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Kaifeng, formerly known as Daliang, Bianliang, Tokyo and Bianjing, is located in the east of Henan Province. It is one of the eight ancient capitals in China and the first batch of 24 famous historical and cultural cities in the State Council. In history, seven dynasties, namely Wei, Liang, Jin, Han, Zhou, Song and Jin, established their capitals here, which is called the Seven Dynasties in history. In addition, Guo Liang after the Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty during the Western Han Dynasty (now Xia Dynasty, Daqi and Song Dynasty) are also called the ancient capitals of the Ten Dynasties. The city has a total area of 6,266 square kilometers and a population of 5.35 million, including 3.634 million hectares of cultivated land, an urban area of 546 square kilometers and an urban population of1.049 million. It has jurisdiction over five counties of Weishi County, lankao county, Qixian County, Tongxu County and Kaifeng County, and five districts of Gulou District, Longting District, Yuwangtai District, Shunhe and Kaifeng New District (Jinming District).
Kaifeng is an important historical and cultural international tourist city along the Yellow River in the Central Plains. Kaifeng has a long history and profound cultural accumulation, enjoying the reputation of seven dynasties, a famous cultural city, the old capital of the Song Dynasty and the capital of chrysanthemums. Scenic spots and historical sites all over cities and counties, faintly visible ancient city features, rich folk culture and colorful autumn chrysanthemums show the charm and charm of Bianjing, the "ancient capital of the Ten Dynasties". There are many tourist attractions in Kaifeng, which set and broke many world records and China records in world record association, China, and won many world records and China records. Henan University, a century-old prestigious school, is located in Kaifeng City.
Kaifeng is known as the "water city in the north", and the lakes in the city are vertical and horizontal and widely distributed. In order to improve the urban landscape and environment of Kaifeng and develop the urban tourism economy, the Kaifeng Municipal Government has determined the grand blueprint of "Juniper Water System Project" with "four rivers connecting five lakes" according to the overall urban planning. The second phase of Kaifeng water system project is located in the west of Kaifeng old city, connecting Longting Lake (East Lake and West Lake) with Baogong Lake (East Lake and West Lake), Tieta Lake, Sunshine Lake, Northwest Lake and Qingming Shanghe Garden, which is an important part of the city's "water culture chain" and eco-tourism corridor.
The Henan starts from Baogong Lake, and connects Longting Lake and Qingming Shangheyuan in the north, with a total length of about 1.600 meters. This area is the key area for the reconstruction of dangerous buildings in Kaifeng, with poor living conditions and environment, relatively backward infrastructure and poor road traffic. Therefore, combined with the second phase of the water system project, the surrounding areas will be transformed, the urban environment will be completely changed, and the living conditions and living environment of residents will be improved, so as to form a new economic growth point in the old city. The surrounding land is transformed to the city wall in the west, to both sides of Yingbin Road in the east, to Xiangyang Road in the south, and to Shangheyuan and Qingming Lake in the north. The total land area is 2474.4 mu, of which the reserved land area is 6 12.7 mu, the road land area is 479.4 mu, and the exploitable land area is 1382.3 mu.
Kaifeng is one of the eight ancient capitals in China, with profound historical and cultural accumulation, rich cultural relics and historical sites, early formation of urban pattern, rich style of the ancient city and unique water city in the north, which embodies the long historical tradition and rich cultural connotation of the ancient city. 1982 is listed as a national historical and cultural city by the State Council. Historically,
Kaifeng is the earliest developed area in China, with criss-crossing rivers and lakes, developed irrigation, mild climate and convenient transportation. Its walls are magnificent and its culture is splendid. The ancients once said, "Five Phoenix Pagodas bloom, Yimen is an ancient imperial system". During the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng, as the capital of Bianjing (Tokyo), was the political, economic, military, scientific and technological, cultural, commercial and urban center of China, and was also the most prosperous and largest metropolis in the world at that time. Its construction planning thought is unique. The majestic city walls are divided into outer city, inner city, imperial city, triple battlements and three moats. The traffic in the city is compatible with land and water, and it is unimpeded. In terms of layout, the closed square system was broken and replaced by open commercial and residential urban streets, and the housing market was integrated to expand the citizen class, so that its population reached more than 6.5438+0.5 million.
Because of the increase of non-agricultural population, it has promoted the development of urban handicrafts and commerce, and the trade inside and outside the region has flourished, making it a metropolis of "eight droughts and common struggles, and all countries share the same salt". The layout of this building. It had a far-reaching impact on the capital construction of feudal dynasties after the Song Dynasty. The gardens in Tokyo are also very distinctive. There are more than 100 royal gardens and temples in Tokyo. "Generally, the capital is near, and they are all gardens. Within a hundred miles, there is no leisure. " The famous royal garden "Genyue" embodies the characteristics of Yuedashan, where exotic flowers and trees are planted and exotic animals are stocked. Historians call it a masterpiece in the history of China gardens. There are many cultural relics in Kaifeng, including 13 national cultural relics protection units, 38 provincial, 26 municipal and 136 county cultural relics protection units.
The famous iron tower, Suoguo Temple, Baogong Temple, Yanqing Temple, Yuwangtai and Fanta all have high historical and cultural values. As one of the three stone carving centers in Henan Province, there are more than 0/000 stone carving treasures/kloc-from the Han Dynasty to the Republic of China in Kaifeng collection and various places of interest, which are precious materials for studying history, science and technology, and calligraphy art. On May 22, 2005, new york Times Review published a commentary by Christopher, a famous columnist, for the first time with the Chinese title "From Kaifeng to new york-Brilliance flies like a smoke" to introduce the history of Kaifeng. On April 18, 2007, Mr. Lien Chan, honorary chairman of the Kuomintang, and his wife came to Kaifeng to visit various scenic spots in the Seven Dynasties.
65438+ 10 65438+On the morning of June 6, 2009, the opening ceremony of the 2009 academic annual meeting of the Chinese Astronomical Society [1] and the naming ceremony of Kaifeng stars were held in Kaifeng, Henan. The asteroid numbered "35366" orbits the sun between the Earth and Mars, and is officially named "Kaifeng Star" here. Zhou Xu, chief researcher of National Astronomical Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at the opening ceremony that Kaifeng Star was discovered by Schmidt CCD Asteroid Project Team of National Astronomical Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences on 1997 10/8, with an absolute magnitude of 15.9 and an orbital period of 3.32 years. Asteroids are celestial bodies similar to planets in the solar system, but much smaller than planets and invisible to the naked eye from the earth.