So, what is premature senescence of wheat? Why does wheat premature aging? How to prevent premature aging of wheat? Let's have a look.
What is premature senescence of wheat? 1. Soil waterlogging: Waterlogging leads to soil hypoxia, decreased respiration and absorption function of roots, degradation of chlorophyll on the ground, decreased photosynthetic capacity and decreased substance synthesis and accumulation.
2. Improper management: improper management of fertilizer and water, too large population in the early stage, slow individual development, exhausted soil nutrients in the later stage, shortened functional period of upper leaves and early maturity of plants.
3. Pests and diseases: If pests and diseases occur in wheat fields, if they cannot be prevented or prevented in time, they will lead to wheat diseases and diseases and epidemics, and often lead to premature aging and grain weight decline.
4. Nutrient deficiency: In arid and barren land, physiological processes such as wheat photosynthesis are affected due to soil nutrient deficiency, especially in the later stage of wheat growth, due to insufficient nutrient supply, the grain filling period is shortened, and the grain weight is reduced, leading to premature senescence of plants.
5. Drought stress: Soil drought or atmospheric drought can easily lead to difficulty in water absorption by plant roots or excessive water loss in the body, which will destroy water balance and inhibit normal physiological metabolism.
Especially in the late stage of wheat growth, the temperature is high, and the soil evaporation and plant transpiration are very large. If the soil is severely dry, the roots can't absorb water from the soil, which leads to wilting of plants, abnormal grain filling, decreased filling speed and 1000-grain weight. In severe cases, wheat died, the filling period was greatly shortened and the yield was greatly reduced.
How to prevent premature senescence of wheat (1) Slurry irrigation plays an important role in delaying late senescence of wheat and improving grain weight.
Generally, it should be watered about 10 days after wheat flowering, and then watered according to weather conditions.
(2) Prevention and control of pests and diseases mostly occur in the late growth stage of wheat, especially in high-yield fields, and generally include powdery mildew, rust, scab, leaf blight, aphids, wheat armyworm and so on. If it is not prevented in time, the 1000-grain weight and internal quality of wheat will be greatly reduced.
(3) Spraying fertilizer on leaf surface Spraying micro-fertilizer or growth regulator on leaf surface at wheat heading and filling stage can prolong the life of functional leaves, improve photosynthetic capacity and increase grain weight.
(4) Timely harvesting at the end of wax ripening is the best.