscus pod
Ingredients: 6 hibiscus pods, bacon 1 bag.
Seasoning: custard powder, spices (pepper and cumin powder can also be used instead).
Methods: 1. First, cut the tin foil into a rectangle. 2. Take 1 piece of cut foil paper, face down, spread the bacon flat on it (if the width of the bacon is not enough, you can use 2 pieces), put 1 piece of hibiscus flower pod on the bacon, and roll it into a salty tube. 3. Spread custard powder evenly on the rolled bacon roll and sprinkle some spices. 4. Roll the tin foil paper like a candy bag, tighten both ends and try to squeeze out the air. 5. Roll 5 more in the same way. 6. After the oven is set to 170 degrees Celsius for preheating 10 minute, put 6 tin foil packets in the oven for baking 10 minute. 7. When it gets a little cold, take it out and open the foil. Put hibiscus pods on the plate. The soup wrapped in tin foil is delicious. Don't throw it away. Drink it directly or pour it on the set okra.
Hibiscus fruit pod corn tip
Ingredients: 5 hibiscus pods, half a can of corn shoots, chicken legs 1 piece, and red peppers 1 piece.
Seasoning: soy sauce, cooking wine, starch, sugar, chicken essence, salt.
Methods: 1. Wash the chicken leg and cut it into small pieces. Marinate it with soy sauce, cooking wine, starch and sugar for 10 minute. 2. Wash okra and corn shoots, cut the big ones in half obliquely, and wash and shred the red peppers. 3. Heat oil in the pot, stir-fry the chicken until it becomes discolored, then add okra and shredded red pepper, add a little cooking wine, chicken essence and salt to cook.
hibiscus
Shrimp gumbo soup
Anhui cuisine
Ingredients: okra 300g, shrimp? 0 g, cooked white sesame 1/2 teaspoons, garlic 1 grain salt, sugar 1/2 teaspoons, olive oil 1 teaspoon, pepper 1/4 teaspoons.
working methods
1, peeled and chopped garlic; Wash okra, cut off the head and cut into small pieces; Soak shrimps in water, wash and drain for later use.
2. Pour half a pot of water into the pot and bring it to a boil. Add okra, blanch it, take it out, shower it with ice water and drain it.
3. Boil the water in the pot again, add the dried shrimps, take them out after blanching, drain the water, put them in a bowl, add okra, minced garlic and material A, mix well, sprinkle with cooked white sesame seeds and serve.
Characteristic dried shrimp-dried shrimp, also known as dried shrimp, golden hook and Kaiyang.