A, according to the metabolic types, yeast and lactic acid bacteria belong to heterotrophs, nitrifying bacteria and cyanobacteria belong to autotrophs, and A is correct;

B, from the structural point of view, yeast is eukaryote, lactic acid bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and cyanobacteria belong to prokaryote, tobacco mosaic virus and phage belong to virus, B error;

C, tobacco mosaic virus (RNA virus) is composed of RNA and protein, C error;

D, ⑤ ⑤ belong to living systems, and their proliferation can not be separated from living cells. D is correct;

Therefore: ad.