Medical and health big data covers the whole life cycle of natural persons, including data aggregation and aggregation of personal health, medical services, disease prevention and control, health protection, food safety, medical care and other aspects.

Simply put, it is a collection of personal data related to health and medical care, which exists not only in hospitals, but also in the Internet, enterprises and hospitals.

At the same time, the meeting also mentioned that it is necessary to use health care big data, innovate business formats, and innovate applications to promote the development of the medical industry.

The application of health care big data not only plays an important role in improving the health care service model, but also plays an important role in promoting economic and social development, and is an important basic strategic resource of the country.

Where does the health care data come from?

We can be roughly divided into five aspects.

The first one comes from diagnosis and treatment data:

Data generated by patients in the process of diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions and physical examination institutions and recorded by information systems;

Including electronic medical records, testing, gene sequencing, medication, medical imaging, etc.

The second type comes from research data: personal health data entered or collected by drug or device research institutions, such as clinical trials and biological sample banks;

The third is personal data: health data recorded by individuals outside medical institutions, such as heart rate, pulse, sleep and other data collected by wearable devices; Internet behavior record retrieval, consultation, inquiry, patient exchange data, etc. ;

Fourth, settlement data: reimbursement and circulation data stored by commercial insurance companies, medical insurance institutions and price management institutions; Finally, public medicine consists of clinical guidelines, medical journals, medical literature, evidence-based medicine data warehouse and so on. This is the source of medical big data.

The core of health care data lies in medical institutions.

Because the hospital data are real disease data, other social drug purchase data and so on are still a long way from the real core of medical health.

In the hospital, including nursing records, electronic medical records, medication information, disease diagnosis, etc. These data are highly sensitive.

The second is truth. Why is it true? There are medical orders, prescriptions, medical records, etc. These medical documents can be used as legal evidence.

At the same time, the quality is relatively high. With the continuous accumulation and improvement of medical informatization for 20 years, the integrity and quality of data are also improving.

Industry requirements

As a new thing, medical and health big data is still lacking in industry standards and industry norms. Until nearly a year ago, the National Health and Family Planning Commission successively issued the "Functional Guide" and "Construction Standards and Norms" for hospital informatization in China, in which the big data platform was mentioned, which meant that hospitals needed to build a big data platform to implement the content and time plan for the implementation of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" big data strategy, requiring the top three hospitals to finally build a service framework of big data and artificial intelligence technology, organize data resources with high efficiency and high quality, and form data productivity.

Industry status

It is not easy to enjoy and apply health big medical data.

For hospitals, there are three forms: "Dare, Unwilling and Unwilling".

No, I dare not do it because the problems of data access and data security have not been solved.

There is no regulation, or it is unclear, so I dare not do it. I don't want to, because the rights and interests of hospitals, governments and society are unclear. There is also the data of the internal departments of the hospital, and I am afraid that it will be taken away.

No, because big data must have the technical support of big data. Without technical support, data cannot be mined and utilized. Similarly, in the process of data opening, there are still great obstacles to the breakthrough of technology, standards, mechanisms and systems, which leads to the failure of various departments in the promotion process. These present situations have caused the phenomenon of "nothing".

These are the status quo, but the core is that data security can not be safe and controllable, so that hospitals can rest assured.

Security and privacy protection

Data security challenges

Data security has not been solved, can it be used? How to establish a security system?

First of all, hospital safety is constantly being challenged.

I saw a piece of news yesterday. I don't know if you saw it. This is a hospital group in Singapore. Its hospital data were hacked, including the medical data of its prime minister. It is very sensitive.

Hackers took it.

Why is everyone staring at the hospital? It shows that hackers are still interested in medical data.

For example, in the past, ransomware rarely went to hospitals, but when the ransomware just broke out last year, it was aimed at hospitals. Both Britain and China were arrested, but China Hospital was rarely exposed. Therefore, the security situation is even more severe.

Hospital safety management

The first is physical security.

The physical network of the hospital is divided into intranet: registration, settlement and charging. One is the extranet office network and the other is the Internet.

The whole physics is isolated, so is the network.

The second data security mainly refers to medical internal data, and data protection adopts encryption, database audit, tamper-proof and other technologies.

The third is network security. From the network point of view, the National Health and Family Planning Commission proposed that 20 15 all 3A hospitals should establish three-level protection of information security and gradually realize basic security.

The fourth is privacy security, which is a new proposition, because if our data is used internally, it is plain text without privacy.

Those are private data?

There is no clear legal provision in China.

We can learn from the HIPPA Act of the United States, and clearly stipulate the personal name, social security number, license plate number and other 18 privacy data, or consider it as privacy as long as it can point to the individual patient.

So, how is the data kept secret?

Basic encryption technology is still widely used.

There is no need for encryption inside the hospital. The so-called external, that is, scientific research and drug research need to be encrypted when they need a lot of statistical analysis. We are now using MD5 encryption and other security technologies, which are reversible and irreversible.

Health big data application

Let go of the application under the premise of safety.

Borrowing the words of the leaders of the Planning Information Department of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, "one point is deployed and nine points are landed". Health care big data also needs one-point construction and nine-point application. Judging from the present situation of industrial application, there are many companies, many investments and great expectations, and the output has not yet been determined.

From the application direction, it can be divided into: clinical decision support (AI), medical insurance cost control and insurance development, hospital management, research and development of medical devices and new drugs, chronic diseases and health management.