The same is true of a basic principle of Chinese medicine treatment, which is to make up for redundant injuries.
What is it called when the body is in a state of excess? Call it a demonstration, and use the method of "diarrhea" to eliminate excess. People are familiar with sore throat, swollen gums and sore mouth, all of which are in a state of getting angry. This is called excess heat syndrome, and everyone knows to buy some medicine for clearing away heat and purging fire. This is one of the examples.
What is it called that the body is in a state of deficiency? It is called deficiency syndrome, and it is treated by "tonic" method. Most ordinary people who have never studied Chinese medicine are also familiar with it. In the past, middle-aged and elderly people liked to eat ginseng and the like, but now young people also like to soak Lycium barbarum in thermos bottles to keep fit. But did they make it up in the right way? Even if their bodies are in a state of lack? This may not be the case. This is also an example.
From this, we talked about Huangdi Neijing from Tao Te Ching.
There is a saying in Huangdi Neijing: "Deficiency makes up for it, but in fact it eliminates it." This "medical way" coincides with Laozi's "Heaven".
The last article, Qi Huang said: Say goodbye to Yin and Yang first, explains what Yin and Yang are for friends who don't understand Chinese medicine at all with examples from modern medicine and life. This article will tell you what is true and what is false.
As I said before, don't treat yin and yang cold, heat, excess and deficiency as so mysterious, and it makes you sick to see these words.
What is Yin and Yang? It is a classification method given by the ancients to everything in the world, and then applied to various symptoms of human body and traditional Chinese medicine, which can guide the ancients to diagnose and treat people without knowing about cells, hormones, enzymes, nerves and other things.
Yin and yang are a general direction of treating diseases.
The word deficiency and excess can also be said to be the classification of various symptoms of human body and a direction of treatment. The ancients used to divide people's symptoms into deficiency and excess, and then give them drugs. Drugs that can treat patients with deficiency syndrome are called tonic drugs, and drugs that can treat patients with excess syndrome are called evil drugs.
Here is an explanation of what a certificate is. Explain in professional terms: syndrome is a conclusion about the current position and nature of the disease.
"Syndrome" refers not to a single disease, but to a stage of the disease or a summary of the current condition.
For example, in patients with peptic ulcer, Xiaoming belongs to "spleen and stomach deficiency and cold syndrome" and Xiaohong belongs to "damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome". Although both of them have done gastroscopy, they are also diagnosed as duodenal ulcer by modern medicine. In modern medicine, they can take the same omeprazole plus amoxicillin and metronidazole, but for Chinese medicine, they will not use the same prescription.
Deficiency and cold syndrome of spleen and stomach belongs to deficiency syndrome and cold syndrome, and it is in a state of yin. Generally speaking, Chinese medicine should use tonic and hot medicine.
Damp-heat syndrome belongs to positive syndrome and heat syndrome, and it is in a "yang" state. The general direction of treatment should be drugs for clearing away heat and purging fire, eliminating pathogenic factors and dispelling cold.
This is the concept of syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine, and it is also the reason why traditional Chinese medicine can treat diseases without looking at the etiology and pathology.
If you don't understand the concept of "certificate", give another example related to "certificate".
Nephrotic syndrome, a disease name in modern medicine, must have been heard. The diagnostic criteria of this disease are four clinical symptoms: 1, massive proteinuria, 2, hypoproteinemia, 3, edema, 4, hyperlipidemia.
If you have these four symptoms, you can be sure that you have nephrotic syndrome.
The syndromes mentioned in TCM are also composed of several main clinical manifestations.
Deficiency and cold syndrome of spleen and stomach: 1, dull pain in epigastrium, preference for warm pressure, 2, onset after fatigue or cold, preference for hot food, 3, tepid hands and feet, thin stool, 4, pale tongue with white fur and weak pulse.
If you meet these four manifestations, you can say that you have spleen-stomach deficiency and cold syndrome.
Everyone, do you understand? The "syndrome" of modern medicine and the "syndrome" of traditional Chinese medicine are related and somewhat similar. But I didn't say that the symbol between them is equal to the symbol. Please pay attention to this.
I also want to emphasize that please don't take the above symptoms and diagnose yourself as spleen-stomach deficiency and cold syndrome. First of all, you don't know the tongue pulse, and second, your condition is complicated. Deficiency and cold syndrome of spleen and stomach is a simple deficiency syndrome, and most people may be mixed with deficiency and excess. You diagnose yourself as spleen-stomach deficiency and cold, and take warm tonic, but you don't know that there is evidence in your body, which may make things worse.
Let's get back to the word "virtual reality".
Su Wentong's Theory of Deficiency and Excess has a brief summary of deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome: "Evil is actually real, but essence is virtual."
"Evil" refers to various pathogenic factors, including six evils, furuncle, phlegm, edema, food retention, blood stasis and so on.
Six evils refer to the excessive or abnormal climate of wind, cold, heat, humidity, dryness and fire.
As early as Zhou Li, Guanzi, Zhuangzi, Lv Chunqiu and other ancient books, it was recorded that various meteorological changes such as wind, cold, summer, dampness, dryness and fire could make people sick, and the theoretical system of "six evils" was constructed in Huangdi Neijing.
No matter whether you study Chinese medicine or not, you should have a deep understanding of this weather-induced disease. The incidence of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other diseases is high in winter, which is not unrelated to the cold climate. It is easy to understand that the summer weather is hot and the human body is in a high temperature environment for a long time, so it is very easy to get heatstroke.
Traditional Chinese medicine regards the abnormality of wind, cold, summer, dampness, dryness and fire as "pathogenic factors", which is also reasonable in modern science.
We can understand the "six evils" from two factors. One is various meteorological factors, which can be attributed to the temperature of the environment. Dry and wet are related to environmental humidity, and wind is related to environmental pressure. As we all know, sunshine, temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and other physical and chemical factors have a direct impact on the human body.
The second is biological factors, including diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms invading the human body. Proper humidity and other conditions are necessary for the reproduction, spread and prevalence of biological pathogens. Various pathogenic microorganisms living in wind-cold environment, the immune function of the host at low temperature and the meteorological and physical stimulation of wind-cold gas directly act on the human body, which may be the real essence of pathogenic wind-cold evil.
In modern times, "furuncle" refers to various acute infectious diseases, such as this acute infectious disease, which acts on the human body and generally belongs to empirical evidence.
/kloc-0 In the autumn of 956, Japanese encephalitis (JE) was prevalent in Shijiazhuang, which was called "epidemic essence" by Chinese medicine. Modern Chinese medicine masters think that JE belongs to summer heat, so they treat Japanese encephalitis with Baihu decoction to get rid of evil spirits. This kind of "evil persistence" is a process of eliminating evil, and then back to that sentence, "evil is strong", the acute phase of this infectious disease belongs to the empirical.
Of course, the "evil" mentioned by Chinese medicine not only refers to foreign microorganisms and meteorological environment, but also includes various pathological products produced in the body, and also belongs to the category of evil.
Tanyin is one of the pathological products produced by abnormal metabolism of body fluid. Phlegm and drink are separated.
Sputum, including sputum secreted by human respiratory tract-that is, sputum in the ordinary sense, is called tangible sputum, and it is not easy to be detected by people as intangible sputum.
Invisible phlegm moves with qi and stagnates in limbs, bones, facial features, nine orifices, skin and flesh, pulse condition and bones and muscles along meridians. Because phlegm rises and falls with qi everywhere, it is known as "ten diseases and nine phlegm", "all diseases are caused by phlegm", "all diseases are related to phlegm" and "phlegm is the mother of all diseases".
If you can't understand what invisible phlegm is, give an example related to modern medicine.
The word stroke must be familiar to everyone. Stroke is also called cerebrovascular accident, including cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral embolism and other diseases. However, the ancients did not know these changes of cerebral vessels, and there was no modern imaging examination. They could only use their own theoretical system to explain the mechanism of stroke. Stroke can be divided into many syndrome types, among which wind and phlegm enter the collaterals, which is related to phlegm. Wind mixed with phlegm blocks people's meridians, leading to hemiplegia, that is, one limb is weak, one eye is skewed, and speech is unfavorable. Phlegm fire disturbs God. This is a coma caused by phlegm mixed with fire.
So we are studying what invisible phlegm is, which can be preliminarily judged by clinical symptoms. If it is a stroke, then this invisible sputum represents cerebral arteriosclerosis or arterial rupture and bleeding or thrombosis blocking the cerebral vessels.
Of course, there are many clinical symptoms related to phlegm, which can be seen in the cardiovascular system, such as chest tightness, chest pain, insomnia, palpitation, heavy head, dizziness and other symptoms; Symptoms such as excessive phlegm, cough, asthma and yellow phlegm can be seen in the respiratory system; Symptoms can be seen in the digestive system, such as abdominal distension, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, phlegm and saliva, abdominal distension, poor appetite and so on. There is no need to delve into these symptoms for the time being, as long as we know that phlegm, a pathological product, causes people to get sick, this is empirical evidence.
Let's talk about drinking again. Chinese medicine is called drinking syndrome. According to the different parts of drinking, there are four kinds of drinking cards, one is phlegm drinking, the other is hanging drinking, the other is overflow drinking and the other is drinking.
Phlegm drinking under the classification here does not refer to phlegm drinking under the positivism classification I mentioned earlier, but refers to a series of clinical symptoms such as stuffy heart, vomiting, clear water and saliva, gastrointestinal dripping, and emaciation. This phlegm drink is equivalent to gastrointestinal effusion in modern medicine. X-ray plain film of abdomen shows that there is liquid level and pneumatosis in abdomen.
Phlegm drinking under the above-mentioned positivism classification can be divided into two parts. Phlegm drinking here is just a kind of drinking syndrome, so don't confuse it.
Suspended drinking belongs to mass fluid, and its clinical manifestations are fullness in chest and hypochondrium, cough and spitting pain, shortness of breath and inability to lie down, which is almost equivalent to pleural effusion in modern medicine.
Overflow belongs to drinking limbs, which is characterized by limb pain, heaviness and even edema, accompanied by asthma and cough. Heart failure in modern medicine has the symptoms of edema of lower limbs, asthma and cough.
Supporting drinking belongs to drinking evil to support the chest and lungs, coughing against breath, shortness of breath and inability to lie down, which is like swelling. My understanding is probably similar to pulmonary edema.
Pathogens also include food retention and blood stasis. Food retention is easy to understand, which is almost indigestion and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Blood stasis can also be understood literally, but it actually contains many other aspects, so I won't go into details here, just saying that these are all "real evils" mentioned by Chinese medicine.
When pathogenic factors exist in large quantities, they are real. There is a condition that essence or righteousness is not empty, and righteousness and evil spirits have enough ability to compete. The two are bound to fight in the body, so the demonstration is generally an emergency.
"Essence" can be understood as vital qi of human body, which has many functions, besides the immune function understood by modern medicine, it also has the function of regulating various physiological activities of human body. Deficiency syndrome refers to deficiency of vital qi such as yin and yang, qi and blood, and body fluid. However, the pathogenic factors are not obvious, showing deficiency, relaxation and decline.
In traditional Chinese medicine, essence, essence and qi have similar meanings, and they are all subtle substances that maintain normal physiological functions and activities of the human body.
How to understand this delicate substance? In other words, how to understand the concept of "Qi"?
Let me tell you two concepts, which should be easy for everyone to understand.
Since qi is a subtle substance that maintains normal physiological functions, all the five internal organs of the human body will have qi, because all the five internal organs should play their respective physiological functions, otherwise life will be unsustainable.
Therefore, the position of qi in the heart of TCM is called "heart qi", and the position of qi in the kidney of TCM is called "kidney qi".
Other qi includes lung qi, stomach qi, liver qi, Stephy, Qi Ying and many other concepts. We'll talk about this later. Let's talk about heart qi and kidney qi first.
Traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine have the same definition of "heart", that is, heart is related to blood.
Chinese medicine says: the heart governs the blood. It means that the heart qi pushes and regulates the beating of the heart and the relaxation and contraction of the pulse, so that the blood runs in the veins and flows all over the body, playing a role in nutrition and moistening.
According to modern medicine, the heart is a pump, which transports blood to all parts of the body and oxygen to all parts of the body through continuous contraction and relaxation. And why can the heart keep beating? The reason is that the heart's ECG activity, sinus node cells attack the action potential to produce impulses, pass through the atrium, conduct the ventricle, and finally cause ventricular muscle contraction and pump blood.
Although the ancients didn't know what ECG activity was, they used the word "heart qi" to summarize such a function of heart pumping blood.
So if you don't understand the concept of heart qi, you can almost imagine that it is the reason why the heart pumps blood.
However, it should be emphasized that the mind has many other functions. In order to explain this word, I give an example of ECG activity here, just saying that there is a little correlation and similarity between heart qi and ECG activity, not that they are completely equal, remember.
Let's talk about the example of kidney qi.
Kidney qi can promote the growth and development of the body and the maturity of reproductive function. "Su Wen Lun Gu Naive" said: "The woman is seven years old, full of kidney qi and has longer teeth." It describes such a growth phenomenon.
So obviously, the function of kidney qi is similar to growth hormone in modern medicine. Similarly, when it is difficult to understand what "kidney-qi" is, we can better understand it by thinking about its function, its connection and similarity with what is in modern medicine.
I use specific "heart qi" and "kidney qi" as examples. Without the word "heart and kidney", is it easier to understand the concept of "righteousness"? In fact, it is the substance or function that maintains the normal physiological activities of the human body.
"Exhaustion of essence leads to deficiency" means that when essence (vital qi) is exhausted, the human body will have the performance of deficiency syndrome.
Xiaoming is 35 years old this year. He often feels palpitations and fatigue. He felt difficult to breathe on the third floor, and the doctor asked him to do color Doppler echocardiography. The results showed that his left ventricular systolic function decreased. The reason for the decline may be that he had myocarditis before. This is understood in Chinese medicine as deficiency of heart-qi, that is, the function of heart-qi is weakened or insufficient, so it can be said that Xiao Ming has a state of deficiency syndrome.
Xiaohong is 95 years old and has lost all her teeth and hair. As I said before, the woman is seven years old and has long teeth. Now Xiaohong is in an old age and her teeth and hair are falling off. It can be said that her kidney qi is decreased or insufficient, and she also has a state of deficiency syndrome.
I use these two examples to illustrate that the deficiency or weakening of vital qi (essence) in human body can be caused by disease, or it can be that people are old and their normal physiological functions have declined.
Xiao Ming had myocarditis before, but he may not have fully recovered or was seriously ill at that time, which led to the loss of vital qi (decreased heart function), so he is now weak (with deficiency syndrome).
When Xiaohong is old, she can't escape the punishment of physiological laws, and kidney qi (the function of various hormones or organs) naturally declines. Therefore, Chinese medicine attaches great importance to protecting healthy qi when treating diseases of the elderly. There are many drugs for clearing away heat and toxic materials on the market, all of which indicate that the elderly should use them with caution. This is because they are afraid that these drugs will not only clear away heat and detoxify, but also "clear" righteousness.
The above explains what is called "deficiency of vital qi".
Now further explain that vital qi (such as heart qi and kidney qi) is divided into yin and yang.
Kidney qi is divided into yin and yang, one is called kidney yin and the other is called kidney yang.
Kidney yin is a part with the functions of cooling, moistening, calming and inhibiting.
Kidney yang is a part with the functions of warming, nourishing, promoting and exciting.
They restrict and balance each other in the human body, thus maintaining the normal physiological function of the human body.
Imagine, under the premise of the same kidney yang, kidney yin deficiency, what symptoms will appear in the human body? With the deficiency of kidney yin, that is, the functions of cooling, moistening, calming and inhibiting are weakened, people will have a series of symptoms of heat syndrome, such as irritability, hot flashes, night sweats (sweating when sleeping at night, stopping sweating when waking up) and so on. But this fever is different from the well-known aphtha, sore throat and gum fever, and it is deficiency heat.
The word deficiency heat is easy to understand. Deficiency of kidney yin equals deficiency of kidney yin, which can be interpreted as deficiency. Anyone who has never studied Chinese knows this meaning. With less kidney yin, the effect of cooling and calming the nerves is reduced. Relatively speaking, the effects of warmth and excitement are enhanced, and the human body will have symptoms of heat. This is deficiency-heat syndrome.
Similarly, under the premise that kidney yin remains unchanged, what symptoms will appear in the human body if kidney yang is insufficient? Without kidney yang, that is, the functions of warming, rising and excitement are weakened, people will have a series of cold syndrome manifestations, such as chills, cold limbs, spontaneous sweating (sudden sweating when awake) and so on. But this kind of cold is different from the cold in which a bottle of ice falls into the stomach in winter, and it is deficiency cold.
Deficiency cold is not external cold (additional cold), but because the function of warm and exciting (yang) of human body has decreased. Relatively speaking, the functions of cold, quietness and suppression (yin) enhance the resulting cold.
Let's take a look at the explanation of deficiency syndrome in the textbook: it refers to the deficiency of vital qi such as yin and yang, qi and blood, and body fluid. However, the pathogenic factors are not obvious, showing various syndromes characterized by deficiency, looseness and senility.
What does the deficiency of yin and yang mean and what kind of performance will it produce? I explained it with a concrete example of kidney yin and kidney yang.
What about deficiency of qi and blood? Qi deficiency has different manifestations in different viscera. Just now, I cited examples of deficiency of heart-qi and kidney-qi, and I think I also know something about other spleen-qi deficiency and lung-qi deficiency. Will be discussed in detail later. Blood deficiency is well understood and basically corresponds to anemia in modern medicine.
Symptoms of blood deficiency: white face, eyelids, lips and tongue (the main manifestations of anemia), dizziness, palpitation (symptoms of insufficient perfusion of tissues and organs caused by anemia) and so on. This is easy to understand, so I won't go into details here.
The deficiency of body fluid is manifested as dry stool in mouth, lips and throat, dry and inelastic skin, sunken eye socket and sharbat. This is basically a typical dehydration symptom in modern medicine. This is also easy to understand.
So far, the concept of "deficiency" has been talked about almost, but it is also very important that "evil spirits are not obvious" If evil spirits are obvious and healthy qi is insufficient, people's lives will be on the verge of death.