Nutrition is the material basis for maintaining life and health. Nutrition and physical condition are also important signs reflecting the progress of a country and society. The physical quality of a country's citizens is very important to social development. Therefore, the national nutritional status is not only an important symbol of national social progress, but also an important factor affecting and restricting social and economic development. Similarly, economic development can also promote the improvement of nutrition and physical condition. With the development of economy, great changes have taken place in culture and education in China, and profound changes have taken place in diet, nutrition and physical quality. College students are in the stage of growth and development, and their learning tasks are heavy. Their nutritional status has aroused widespread concern in society.
In recent years, irregular diet has become one of the main factors that form the sub-health state of college students. College students obviously don't know enough about the importance of diet, and irregular diet is one of the main causes of digestive system diseases. According to relevant data, the proportion of students with irregular diet has accounted for 465,438+0.9% respectively [2]. Long-term irregular diet will not only cause malnutrition, affect the quality of sleep, but even affect the regulation of neurohumors and endocrine, which will have a great negative impact on students' health [3].
Sun Jianhua and others investigated and analyzed the diet, nutrition and health status of college students in Shanghai in 20001year, and came to the conclusion that the staple food of college students in Shanghai is not enough, and they are partial to rice, and the staple food is short of coarse grains, and the situation of neglecting breakfast and not using breakfast is more serious. Picky food, partial eclipse, more hobbies for certain foods. Female students have a low intake of protein, especially animal protein [3]. In 2005, Xin Bifen investigated the nutritional status of Central South University. The results show that the malnutrition rate of Central South University students is 19.9%, and the obesity rate is 26.3%. The intake of dietary protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins A, b2, C and calcium is equivalent to the standard [4]. In 2005, Deng Jie's investigation on the nutritional status of college students in Nanjing showed that 36.9% were well nourished, 52.6% were malnourished and 10.5% were overnourished [5]. In this paper, the questionnaire data about college students' nutrition knowledge, attitude and eating behavior in recent years were consulted. The statistical results show that most students lack nutrition knowledge, and some students have bad nutrition behaviors, such as skipping breakfast and often eating snacks. However, these students have a good attitude towards nutrition, and they hope to gain more nutrition knowledge through various channels, and they are also willing to be healthy and change bad eating habits. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out active and effective nutrition education among college students, give regular lectures on nutrition knowledge, publish nutrition newspapers and periodicals, offer elective courses on nutrition knowledge, and strengthen publicity and education on nutrition knowledge in order to improve college students' physical quality.
2. Status of nutrition knowledge, behavior attitude and eating habits
2. 1 The nutritional status of students is closely related to their nutritional knowledge, behavior and attitude.
According to relevant surveys, the formation rate of students' correct nutritional attitude and eating behavior is not high, and behaviors such as skipping breakfast and eating snacks are more common. Most students lack the necessary nutrition knowledge and generally have unreasonable eating behavior, but they have a good sense of healthy eating and are willing to accept more nutrition knowledge and correct bad eating habits. Ways to obtain relevant information: The ways for college students to obtain nutrition knowledge are newspapers and magazines 75. 1%, radio and television 54.0%, people around them 45.3% and other ways 65.438+02.90%. The survey of nutritional attitude shows that 90.9% students want to know more about nutrition and health, 78.2% students consider the nutritional value of food or their own nutritional needs when choosing food, and 9. 1% students hold an indifferent attitude towards this [6].
2.2 College students' diet, nutrition and the arrangement of three meals a day.
Generally speaking, 36.43% of college students have the dietary concept and habit of combining vegetarian nutrition, 43.39% of college students can sometimes combine vegetarian nutrition, while more than 15.44% of college students basically don't pay attention to the combination of vegetarian nutrition and eat whatever they have [7]. Therefore, college students are a group with unbalanced nutrition, which deserves attention. A reasonable diet should ensure that all kinds of nutrients necessary for maintaining good health are met, and the proportion of various nutrients meets the needs of the human body [8].
2.3 College students' attitudes and behaviors towards basic dietary nutrients.
Milk and dairy products are rich in nutrients such as protein, calcium and phosphorus. A glass of milk (250 ml) a day can get 250 mg of calcium, which is very important for the growth and development of children and adolescents. The survey results show that milk has not become the mainstream of college students in protein. Most students' intake of milk is random [9]. College students love vegetables very much. The habit of picky eaters and snacks of college students. The survey shows that more than 60% of college students are picky eaters. ...