Cai Lianxiang, a traditional Chinese medicine, put forward the essence of health preservation in "Five flavors entering the five internal organs" in Neijing of Traditional Chinese Medicine? "Five strains and seven injuries"

Five flavors enter the five internal organs:

There are five flavors in the entrance, each belonging to five internal organs and five elements, and overeating is sick! ! !

Sour taste enters the liver, which is a kind of wood. It is embarrassing to eat too much:

Salty blood enters the kidney and belongs to water. Eating too much makes people thirsty;

Spicy gas into the lungs is golden, and eating more makes people annoyed (sweat is empty);

Bitter into the heart is fire, and eating too much makes people vomit:

Sweet meat belongs to the earth during the day, and eating too much makes people sad (fat);

Five strains and seven injuries:

"Sedentary hurts meat", sedentary friends are prone to muscle strain, backache and backache;

"Sedentary", standing for a long time, is prone to osteoarthrosis such as osteoarthralgia, osteoporosis and hyperplasia;

"It hurts to lie in bed for a long time", and it is easy to get tired. The more you sleep, the more boring you are.

"Long-term injury", easy to cramp after walking for a long time, and tired at night;

"Long-term blood injury", watching mobile phones and computers for a long time, dizziness, visual fatigue, insomnia and dreaminess.

Seven hurts the mind: anger hurts the liver, happiness hurts, thinking hurts the spleen, thinking hurts the lungs, and fear hurts the kidneys.

Traditional Chinese medicine has "four qi and five flavors" ... the so-called "four qi", also known as "four natures", has four characteristics: "cold and hot, warm and cool (flat)"; The so-called "five flavors" refer to "sour (astringent), bitter, sweet (light), pungent and salty". Chinese medicine also says that "medicine and food are homologous", so food also has "four qi and five flavors"

Therefore, the "qi" or "sex" of food is consistent with the "four qi" or "four sex" of medicine. According to cold, hot, mild, warm and cool, the ancients basically divided food into three categories: temperament or sex.

There are many eating habits in the books of traditional Chinese medicine dietotherapy in past dynasties, such as great heat, great heat, moderate temperature, moderate temperature, cool temperature, slight cold and severe cold. This is only the difference in food performance, and there is no obvious boundary.

Generally speaking, as far as more than 300 kinds of common foods are concerned, the foods with flat sex are the most, followed by warm food and cold food. From the life experience and clinical application of food, cold food is mostly negative, which has the functions of nourishing yin and clearing heat, purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying. Warm food is positive, which has the functions of warming meridians, supporting yang, promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals and dispelling cold.

The "taste" of food

The "taste" of food refers to the main taste of food, which is still summarized as "five flavors", namely: sour (astringent), bitter, sweet (light), pungent and salty. The functions of the five flavors are consistent with the functions of the drug "flavor". However, the five flavors are sour (astringent), bitter, sweet, pungent, salty and soft. Among them-

Sweets have tonic, analgesic and spasmodic effects, such as honey, maltose, longan meat, rice flour food and so on. ) the most delicious food;

Salty food has the functions of diarrhea, softening and resolving hard mass, nourishing yin and nourishing blood, such as salt, kelp, laver, shrimp, crab, jellyfish, nail fish and so on. );

Sour (sour) foods have the functions of astringing sweat, astringing essence, stopping diarrhea and reducing defecation, such as dark plum, hawthorn, pomegranate and persimmon. ) second;

Spicy food, such as ginger, onion, garlic and pepper, has the functions of dispersing stagnation, promoting qi circulation and promoting blood circulation. ) even second;

Bitter (bitter food has the functions of clearing away heat and purging fire, eliminating dampness, detoxifying and lowering qi, such as bitter gourd, bitter almond, orange peel and lily. ) less.

The other is the light taste, which is classified as sweetness by Chinese medicine. It has the function of diuresis and dehumidification, such as watermelon, wax gourd, poria cocos, day lily, coix seed and so on.

In addition to the five flavors, there is also the concept of "aroma" defined by sense of smell, which refers to the special smell of food. Most aromatic foods are fruits and vegetables, such as oranges, oranges, bergamot, coriander, Chinese toon and fennel.

Aromatic foods generally have the functions of invigorating the spleen, stimulating appetite, eliminating dampness and turbidity, refreshing the brain and inducing resuscitation, and resolving food stagnation.

Spicy food (such as pepper and pepper) has the function of "strengthening the spleen";

Bitter food (such as bitter gourd) still has the function of "purging fire";

Salty foods (such as fish, shrimp and crab) also have the function of tonifying kidney and nourishing blood. All kinds of food can have one or several flavors, which shows the diversity of food functions.

As for the yin and yang attributes of the five flavors, sweetness belongs to yang and bitterness belongs to yin.

The special "meridian tropism" function of food-

Tropism of food is also a main aspect of food expression, which shows the prominent role of a certain food in some organs, meridians and parts of the human body, and it shows the key selectivity of food. In fact, this is the ancient people's understanding of the selectivity of food action and the inherent law of food action. Traditional Chinese medicine also believes that the tropism of food has a certain relationship with "taste" [as Su Wenzhizhen's Great Theory says: "Five flavors of husband enter the stomach, each of which is happy ... materialization is also common." . Generally speaking:

Spicy food belongs to lung meridian, spicy divergent food (such as onion, ginger, coriander, etc. ) used to treat the exterior syndrome and cough symptoms of lung qi deficiency syndrome;

Sweet food belongs to spleen meridian, and sweet tonic food (such as red dates, royal jelly, yam, etc. ) for the treatment of anemia and weakness symptoms;

Sour food belongs to the liver meridian, and sour food (such as ebony and hawthorn) is used to treat diseases such as liver, gallbladder and viscera.

Bitter food belongs to the heart meridian, and bitter food (such as bitter gourd and green tea) is used to treat inflammation of heart fire or irritable bowel syndrome;

Salty food belongs to kidney meridian, such as turtle, kelp, laver, etc. ) is used to treat liver and kidney deficiency and debilitating diseases (such as hyperthyroidism and diabetes).

The unique ups and downs of food—

The concept of ups and downs of food is closely related to the smell and taste of food. The odor properties of food and its yin and yang properties determine the action trend of food. Generally speaking, foods with light texture, warm eating habits and sweet taste are essentially yang and tend to rise and fall (such as ginger, garlic, pepper, etc. ), and has the effects of divergence and enlightenment. For example, coriander and mint can relieve symptoms and treat colds, while chrysanthemum and green tea can clear the brain and treat headaches; On the contrary, foods with heavy texture, cold eating habits, sour, bitter and salty tastes are easy to precipitate (such as almonds, plums, lotus seeds, wax gourd, etc. ), and has the effects of clearing away heat, relieving asthma, relieving cough, diuresis, astringing sweat, stopping diarrhea, tonifying and so on. Such as watermelon clearing away heat to cure fever and polydipsia, melon diuresis to cure urinary tract obstruction, and ebony convergence to stop diarrhea and dysentery. According to the statistics of more than 300 kinds of commonly used foods, there are more foods with sedimentation tendency than those with upward tendency.

Food supplement and diarrhea

The concepts of "supplement" and "diarrhea" of food performance generally refer to two functions of food and two characteristics of food. Generally speaking, tonic foods have the functions of invigorating qi and strengthening yang, nourishing yin and nourishing blood, promoting fluid production and benefiting essence. Generally speaking, diarrhea food has the functions of relieving exterior syndrome, dissipating heat, inducing resuscitation, eliminating filth (epidemic prevention), clearing away heat, purging fire, drying dampness, inducing diuresis, eliminating phlegm, expelling wind and dampness, purging dysentery, detoxicating, promoting circulation of qi, expelling wind, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and cooling blood.

According to the statistics of more than 300 kinds of commonly used foods, there are more diarrhea foods than tonic foods. From this point of view, the nutritional means of traditional Chinese medicine is not only for tonifying deficiency and strengthening the body resistance, but also for purging excess and eliminating evil to a greater extent.

Cai Lianxiang reminded relatives and friends, Chinese medicine colleagues, not to talk about others, as a reference! In order to improve Chinese medicine, medicine, food and cognition.