Tao Yuanming's Original Preface and Translation
Original: The husband dazzled from the media, the ugly behavior of a scholar and a woman; He who doesn't want anything has a clear mind. Sages hide their light, and sages hide in the world. What is the reason? Nothing is more virtuous than Tao; If you care about yourself, you are not more important than your body. The old way is safe, and the road kills people. Being a hundred years old, I have lived all my life, and suddenly compared with a white pony, sending an encounter is called a reverse journey. It is advisable to fill a large piece with empty space, and to neutralize it. How can you work hard in fear and serve the world! Enjoying Zhao's daughter's entertainment, the delicious food of Babao Kowloon, the glory of riding a horse, the extravagance of holding Gui Gui, and the mixed feelings. No matter how hard it is to lean on, it also celebrates the phase of hanging. Wise men are walking on thin ice; A fool is greedy for a scholar, but he loses his tail when he competes. Jade in the mountains, see Jane eventually broken; Lan Zhi was born in the valley, although no one is fragrant. Therefore, Zhuang Zhou fished in Haocheng, cultivated in the wild, or transported herbs from Haidong, or spun wool from Jiangnan. For example, if you spend your honeymoon with a chicken, do you compete with the meat of the kite? Jude county, the sacrifice of Ning Lao Wenzhong! As for Zi Chang and Ning, Su Qin and Wei Yang, they died without regret, and they were so happy. Father Yan Yan said: "You can't eat five ding when you are born, but you can cook five ding when you are dead." How painful it is to die like he said! I visited Zhou again and was folded by Sun Man. Huo Hou took advantage of it, and the disaster began with the negative mans. Gluttony, its flow is very complicated. Tang Yao, the Lord of the four seas, has the heart of Fenyang; Zi Jin, the repository of the world, has Robin's ambition. Light is regarded as chicken feathers, but heavy is not as good as others. It is even that a person is a scholar because of his dark traces. Or humbly bow to the emperor, or wear brown without pay, abandon the machine. Love lies not in many things, but in people who give many things and forget their feelings. There is no doubt that there is wine in Tao Yuanming's poems. In my opinion, it is not wine, but also wine as a trace. His articles are not crowded, eloquent, ups and downs, clear-cut, superior and hearty, which is beyond Beijing's reach. Cross the elemental wave, swim with it and go straight up. Language and current affairs can be imagined, and the theory of arms is broad and true. Be loyal to your ambition, be honest and frugal, not be ashamed of your own efforts, and not get sick because of lack of money. If it's not the Great Sage, how can it be so bad? I love his writing, but I can't let it go. I still think about his virtue, but I hate it. So I added the search school, which is roughly the area. Bai Bi has some flaws, but in the poem Leisure, Yang Xiong said that he advised a hundred people and satirized one person, but there was no irony. Then why did he shake his pen? What a pity! Death is possible. And roughly point his biography, compiled in the record. It is said that people who have a deep understanding of the text are eager to express their feelings, and their despicable heart is dispelled. A greedy husband can be cheap, but a coward can stand. It is not only benevolence and righteousness, but also a kind of resignation. You don't have to travel all over Taihua to seek history. This is also helpful to Feng Jiao. Showing off those who betray themselves is a woman's ugly behavior; If you don't envy those who want nothing, their hearts will be bright and understanding. Therefore, saints hide their sharpness, and sages avoid the world. What is the reason? Pursuing morality, the most important thing is not to go beyond moral norms; Cherish yourself, the most important thing is to pay attention to your health. So, the truth is on your side and you are safe. If the truth is not on your side, you will get hurt. A hundred years, a lifetime, time flies like a blink of an eye, and the encounter of strangers is like staying in a hotel. Like the atmosphere, it should be dispersed and combined. If you let yourself go for a long time, how can you always work hard for what you are worried about and live a mediocre life on earth! Qi praised Zhao Nv for her great success, various delicacies, luxury cars and horses, and precious jade articles. Happiness is happiness, but sadness also follows. The interdependence of fate is unpredictable, and celebration and mourning are interdependent. People with wisdom and ability live on thin ice; Ignorant and greedy people, scrambling for profits, flow like a flood. Jade is produced in the mountains. Because it is precious, it is finally mined. Bluegrass is born in the valley, and even if no one looks at it, it still spits out fragrance. Therefore, Zhuang Zhou fished in the waterfront of Haoshui, Bocheng cultivated in the fields, some people sold herbs in the east of the sea, and some people spun bird feathers in the south of the Yangtze River. Like a chicken of a mandarin duck, how can it be compared with the meat of a kite? Just like that small county, how can you get Wenzhong's sacrifice! As for Zichang, Ning and others, Su Qin, Wei Yang and others, even if they die, they don't doubt their beliefs, and they never regret being addicted to them. Strict father said, "If I were alive, I wouldn't be able to enjoy five pots of food. When he died, he was cooked by Wuding. " Really like what he said, wouldn't it be fun! Visiting Zhou was humiliated by Wang. Huo Guang's rank is noble, because his sharpness is too exposed, which leads to disaster. There are many greedy people. Tang Yao, the master of the world, has the ambition of seclusion in Fenyang; Zi Jin is Chu Jun (the heir to the monarch) in the world, but he has the ambition to live in seclusion in Robin. Giving up the throne is as easy as taking off your shoes, and treating the king as light as a feather, let alone others? So smart people always hide their talents. Some people were received by the emperor with suicide notes, and some people lived with coarse firewood on their backs, knocking on the pool and giving up government affairs to enjoy music. His interest lies not in people's politics, but in politics. Some people suspect that there is wine in all Tao Yuanming's poems. I think his original intention is not wine, but also to pin his interest on wine. His articles are outstanding, brilliant in literary talent, ups and downs, heroic, cadence and hearty, and no one can compare with him. Its artistic conception is quiet and graceful, like a small bridge flowing water, or majestic and straight into the sky. On ambition, it is noble and true. In addition, Tao Gong's unchanging ambition, unremitting efforts, moral contentment, hard observance of moral integrity, not ashamed of hard work, and not seeking poverty. If you are not a saint and have no unswerving ambition, how can you reach this state? I like his poems very much and can't put them down. I admire his moral character and hate that I didn't live in the same era as him. So I collected and revised his works and made a simple collection. White jade also has flaws. The only flaw in his works is "leisure". Yang Xiong said that works should play the role of persuading everyone to satirize a person. If it doesn't convince the world, why write them? What a pity! It would be better for Tao Yuanming not to write this article. I wrote a rough biography for him and included it in this collection. I once said that people who can understand Tao Yuanming's articles will lose their pursuit of fame and fortune, and vulgar and stingy thoughts will be dispelled. Greedy people will be clean, cowardly people will stand on their own feet, will not insist on pursuing benevolence and righteousness, and can also give up official salaries, and do not have to go to the emperor's side to pursue fame and gain, and go down in history. These collections will also help to educate the world.