1. What fertilizer is applied to tea trees?
1, tea trees generally need to apply base fertilizer (fertilizer applied before sowing tea seeds or planting tea seedlings) and base fertilizer (fertilizer applied after the ground part of tea trees stops growing). The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, and organic fertilizer such as decomposed farmyard manure or compost (and special fertilizer for tea trees) can be applied appropriately per mu; The base fertilizer is mainly composed of organic fertilizers such as decomposed farm manure, compost and cake fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be added when it is used. The cake fertilizer can be applied per mu100-150kg.
2. Phosphorus has a very important influence on the physiological activities, yield and quality of tea. Especially its influence on the quality of tea, black tea is more prominent, and the phosphorus content in good quality black tea will be higher. The content of phosphorus in tea is 0.8%- 1.2%, of which 80% exists in the form of organic phosphorus and 20% in the form of inorganic phosphorus. Tea trees can absorb soil phosphorus all year round.
3. Potassium can regulate the water physiology of tea plants, such as water absorption and transpiration, so it can improve the drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance of tea plants. Attention should be paid when using potassium fertilizer, especially adding potassium fertilizer on the basis of using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is an important measure to improve the yield of tea trees.
Second, how to plant and manage tea trees
1, variety selection
(1) In order to grow high-yield and high-quality tea, the selection of varieties is very important.
(2) There are many varieties of tea in the market, and each variety has different characteristics, so there are many factors that affect the selection of varieties.
(3) When selecting varieties with high and stable yield, good quality, strong disease resistance, market preference and high economic benefits, screening should be carried out according to the actual planting situation.
(4) The climate, temperature, illumination and topography in different regions are different, so it is necessary to choose suitable varieties according to these conditions in order to achieve the best planting effect.
2. Choose the land to raise seedlings
(1) There are certain requirements for soil fertility when tea is planted. Only when there are enough nutrients in the soil can the normal development of tea trees be guaranteed.
(2) When planting tea trees, you must choose a place with deep soil layer, fertile soil and sufficient water, and the planting slope should be less than 25. At the same time, it is necessary to plan the planting site reasonably.
(3) Generally, about 3-4 kinds of tea seedlings will be planted at the same time, but they must be selected according to the size of the area.
(4) Generally, if the site is less than 50 mu, there must be no more than 3 kinds of tea trees planted at this time. More than 50 acres, can be appropriately increased.
3. Fertilizer and water management
(1) In the process of tea planting, sufficient water and balanced nutrients are the key factors to make it grow rapidly, so it is very important to strengthen fertilizer and water management.
(2) In the process of fertilization, we must pay attention to the balanced collocation of fertilizers and the appropriate amount of fertilizers. We can use a mixed fertilizer composed of trace elements and organic fertilizer and sprinkle it in the soil layer, which will help the growth of tea trees.
(3) The ability of drought resistance and waterlogging tolerance of tea trees is poor, so water control is very important. Generally, the water demand is the most in summer, followed by spring and autumn, and the least in winter.
(4) If this water demand law cannot be met, it will not only restrict the growth of tea trees, but also affect the yield and quality of tea.
4. Shelterbelt construction
(1) If the tea garden is built on a relatively high mountain, it is necessary to establish a shelter belt at the windward mouth, which can effectively prevent the arrival of cold air.
(2) Planting shelterbelts can also improve the ecology, increase tea yield and improve tea quality.