The First Paper on Children's Mental Health Education: On Children's Mental Health Education
Mental health education is the theme of contemporary education and preschool education. The so-called healthy psychology refers to a person's psychological aspects and social environment in a state of active coordination and unity. People with mental health have cheerful and stable mood, positive attitude towards life, harmonious interpersonal relationship and strong self-control ability. Modern psychology shows that healthy psychology is the premise of a person's intellectual and personality development, potential development, moral quality formation and active adaptation to society, and the basis of the formation and development of a person's overall quality. The World Health Organization has predicted that 2 1 century will be the century of mental disorders and mental diseases. In China, it was learned from the Ministry of Health that the detection rate of behavioral problems among children and adolescents in China was 12.97%. In recent years, the psychological problems of children and adolescents are on the rise.
In July, 20001year, the Ministry of Education issued the "Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial)", which marked a new stage of preschool education reform. It is clearly pointed out in the general rules:? Early childhood education is an important part of basic education and the basic stage of school education and lifelong education in China. Kindergartens in urban and rural areas should proceed from reality and implement quality education according to local conditions to lay a solid foundation for children's lifelong development? . This emphasizes the importance of early childhood education. The state has put preschool education on a very high agenda, which is not only as important as basic education, but also bears the responsibility? Lay a good foundation for children's lifelong development? The heavy responsibility lies with the shoulders.
As we all know, the content of preschool education is also comprehensive, including the enlightenment education of people's emotions, attitudes, abilities, knowledge and skills. The syllabus divides them into five areas: health, language, society, science and art. ..
In all these educational contents, health is given priority, and specific requirements are put forward for children's health education. Kindergartens must give priority to protecting children's lives and promoting their health? . At the same time also stressed? Establish a correct concept of health and attach great importance to children's mental health while attaching importance to their physical health? .
However, from the current situation of kindergarten education in China, due to the influence of traditional educational concepts, culture and other factors, the cultivation of children's healthy psychology and personality is seriously neglected, which leads to the problems of poor independence, psychological fragility, fear of hardship, lack of creativity, lack of awareness and ability of cooperation and communication, and poor self-control ability. Many children still have various psychological and behavioral deviations. If this situation is not taken seriously, it will inevitably affect the quality of a generation. Therefore, attaching importance to and strengthening children's mental health education is an unavoidable topic in kindergarten education. So, how should kindergartens educate their children about mental health? This is a question that everyone has been discussing.
First, establish the educational goal of children's mental health.
Preschool education is related to people's lifelong development, and mental health education is no exception, so we must establish a long-term educational goal. According to the characteristics of children's age, the goal of children's mental health education is:
1. I can care about all kinds of things and phenomena in the world around me, have good observation, attention, imagination, generalization and analysis ability, have a strong thirst for knowledge, and know my relationship with all kinds of things and phenomena in the world around me.
2. Be able to express and exchange your thoughts and feelings with parents, teachers and children.
3. Willing to seek new life experiences and have good ability to adapt to the new environment.
4. Do things with confidence and patience, strive for success, and be not afraid of failure and frustration.
5. Have a certain self-care ability and initially develop good living habits.
6. Be able to actively participate in group activities and dare to express themselves.
7. Be friendly with children, cooperate on an equal footing, be willing to care about others and be compassionate.
8. Have certain self-evaluation ability and self-restraint ability.
9. When encountering difficulties, take the initiative to find a solution.
10. Able to accept the persuasion of teachers and parents, not willful.
Second, explore the ways and methods of children's mental health education.
1. Strengthen study and raise awareness.
As a preschool teacher, he undertakes the important task of enlightenment education. Although he has a certain professional theoretical basis, most teachers are still the weak link in children's mental health education. Therefore, we must strengthen our study. Theoretically, it is necessary to systematically study the concept, characteristics, principles, ways and methods of mental health education, master the laws of children's mental health education, improve the understanding of children's mental health education, and enhance the consciousness of engaging in mental health education, so as to improve the required knowledge and ability. We should read a lot of information about mental health education to make it standardized and scientific.
2. The combination of mental health education and teaching practice.
Although mental health education is a new topic, this phenomenon has a long history, but it has not attracted enough attention before. With the development of society, the deepening of reform and opening up, and the highly developed information technology, the whole society has been continuously improved. But at the same time, many bad phenomena are coming at us with lightning speed, and its negative effects make us unprepared and have no time to react. The sharp increase of juvenile crime rate year by year has sounded the alarm for us: the mental health problem of teenagers is urgent! As an early childhood educator, if we can attach importance to early childhood mental health education, we should link it with teaching guarantee and explore and study it in combination with our own teaching practice. For example, consciously cultivate children's expressive ability in language activities, and let children express and exchange their feelings and ideas in front of teachers and children; Cultivate children's social skills in music activities; Cultivate children's communication and cooperation ability in artistic activities, and integrate teaching and scientific research with mental health education. This will lay a good foundation for primary and secondary education.
3. Integration of mental health education and one-day activities
Mental health education is not an isolated educational activity, but should be integrated into children's daily activities: first, games are children's lives, and games run through the whole day. Besides the educational function of the game itself, the integration of mental health education into the game can also play a synergistic role. Games are an excellent means to cultivate social skills and independence. In role games, children learn how to get along well with their peers by establishing the theme of the game, choosing the role and developing the plot. This is undoubtedly meaningful to the good development of self-awareness, the development of gregarious feelings and the coordinated development of socialization and individuality. In practice, we should realize that not all games are effective and meaningful for mental health education. Children's mental health education games should be targeted and targeted. This requires us to choose games carefully, so that children can experience the joy of being gregarious, enhance their sense of gregarious and improve their cooperation ability.
At the same time, the content of mental health education should be organically integrated into teaching activities. Our mental health education is not to add a day's activities, nor to replace the original teaching activities, but to tap the inherent and potential factors in teaching activities, give full play to the role of mental health education in teaching activities according to children's psychological characteristics and development needs, and respect children's personality and rights in daily activities. This puts higher demands on the literacy of our kindergarten teachers. It requires us not only to have professional knowledge and skills, but also to strengthen the research on children's psychology and combine them organically in teaching, so as to better educate children's mental health and lay a good foundation for their healthy development.
4. Integration of mental health education and family education.
Education is a systematic project and needs the attention and support of the whole society. Parents are children's first teachers and play a key role in their growth. Therefore, mental health education must be supported and cooperated by parents. Due to the different levels and qualities of parents, schools can start from the following aspects: 1. Hold talks on children's mental health education to help parents raise their awareness. 2. Carry out some healthy and beneficial parent-child activities to bring the parent-child relationship closer.
3. Home visit is an effective family contact activity, which can often get twice the result with half the effort.
5. Mental health education should pay attention to individual differences.
Every child has its own characteristics, so the mental health education for children must be targeted according to the individual differences of children's physiology and psychology. While paying attention to children's mental health, we must pay close attention to children's individual mental health and implement personalized education. Individual counseling can be carried out, and parents, experts and psychotherapy should be contacted for children with outstanding problems.
Mental health education has attracted the attention of the whole society and educators, but with the continuous progress of society, this educational content will increasingly become the key to education that people can't ignore. As a preschool teacher, it is a long way to go to lay a good foundation for children's lifelong development! We should keep up with the situation and don't let the children lose at the starting line. I think this is the meaning of our work and our greatest contribution to society!
On the importance, influencing factors and implementation methods of children's mental health education.
A healthy mood can cultivate people's sentiment and make them full of vitality. If a person is cheerful and optimistic, he can live freely no matter what difficulties or misfortunes he encounters. Therefore, as a preschool educator, it is even more obligated to let every child have a healthy psychology.
Keywords: family education of mental health teachers
In today's world, mental health has become an important part of health and has attracted more and more attention from people from all walks of life. However, early childhood is a crucial period for a person's psychological development and personality formation. Personality and many psychological qualities are formed in this period, with strong plasticity, immature psychology, low level of self-regulation, and easy to be influenced by adverse factors such as environment. Therefore, it is very important and necessary to strengthen children's mental health education and maintain and promote their mental health.
First, the status quo of children's mental health in China
Psychologists and educators in China have done a lot of research on children's mental health. Many children generally have psychological problems such as jealousy, willfulness, loneliness, anxiety, emotional abnormality and social difficulties. Specifically, there are mainly the following aspects:
(a) Behavioral issues
Nowadays, most children are brought up by family's overindulgence, and many parents blindly meet their children's needs because their children are only children. In the long run, children will become self-centered and overbearing, and with the growth of age, they will gradually develop into bad behaviors such as violating classroom discipline, lying, fighting, and even violating social laws and regulations, which often make parents regret it.
(2) Emotional problems
Emotion is the general name of a series of subjective cognitive experiences, and it is a psychological and physiological state produced by various feelings, thoughts and behaviors. The most common and popular emotions are joy, anger, sadness, surprise, fear, love and so on. And there are some subtle emotions such as jealousy, shame, shame and pride. In childhood, their emotional problems are easily ignored by their parents. If parents don't attach importance to their children's emotional cultivation since childhood, children are prone to various problem behaviors when they grow up.
Relationship problems
Xunzi said:? People can't live without groups. ? It means that people can live a social life only through communication and building harmonious interpersonal relationships. The survey shows that many children have interpersonal problems, which will have an important impact on their individual development. Therefore, it is very important to cultivate children's interpersonal skills in early childhood.
(D) Personality problems
Personality is a person's stable attitude towards reality and personality characteristics in habitual behavior. In childhood, personality problems are mainly manifested in timidity, shyness, inferiority, cowardice, irritability, physical or verbal attacks and so on. Because children are timid and shy, it is often difficult for them to do what their parents ask them to do, such as performing, competing with others, and actively playing with others, which will make them more afraid of doing such things and aggravate their psychological obstacles.
Second, the factors affecting children's mental health
(A) genetic quality and its social impact
1. Genetic quality
Heredity refers to the phenomenon that parents' biological characteristics are passed on to their offspring. Genetic factors are the material premise of children's psychological development, and children form their own psychology under the material premise of this creature. Genetic differences lay the initial foundation for individual differences in children's psychological development. Every child has his own genetic characteristics, which will affect his psychological development, such as introversion or extroversion, behavioral withdrawal or attack, emotional anxiety or depression.
2. Influence from society
In modern society, people are often in a state of tension, and psychological conflicts, pressures and anxieties are increasing. The diversity of social values has had an immeasurable impact on young children, imperceptibly affecting their mental health. With the development of the times, advanced technologies such as computers and networks are getting closer to children's lives. Children's contact with various social media directly affects the formation of children's moral concepts and behaviors, and has an important impact on their physical and mental development.
The Influence of Parents and Families on Children's Mental Health
1. The family structure is simple and the living space is narrow.
At present, most only-child families have a simple structure of two plus one. Parents are dual-employed, working during the day, and a family of three lives in an apartment at night. Children lack peer communication and play. In the long run, it will inevitably affect children's mental health.
2. Improper parental education methods
In the eyes of some parents, the task of parents is to let their children eat well, dress well and not get sick. Parents are willing to invest in their children's food, clothing, housing, transportation and physical health care, but ignore their children's mental health.
(1) It has become a common problem for families with only children to overindulge their children. ? Spoil? Some parents take care of their children everywhere, which leads to their dependence, cowardice and lack of independence. As a result, their children are willful and overbearing, unable to cooperate with their peers in a friendly way, regardless of right and wrong, lacking self-control, and forming a bad psychology of exclusion and incompatibility with the collective.
(2) Some parents are too strict with their children and let them stay? Absolute obedience? In a high-pressure environment, bad psychological qualities such as inferiority, timidity and withdrawal are formed.
(3) Parents are busy with their own careers all day and seldom spend time paying attention to their children's development. Lack of parents' companionship and care has become an inducement for children to form bad psychological quality.
(4) The influence of parents' frequent quarrels or divorces on their children. . Parents' divorce does great psychological harm to children. Younger children will have aggressive behavior, shrinking behavior, showing fear, rejection, loneliness and other problems.
(C) the impact of teacher education methods on children's mental health
Teacher education method is the educational means and methods adopted by teachers in the process of educating children. In kindergarten education, teachers are not only educators, but also mothers or relatives. Therefore, teachers' educational methods not only directly affect the development of educational activities, but also subtly affect the formation and development of children's personality psychology. As the first enlightener for children to enter the society? Kindergarten teachers, when dealing with every problem, the personality and educational methods embodied by teachers will have an impact on children's psychology. Therefore, the educational methods that are suitable for children's development and that children are willing to accept will play a positive guiding role in children's psychological development.
Third, the response measures taken
(1) Embracing children with love is the premise of children's mental health education.
The famous educator Suhomlinski said: The whole mystery of educational skills lies in how teachers love children. . There is no education that doesn't love, and there is no child that doesn't need love. Only when the teacher gives love to the child can the child take the initiative to receive education.
(2) Teachers should pay attention to the subtle influence of their words and deeds on children.
The child's imitation ability is very strong and his heart is very fragile. Kindergarten teachers should pay special attention to their words and deeds. Because a casual conversation and a careless mistake will cause great harm to children and become an important factor affecting their personality development. Preschool teachers should deeply reflect on their words and deeds, even what they always think is right, so as to avoid inadvertently hurting children's young hearts.
(3) Teachers should arrange Children's Day activities reasonably, give full play to children's initiative, cultivate children's self-confidence and social communication ability, and promote the harmonious development of children's body and mind.
A healthy child is not only a healthy child, but also a happy, positive, bold, confident and fearless child. In collective education activities, teachers should use appropriate methods to guide children to actively participate in various activities, give full play to children's initiative and enthusiasm, and strive to combine children's interests with necessary rules to cultivate children's self-confidence. At the same time, children should learn to properly express their emotions in activities, learn to control their emotions with reason, maintain healthy emotions, and handle interpersonal relationships with children.
(D) * * * family education, * * * to promote children's mental health growth.
The outline clearly points out that family is an important partner of kindergarten. Based on the principles of respect, equality and cooperation, we should strive for parents' understanding, support and active participation, and actively support and help parents improve their educational ability. ? It can be seen that it is an important guarantee for children's emotional education to know and do, coordinate educational methods and unify educational requirements. Family is the cradle of children's growth, and parents' parenting attitudes and methods have great influence on the development of children's healthy personality. So, yes? Parent-teacher conference? , ? Parent-teacher conference? Parents' garden? Such as family cooperation, help parents raise awareness and urge parents to change incorrect educational concepts. In this way, the interaction between families will form a joint force, so that children can learn to correctly understand and evaluate themselves, form positive feelings such as self-esteem, self-confidence, autonomy, self-control, strong independence, a sense of responsibility, and being good at social interaction, and let children learn to be human from an early age and become a new generation with mental health and be able to adapt to the needs and challenges of the future society.
Children are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation. It is the unshirkable responsibility of our kindergarten teachers to cultivate children into a new generation that can meet the needs and challenges of the future society. Let's start with children's subtle psychological performance, guide children's behavior, guide children's psychology, let bad psychology die in the bud, constantly explore psychological methods of mental health education, and cultivate a positive, healthy and progressive new generation for the motherland!
On Children's Mental Health Education Part III: Children's Mental Health Education
In today's world, mental health has become an important part of health and attracted more and more attention from all walks of life. Childhood is the foundation of a person's physical and mental health development, and it is of great significance to cultivate children's healthy psychology from an early age. At present, how is the early education in China affected? Examination-oriented education, whether in kindergartens or families, focuses on knowledge transmission and physical care to varying degrees, while ignoring the education of children's mental health. Engaged in preschool education for many years, I feel more and more the importance of mental health education in preschool education.
Keywords: early childhood education, mental health care
First of all, understand the psychological characteristics of children.
As we all know, children in this period have obvious age characteristics. Only by understanding these characteristics of children can we have targeted education. I read a survey report of 22 cities in China, which said that the detection rate of children's behavior problems was 12.97%. According to the psychological investigation of 3000 children aged 4-6 in a certain area, 8.8% of them have bad behaviors, 1 1% of them are depressed and self-abased, and 8.5% of them are anxious and nervous. It can be seen that the current situation of children's mental health in China is not optimistic. 3 ~ 6 years old is the fastest and most stable stage of children's psychological development. Therefore, it is very important and necessary to strengthen the implementation of children's mental health education at this stage and maintain and promote their mental health.
1. behavior. Attention is very unstable, and it is easy to focus on things of interest, but it is not long and very active. Most like to challenge others, if you express? I don't believe you can do it? , he will really do it.
2. emotionally. Children's emotions are often dominated by external situations and are often influenced by the emotions of people around them. Easily excited, changeable, exposed and unstable. Stubborn, will lose his temper, appear in this rebellious stage, ignore the feelings of others, encounter panic or unexpected events, mood ups and downs, if not properly guided, may affect adulthood.
3. Intellectually. I can understand what my parents are thinking, and I will observe what they are saying. With amazing imagination and exaggeration, sometimes adults think they are lying, but in fact they still can't tell the difference between fact and fiction. Adults should understand their psychological phenomena, don't embellish them, and patiently explain and remind them. If you don't handle it properly, you will feel inferior because you hurt your self-esteem.
4. language. Children aged three or four have been able to master all the basic phonetics and their vocabulary has increased. With correct education, children gradually master the grammatical structure, and by the age of five or six, their ability to express coherent spoken English is greatly improved. Say what's on your mind, and express it directly if you like it or not.
5. Personality. Due to the different environment, educational conditions and genetic factors, children's physical and mental development has individual differences, and they gradually show their personal characteristics in personality, interest and ability, which will remain their traces in people's life.
6. Characteristics of the times. Most children are only children now, so they are spoiled. Little princess? Little emperor? They generally lack opportunities to communicate with their peers, and rarely encounter an environment that requires cooperation at home, which makes many children don't know how to deal with interpersonal relationships. In addition, parents' doting and improper education methods are easy to develop bad personality characteristics such as wayward, angry and selfish.
Generally speaking, curiosity, activeness, being good at imitation and being praised are the most remarkable psychological characteristics of this era. At the same time, due to the increase of the only child, there are widespread problems such as poor independence, psychological cowardice, fear of difficulties, frankness, lack of understanding and care for people, lack of creativity, lack of cooperation awareness and ability, and poor self-control ability. Many children still have various psychological and behavioral deviations. Such as gregarious, aggressive behavior, timidity, hyperactivity, emotional disorder, etc. If this phenomenon is not taken seriously, it will inevitably affect the quality of a generation. Therefore, attaching importance to and strengthening children's mental health education is an extremely important and unavoidable topic in children's education.
Second, teachers care about children's mental health.
(A) update the concept
1. Establish a new concept of early childhood education. As the saying goes:? There are no wrong students, only wrong teachers? . We should be supporters, cooperators and guides of young children? , can't use whether? Be obedient? To measure a child.
2. Improve their own quality. Keep up with the development of the times, study more and keep up with your own quality. As a teacher, we must grasp ourselves, improve ourselves, consciously resist some bad social atmosphere, maintain a healthy, positive and optimistic attitude, and set a good example for children's mental health.
3. Regard children as positive contributors to society, learn to discover the bright spot of each child, let each child's potential develop itself in a favorable environment, and promote the seeds of wisdom in the child's heart to sprout.
(2) Full of love
The famous educator Suhomlinski said: The whole mystery of educational skills lies in how teachers love children. ?
1. Love every child. As a kindergarten teacher, no matter whether the child is beautiful or ugly, smart or dull, we should have a heart that loves the child, treat the child as our own, bring confidence, security and trust to the child with our love, let us approach the child with a kind of love, skillfully master and use the strategy of love, give the child more care and smile, share the happiness in their hearts, and share their worries and anxieties.
2. Encourage children. One more thing: Are you great? I believe you can do it? Or smile to affirm and encourage young children. This is conducive to cultivating children's positive emotions and giving them a full sense of being valued and accepted. Never use it? Stupid? Why can't you do anything? For example, denying children's language. Otherwise, under the negative influence of children, emotions will become negative.
(C) to create a good educational environment
A child's psychology is like a clean blank sheet of paper. What you draw on it is what it is. So what? Water the flowers, water the roots and raise the children first. ? In teaching, we should give full play to children's advantages, do a good job in enlightenment training and guide children to have a positive attitude.
1. Make full use of teaching activities and game activities to infiltrate children's mental health education. For example, in language teaching activities, through stories and nursery rhymes, children can distinguish right from wrong, good from evil, cultivate good emotional qualities such as care, love and respect, cultivate good behavior habits in healthy and social activities, and let children experience the happiness of success in art and music activities. Let children learn to abide by rules and self-discipline in game activities, help children establish friendly peer relations, learn to get along well with peers and so on. I have implemented it in my class. Not doing it? Little emperor? , do what? Little public servant? Thematic experimental education activities. It has achieved remarkable results and has been well received by parents and peers.
2. stick to it. Persistence is the most important thing. Only according to children's psychological characteristics and development needs, can mental health education effectively penetrate into daily teaching and persist in it, so as to better promote the development of children's mental health.
Strengthen communication with parents.
According to the research of psychology and pedagogy, students form their own behavior habits in cooperation with teachers, parents, peers and elders. Parents' behavior has a great subtle influence on their children directly. Therefore, it is very important for parents to do a good job in children's mental health education.
Warm family environment is the cradle for children to form good psychological quality. It is important to correct parents' educational ideas, change parents' educational methods, improve parents' quality and strengthen communication. For example, parents' lectures with relevant contents are held regularly, and publicity is carried out in the form of parents' garden, parents' observation activities, family education experience exchange, etc., and communication with parents is strengthened by using QQ groups, mobile phones and other media to lay a solid foundation for children to form a healthy psychology.
Children bear all the hopes of the family and are the future builders and successors of the motherland. Kindergarten teachers have great responsibilities. Let's pay attention to children's psychology, guide children's behavior, and constantly explore early childhood education so that every child can grow up healthily!
References:
[1] Jin Fei. On the Strategies of Children's Mental Health Education [J]. Modern Educational Science: Primary School Teachers. 20 12, (3).
[2] Bu Cuiping. An indispensable part of early childhood education [J]. Teenagers in China: Teaching Edition.2012, (14).
[3] Li na Let children find the source of happiness [J]. The road to success. 20 12, (5).
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