I. Classification of engine oil

1, mineral engine oil and mineral oil come from the bottom slag left by oil refining. Residual oil is mainly composed of asphalt, paraffin wax and thousands of complex components, and is refined from secondary base oil. It is usually replaced every 5,000 kilometers or 3 months.

2. Half synthetic engine oil and half synthetic engine oil come from the third base oil. After hydrogen treatment, paraffin is extracted and then treated, and the composition is relatively clean. It is usually replaced once every 7,500 kilometers or 6 months.

3. There has been controversy about synthetic engine oil and synthetic engine oil. Some people say that it is synthesized from 345 base oil, while others think that it is synthesized from four base oils. In essence, the ingredients used to make the original product better are chemically reacted and artificially controlled to achieve the expected effect, so the synthetic oil has strong thermal stability, antioxidant reaction and healthy annual change ability; In general, it should be replaced every 10000 km or 1 year.

4. Ester oils, including esters, diesters and polyesters; It has the characteristics of good high-temperature viscosity protection, good low-temperature lubricity, good lubricity, good oxidation stability, good environmental protection and good sealing performance. In general, it should be replaced every 65,438+05,000 kilometers or 65,438+08 months, and introduced to Sabisa CEPSA, the representative of civil racing engine oil.

Second, the oil viscosity grade SAE

1, the viscosity of lubricating oil is mostly marked by SAE, which is the abbreviation of American Society of Automotive Engineers. For example: SAE 15W-40, SAE5W-40.

2. "W" stands for the abbreviation of winter. The smaller the number in front of it, the better the low-temperature fluidity of the oil, that is, the lower the available ambient temperature, the better the protection ability of the engine during cold start. The number after "W" (with a horizontal one behind it) is the index of high temperature resistance of engine oil. The larger the number, the better the protective performance of oil at high temperature.

3. According to SAE classification, engine oil can be divided into general purpose oil and summer oil.

Universal, both hot weather and cold weather can be used;

Summer oil can only be used in high temperature weather in summer, and the external minimum temperature is not lower than 0℃.

4. The selection of engine oil according to SAE needs to be determined according to the local maximum and minimum temperatures throughout the year, and the corresponding engine oil selection can be made through the following table.

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Third, API gravity API standards

1, API quality grade, and the quality of lubricating oil is mostly identified by API grade, which is the abbreviation of american petroleum institute.

2. "S" series stands for gasoline engine oil; "C" series stands for diesel engine oil; When the letters "S" and "C" exist at the same time, it means that the oil is commonly used in gasoline and diesel. If "S" is in the front, it is mainly used for gasoline engines. On the contrary, it is mainly used in diesel engines.

3. The series starting with "S" stands for gasoline engine oil, with specifications of 12, specifically SA, SB, SC, SD, SE, SF, SG, SH, SJ, SL, SM and SN, and the highest grade is Sn at present; SN- grade engine oil can be used instead of SA-SM, but SA-SM grade engine oil cannot replace SN. The vast majority of synthetic engine oil sold in the market are SN-rated.

4. If the series starts with "C", it represents diesel engine oil, and the specifications are: CA, CB, CC, CD, CE, CF, CF-2, CF-4, CG-4, CH-4 and CI-4.

5. Because the structure and working environment of gasoline engine and diesel engine are different, different brands of engine oil cannot be mixed.

Four, ACEA European Automobile Manufacturers Association standards

1, full name of ACEA: (Association des constructers Europe), headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. It is the inspection and certification standard of automobile lubricating oil in European automobile manufacturing industry, which is higher than the commonly known American API standard in technical requirements, so understanding ACEA standard has positive reference significance for the majority of riders when choosing engine oil!

2, ACEA grade standard division

ACEA A/B: gasoline engine oil and light diesel engine series

A 1/B 1 series engine oils have good viscosity retention, and are suitable for long oil change period, especially for gasoline engines and light diesel trucks. Low-friction and low-viscosity lubricating oils with high temperature/high shear viscosity of 2.6mPa.s or 2.9-3.5 MPa s can be used.

A3/B3 is a stable engine oil with good viscosity retention, which is used in high-performance gasoline engines and light diesel engines.

A3/B4 is a stable engine oil with good viscosity retention. It is used in high-performance gasoline engines and direct injection diesel engines, but it also meets the performance requirements of A3/B3.

A5/B5 is a stable engine oil with good viscosity retention. It is especially suitable for gasoline engines and light diesel engines that can use low-friction and low-viscosity lubricating oil with high temperature/high shear viscosity of 2.9-3.5 MPa s for a long time.

Five, the main OEM certification

1, the most stringent certification standard, because the internal structure and working environment of engines of major OEMs are different. If an engine oil meets the OEM certification of different OEMs at the same time, it proves that the quality of this engine oil is absolutely at the top level in the world.

2. Classification of different standards for oil OEM certification >; The national standard of ACEA certification > API certification is not perfect yet, so the international standard is adopted at present. Good engine oil is first used in synthetic engine oil; The most basic thing for a good engine oil is to pass the API SN grade; Excellent engine oil should also meet the standard of ACEA A3/B4, and top engine oil should also be certified by major OEMs.

3. Good engine oil meets these requirements.

Six, the selection method of oil

1, regularly maintain and change the oil filter, you can choose good oil, and it never breaks down. Other people's cars have been driving for several years, and your car will be repaired in three days and overhauled in seven days. Don't blame me for not reminding you.

Look at the inside of synthetic engine oil's engine that people have used for a long time. Very clean.

2. The viscosity grade SAE of engine oil has nothing to do with the oil change cycle.

3. When choosing engine oil for the classic car that has been used for several years, try to choose engine oil with high viscosity, such as 5W-50 or 5W-60, because the sealing gasket and other parts of the engine oil are aging.

Matters needing attention

In the process of buying engine oil, try to choose a reliable way to buy it.

Choosing a good Sebessa CEPSA engine oil is definitely worth it.