Clarify the main objectives of new urbanization
The data disclosed in the "Proposal" shows that since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", significant progress has been made in new urbanization, and the level and quality of urbanization have been greatly improved. By the end of 2020, the urbanization rate of permanent residents in China will reach 63.89%, and the urbanization rate of registered population will increase to 45.4%. Remarkable achievements have been made in the urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and a historic breakthrough has been made in the reform of household registration system. The goal of 654.38 billion agricultural migrants and other permanent residents settling in cities and towns was successfully achieved, and the coverage and equalization level of basic public services were significantly improved.
The relevant person in charge of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission said that during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the problems, challenges and opportunities faced by China's urbanization development coexisted. On the one hand, the quality of urbanization needs to be further improved. On the other hand, China is still in a period of rapid urbanization, and the urbanization momentum is still strong.
In order to solve problems, meet challenges, seize opportunities, release momentum and promote the sustainable development of new urbanization, the "Program" proposes that by 2025, the urbanization rate of permanent residents in the country will increase steadily, and the urbanization rate of registered population will increase significantly. The quality of urbanization of agricultural transfer population has been significantly improved, and urban basic public services cover all permanent residents who have not settled down. The strategic pattern of "two horizontals and three verticals" urbanization has been fully formed, the population and economic carrying capacity of urban agglomerations have been significantly enhanced, the construction of key metropolitan areas has made remarkable progress, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have been basically completed. Non-core functions in the central areas of megacities have been orderly dismantled, the functional quality of large and medium-sized cities has been further improved, the vitality of small cities has been continuously enhanced, and important progress has been made in urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier. The ability of urban sustainable development has been significantly enhanced, and an organized, scientific and standardized urban governance system has been basically established.
Improve the urban housing system
Different from the concept of planning, Planning defines some very specific work directions. In promoting the construction of new towns, I wrote a lot of things in the real estate field. Sun Wenhua, dean of the Planning Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, told the reporter of China Consumer News.
The "Program" clearly states that it is necessary to improve the urban housing system. Adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, establish a housing system with multi-subject supply, multi-channel guarantee and simultaneous rent and purchase, consolidate the main responsibility of the city government, and stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations. Reform and improve the housing provident fund system, and improve the deposit, use, management and operation mechanism.
In terms of the rental market, the "Proposal" points out that the rental housing market should be cultivated and developed, the existing housing resources should be revitalized, the supply of rental housing should be expanded, and the long-term rental policy should be improved, so that rental housing can gradually enjoy the same rights as public services. Accelerate the construction of housing lease laws and regulations, strengthen the supervision of the rental market, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of lessees and lessors.
In terms of housing security, the "Program" requires improving the basic system and supporting policies for housing security and effectively increasing the supply of affordable housing. Focus on large cities with large population inflows, expand the supply of affordable rental housing, and focus on solving the housing difficulties of eligible new citizens, youth and other groups.
In terms of urban renewal, the "Proposal" points out that the key point is to promote urban renewal and transformation with the transformation of "three districts and one village" such as old residential areas, old factories, old blocks and villages in the city as the main content, and explore the modes of government guidance, market operation and public participation. Carry out the renovation of old residential areas, promote the construction of supporting facilities such as water circuits and gas signals in residential areas and the maintenance of public parts such as roofs, external walls and stairs, promote the energy-saving renovation of public facilities and buildings, conditionally install elevators, open fire exits, and co-ordinate the construction of electric bicycle charging facilities to improve the basic living conditions of residents.
Improve the level of urban governance
"High-quality urbanization should include three aspects, one is the high-quality development of industries, the other is the high-quality life of people, and the third is the efficient governance of the government." Bobby Chen, president of China Real Estate Data Research Institute, said.
Improving the level of urban governance and optimizing the spatial layout and form of urbanization are one of the key contents of the plan. In view of megacities, the "Proposal" points out that we should change the development mode, actively solve the "big city disease" and promote megacities to "slim down and keep fit".
For large and medium-sized cities, it is necessary to improve the functional quality, promote the differentiated positioning of manufacturing industry and the development of large-scale clusters, build advanced manufacturing bases, trade logistics centers and regional professional service centers according to local conditions, and consolidate the foundation for the development of the real economy.
In view of small cities, we should conform to the law of urban rise and fall, take advantage of the situation, guide cities with population loss to strictly control the increment, revitalize the stock, and promote the concentration of population and public service resources in urban areas. Support resource-exhausted cities to develop alternative industries according to local conditions and strengthen people's livelihood security and assistance.
For small towns, it is necessary to guide the development by classification, strengthen services to rural areas, enhance peripheral functions, and develop into comprehensive small towns.
"Compared with the previous policies, this proposal not only pays attention to the development of megacities, but also pays special attention to the problems of population loss and resource-exhausted cities." Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, told the reporter of China Consumer News, "This also shows that the new round of urbanization development emphasizes the orientation of balanced and high-quality development, and it is also the embodiment of the people-oriented development concept. In particular, it is mentioned that it is necessary to revitalize the stock and develop alternative industries, which provides a development path for the future development of such cities. "
In addition, the "Proposal" clearly stated that in order to control the chaos of buildings such as greed, flattery and strangeness, new buildings over 500 meters are not allowed, and new buildings over 250 meters are strictly restricted.