original text
The flowers of land and water plants are very fragrant. Tao Jin Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone; Since Li Tanglai, everyone loves peony; Love lotus alone, dirt-free, clear but not demon. Straight outside, not crawling, fragrant and clear. It is slim and elegant, so you can look at it from a distance without looking ridiculous.
Want to call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers; Peony is a precious flower; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
translate
Plants and flowers on water or land are particularly popular. Tao Yuanming preferred chrysanthemums in the Eastern Jin Dynasty; Since Li and Tang, people all over the world have especially loved peony. However, I only like the purity of lotus, which comes from the soil and is not polluted. After washing with clear water, it looks pure and not seductive. Its shape is open-minded and straight, unlike vines spreading around or branches crisscrossing. The fragrance is far away, pure and fragrant, and graceful as a beauty in water. You can only appreciate it from a distance, but you can't play with it.
I compare chrysanthemums to hermits in flowers. Peony is a rich man in flowers. Where's Lotus? A gentleman with flowers. Hey! After Tao Yuanming's death, I seldom heard of people who loved chrysanthemums. How many people who love lotus are as good as me? (Who are several people? ) and people who love peony are suitable for most people. (Ye Yiqing)
Make an appreciative comment
In the fourth year of Song Xining (A.D. 107 1), Zhou Dunyi, a famous neo-Confucian, came to Xing Zi with Nankang Army. Zhou Dunyi was honest and indifferent, and loved Lian all his life.
After Zhou Dunyi came to Xing Zi, he dug a pond on the east side of Junya and planted all the lotus flowers. When Zhou Dunyi came to Yukiko, he was old (55 years old) and sickly, so whenever he was alone after dinner, he invited friends from the three or five aides to enjoy flowers and tea in Chi Pan and wrote a well-known essay "Love Lotus". Although The Story of Ailian is short, it has been told by people all the time.
A year later, Zhou Dunyi resigned due to old age and infirmity, and settled in a church at the northwest foot of Lushan Mountain to give lectures. He left behind the lotus pond and the article "Love Lotus", which has always been cherished by future generations. In the sixth year of Xichun (AD 1 179), Zhu was transferred to Nankang Zhijun. With admiration for Zhou Dunyi, he rebuilt the lotus pond and established the Lotus Hall. He got the ink of Zhou Dunyi's "Ailian Shuo" from Zhi Qing Zhou, Zhou's great grandson, and asked someone to carve it on a stone and by the pool. Zhu Zuoshi said:
I heard that Bloom is ten miles from Yujing.
The bright moon is high and cold, and no one sees it, only for the husband to grow up.
Appreciation of "The Theory of Ailian" focuses on "getting rid of the mud without dyeing, and clearing the lotus without evil", which is the central theme of the full text.
The ancients generally used things to express their feelings. The same sentence has two meanings, one is metaphor and the other is expression. Similarly, "Stained with mud but not stained, clear lotus is not demon" also has a second meaning. Metaphorically, the author himself has the noble character of "emerging from mud without staining, clearing lotus without demon". In fact, what he means is that officialdom is dark, so it is as difficult for you to maintain a noble character in officialdom as it is for a lotus to emerge from the mud without being defiled. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he doesn't want to go along with it. And "Zhuo Qing Lian has no demon" is just a good wish of the author. Walking by the river often, how can you not wet your shoes? Therefore, it is commendable to be able to stand alone in a hundred flowers. This is also the author's sigh, because he can't be immune to the big environment, except to escape and stay away. Or, like him, guard one of his festivals conscientiously.
Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus Theory" began with "the flowers of land and water vegetation are very lovely". The opening part is profound and atmospheric, which not only points out that the lotus in Ailian is also a flower of land and water, but also points out that the lotus is lovely, and it is just one of the "extraordinary" people. This laid a logical foreshadowing for his "single love lotus" below. So, the pen is extraordinary and eye-catching. Next, Zhou Dunyi did not entangle in Fan Fan, but simply narrowed down the scene. The sentence "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums" makes this question more clear. Tao Yuanming can express his feelings by loving chrysanthemums. How can I not love Lotus alone?
The next sentence, "Since Li Tang came, the world loves peonies very much", which seems to be repetitive, but actually deepens the meaning. Moreover, this sentence makes the sense of contrast stronger, and it also paves the way for him to seek the nobility of lotus. Zhou Dunyi's love for lotus flowers is different from Tao Jin Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums. In order to keep a noble and pure life, he would rather die in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world. This mentality of staying innocent in a dirty world and seeking truth alone is essentially different from the herd mentality that everyone envies wealth (peony). This paves the way for Ailian's theory of "getting out of the mud without being stained".
The next sentence, Zhou Dunyi, goes straight to the theme, "Love lotus is not stained with mud, clear lotus is not demon, and communicates directly with the outside world, but it is not a play from a distance." Writing the language of lotus, loving lotus and expressing Yu Lian's ambition can be described in one go, which seems to be an intuitive description of lotus. In fact, every word is based on the appearance of the lotus. The exquisiteness of this pen is amazing. It can be said that the whole reader has no chance to breathe. The language is extraordinary, but the aftertaste is meaningful and long, and the more delicious it is, the more delicious it is.
At the end of the article, Zhou Dunyi first takes flowers as a metaphor, and makes the characteristics of flowers compare with people. Although dull, the metaphor is to the point, which makes people have a different taste. "To" chrysanthemum, flower hermit escape also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. This plain sentence is followed by "Tao Jin loves chrysanthemums roundly; Since Li Tanglai, the world loves peony very much; Love the lotus alone ... "It can be said that it is seamless without any trace. More importantly, the metaphor of flowers vividly describes Tao Yuanming's isolation and pursuit of a prosperous life, without a word of direct accusation.
Through this contrast, Zhou Dunyi compared himself to a gentleman. It is better to avoid the world than to be a gentleman. From this perspective, Zhou Dunyi is somewhat narcissistic. However, Zhou Dunyi also had some self-knowledge, and then he sighed deeply, "The love between chrysanthemums and flowers is unknown after pottery;" Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages. "Yes, the world of mortals is rolling, and how many people can avoid the world for a reason? There was Tao Yuanming in Jin, but I haven't heard of anyone who can do it now. Or, like me, how many people in the world can stay together in a pure and gentlemanly manner like me? Most people just follow the crowd in the world of mortals. It can be seen from this that Zhou Dunyi is arrogant, and his mentality of seeking purity without conformity is commendable in the secular world. He lamented that it was because the world was getting worse and worse, and most people were defiled by it.
This article appeals to all tastes, is concise and catchy, and is a rare fine short story in ancient Chinese. Moreover, it has a double interpretation, heavy content and far-reaching artistic conception. In addition, its writing is similar to that of the vernacular, which is easy to read and understand, so it has become a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. When enjoying this article, if you can be moved by the chronicle in the article, this is the best income from reading this article.